Ruby on rails （NoMethodError:main:Object的未定义方法`email'；）。与Mandrill&；确认后发送欢迎电子邮件；邮差

我目前正在覆盖Desive Confirmable方法，以便在用户确认其帐户后创建欢迎电子邮件。在当前设置下，在rails控制台中运行UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message（self.deliver_now）会导致以下错误：

    "NoMethodError: undefined method `email' for main:Object
 from /Users/AnthonyEmtman/Documents/projects/Team_Development/kons/app/mailers/user_transaction_mailer.rb:6:in `welcome_message'" 

下面是

def确认覆盖用于触发发送欢迎消息电子邮件

models/user.rb：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
         :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable, 
         :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable, :zxcvbnable

  def confirm!
    send_welcome_message
    super
  end

private

  def send_welcome_message
    UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message(self).deliver_now
  end

end

class用户

以下文件是我的用户\u事务\u mailer.rb和基本\u mandrill\u mailer.rb文件。user_transaction_mailer.rb继承自base_mandrill_mailer.rb，因此我创建的所有未来邮件都可以访问mandrill_send方法，有效地减少了我每次需要写入mandrill_send方法的发送代码量

mailers/user\u transaction\u mailer.rb：

class UserTransactionMailer < BaseMandrillMailer

  def welcome_message(user, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Welcome to Kontracking",
      :email => user.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        {
          name: "USER_NAME",
          content: user.user_name
        }
      ],
      :template_name => "Welcome Message - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options

  end

end

class CustomDeviseMailer < Devise::Mailer


  def confirmation_instructions(record, token, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Confirmation Instructions",
      :email => record.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        {
          name: "confirmation_link",
          content: user_confirmation_url(confirmation_token: token)
          }
      ],
      :template_name => "Confirmation Instructions - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options
  end


  def reset_password_instructions(record, token, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Password Reset Instructions",
      :email => record.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        { 
          name: "password_reset_link",
          content: reset_password_url(reset_password_token: record.reset_password_token)
        }
      ],
      :template_name => "Password Reset Instructions - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options
  end


  def unlock_instructions(record, token, opts={})
    options = {
      :subject => "Account Unlock Instructions",
      :email => record.email,
      :global_merge_vars => [
        {
          name: "account_unlock_link",
          content: user_unlock_url(unlock_token: token)
        }
      ],
      :template_name => "Account Unlock Instructions - Kontracking"
    }

    mandrill_send options
  end


  def mandrill_send(opts={})
    message = {
      :subject => "#{opts[:subject]}",
      :from_name => "Kontracking",
      :from_email => "anthony.emtman@kredibleinc.com",
      :to =>
        [{"name" => "Some User",
          "email" => "#{opts[:email]}",
          "type" => "to"}],
      :global_merge_vars => opts[:global_merge_vars]
    }
    sending = MANDRILL.messages.send_template opts[:template_name], [], message
    rescue Mandrill::Error => e
      Rails.logger.debug("#{e.class}: #{e.message}")
      raise
  end


end

class-UserTransactionMailer“欢迎来到Kontracking”，
：email=>user.email，
：全局\u合并\u变量=>[
{
名称：“用户名”，
内容：user.user\u名称
}
],
：template_name=>“欢迎消息-跟踪”
}
mandrill_发送选项
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mailers/base_mandrill_mailer.rb：

require "mandrill"

class BaseMandrillMailer < ApplicationMailer

  def mandrill_send(opts={})
    message = {
      :subject => "#{opts[:subject]}",
      :from_name => "Kontracking",
      :from_email => "admin@kontracking.com",
      :to =>
        [{"name" => "Some User",
          "email" => "#{opts[:email]}",
          "type" => "to"}],
      :global_merge_vars => opts[:global_merge_vars]
    }
    sending = MANDRILL.messages.send_template opts[:template_name], [], message
    rescue Mandrill::Error => e
      Rails.logger.debug("#{e.class}: #{e.message}")
      raise
  end

end

需要“mandrill”
类BaseMandrillMailer“#{opts[：subject]}”，
：from_name=>“Kontracking”，
：from_email=>“admin@kontracking.com",
：to=>
[{“name”=>“某个用户”，
“email”=>“#{opts[：email]}”，
“键入”=>“到”}]，
：global\u merge\u vars=>opts[：global\u merge\u vars]
}
sending=MANDRILL.messages.send_模板选择[：模板名称]，]，消息
rescue Mandrill:：Error=>e
调试（“#{e.class}:#{e.message}”）
提升
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运行UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message（User.first）。在rails控制台中立即交付将导致成功交付到我的电子邮件，包括正确处理要在电子邮件中显示的用户名的包含合并变量。我对哈希缺乏经验，目前无法找到解决未定义方法问题的方法（可能相当简单）。我如何让它正常工作

另外，我目前在初始值设定项中需要'mandrill'，因此我应该能够从base_mandrill_mailer.rb文件中删除它，对吗？
我解决了我的问题，因为当前的实现总是保持自我未定义。修改models/user.rb confirm方法以包含消息的self和user修复了问题

models/user.rb：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
         :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable, 
         :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable, :zxcvbnable

  def confirm!
    send_welcome_message(self)
    super
  end

private

  def send_welcome_message(user)
    UserTransactionMailer.welcome_message(user).deliver_now
  end

end

我还为Mandrill设置了一个简单的初始值设定项（我使用的是Mandrill API——下面包含的文件）

初始值设定项/mandrill.rb：

require 'mandrill'

MANDRILL = Mandrill::API.new ENV['SMTP_PASSWORD']

config/environments/production.rb：

  # Do not dump schema after migrations.
  config.active_record.dump_schema_after_migration = false

  config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: ENV["SMTP_DOMAIN"] }
  config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp
  config.action_mailer.perform_deliveries = true
  config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = {
    address: ENV.fetch("SMTP_ADDRESS"),
    authentication: :plain
    domain: ENV.fetch("SMTP_DOMAIN"),
    enable_starttls_auto: true,
    password: ENV.fetch("SMTP_PASSWORD"),
    port: "587",
    user_name: ENV.fetch("SMTP_USERNAME")
  }

config/environments/development.rb：

  # Care if the mailer can't send.
  config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true
  config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test
  host = 'localhost:3000'
  config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: host }
  config.action_mailer.perform_deliveries = true

config/application.yml：

SMTP_地址：SMTP.mandrillapp.com
SMTP\u域：本地主机
SMTP_密码：“在此处插入Mandrill API密钥--无引号”
SMTP_用户名：“在此处插入您的Mandrill用户名--无引号”

我用费加罗来管理这些。我设置了一个初始值设定项，因此如果服务器上没有设置它们，就会导致错误

初始化者/figaro.rb：

Figaro.require_keys("SMTP_ADDRESS", "SMTP_DOMAIN", 
  "SMTP_PASSWORD", "SMTP_USERNAME")

如果你有任何问题，请告诉我

Figaro.require_keys("SMTP_ADDRESS", "SMTP_DOMAIN", 
  "SMTP_PASSWORD", "SMTP_USERNAME")