Scrapy 尝试用刮泥/飞溅物爬行时出现问题？

我对抓取网站感兴趣，首先我想从网站的这一部分获取链接：

<div id="lo-mas-visto">
<div class="item seccion-nacion">
<span class="fecha">04:21</span>
<span class="title">
<a href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/nacion/politica/2017/04/25/tras-videoescandalo-cae-candidata-de-morena">Tras videoescándalo cae candidata de Morena</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="item seccion-nacion">
<span class="fecha">02:01</span>
<span class="title">
</div>
<div class="item seccion-mundo">
<span class="fecha">03:20</span>
<span class="title">
<a href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/mundo/2017/04/25/trump-se-rinde-no-incluye-muro-en-presupuesto">Trump se rinde; no incluye muro en presupuesto </a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="item seccion-nacion">
<span class="fecha">02:02</span>
<span class="title">
<a href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/entrada-de-opinion/columna/hector-de-mauleon/nacion/2017/04/25/amlo-y-el-dinero-sucio">AMLO y el dinero sucio</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="item seccion-nacion">
<span class="fecha">02:06</span>
<span class="title">
<a href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/entrada-de-opinion/columna/salvador-garcia-soto/nacion/2017/04/25/morena-y-los-nuevos">Morena y los nuevos videoescándalos</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="item seccion-metropoli">
<span class="fecha">01:09</span>
<span class="title">
<a href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/metropoli/edomex/2017/04/25/delfina-gomez-y-su-equipo-se-premian-con-bonos">Delfina Gómez y su equipo se premian con bonos</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="item seccion-metropoli">
<span class="fecha">01:06</span>
<span class="title">
<a href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/metropoli/cdmx/2017/04/25/van-tras-mujer-que-prostituye-niñas-de-secundaria-y-prepa">Van tras mujer que prostituye a niñas de secundaria y prepa</a>
</span>

问题是我没有从上述对象获取URL：

user@MacBook-Pro-de-User-3:~/PycharmProjects$ scrapy runspider opinions.py
2017-04-27 17:09:28 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.3.3 started (bot: scrapybot)
2017-04-27 17:09:28 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Overridden settings: {'SPIDER_LOADER_WARN_ONLY': True}
2017-04-27 17:09:28 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/> (referer: None)
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/>
{'url': []}
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 220,
 'downloader/request_count': 1,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 53389,
 'downloader/response_count': 1,
 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 27, 22, 9, 29, 901099),
 'item_scraped_count': 1,
 'log_count/DEBUG': 3,
 'log_count/INFO': 7,
 'response_received_count': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 27, 22, 9, 29, 143023)}
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

user@MacBook-Pro-de-User-3:~/pycharm项目$scrapy runspider.py
2017-04-27 17:09:28[scrapy.utils.log]信息：scrapy 1.3.3已启动（机器人程序：scrapybot）
2017-04-27 17:09:28[scrapy.utils.log]信息：覆盖的设置：{'SPIDER_LOADER_WARN_ONLY'：True}
2017-04-27 17:09:28[scrapy.middleware]信息：启用的扩展：
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.corestats'，
'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole'，
'scrapy.extensions.logstats.logstats']
2017-04-27 17:09:29[剪贴簿中间件]信息：启用的下载程序中间件：
['scrapy.downloaderMiddleware.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware'，
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware'，
'scrapy.downloaderMiddleware.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.retry.RetryMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware'，
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.redirect.RedirectMiddleware'，
“scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.cookies.CookiesMiddleware”，
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.stats.DownloaderStats']
2017-04-27 17:09:29[剪贴簿中间件]信息：启用的蜘蛛中间件：
['scrapy.spidermiddleware.httperror.httperror中间件'，
'刮皮.SpiderMiddleware.场外.场外Iddleware'，
“scrapy.Spidermiddleware.referer.RefererMiddleware”，
'scrapy.spiderMiddleware.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware'，
'scrapy.spidermiddleware.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2017-04-27 17:09:29[碎片中间件]信息：启用的项目管道：
[]
2017-04-27 17:09:29[刮屑.堆芯.发动机]信息：卡盘已打开
2017-04-27 17:09:29[scrapy.extensions.logstats]信息：爬网0页（0页/分钟），爬网0项（0项/分钟）
2017-04-27 17:09:29[scrapy.extensions.telnet]调试：telnet控制台在127.0.0.1:6023上侦听
2017-04-27 17:09:29[刮屑核心引擎]调试：爬网（200）（参考：无）
2017-04-27 17:09:29[scrapy.core.scraper]调试：从
{'url'：[]}
2017-04-27 17:09:29[刮屑芯发动机]信息：关闭卡盘（已完成）
2017-04-27 17:09:29[scrapy.statscollectors]信息：倾销scrapy统计数据：
{'downloader/request_bytes'：220，
“下载程序/请求计数”：1，
“downloader/request\u method\u count/GET”：1，
“downloader/response_字节”：53389，
“下载程序/响应计数”：1，
“下载程序/响应状态\计数/200”：1，
“完成原因”：“完成”，
“完成时间”：datetime.datetime（2017,4,27,22,9,29,901099），
“物料刮取计数”：1，
“日志计数/调试”：3，
“日志计数/信息”：7，
“响应\u已接收\u计数”：1，
“调度程序/出列”：1，
“调度程序/出列/内存”：1，
“调度程序/排队”：1，
“调度程序/排队/内存”：1，
“开始时间”：datetime.datetime（2017,4,27,22,9,29,143023）}
2017-04-27 17:09:29[刮屑堆芯发动机]信息：十字轴关闭（完成）

---

如何修复爬行器以获取链接并启动分页方案？..

从评论中，我认为您的问题在于您没有一个松散的项目，并且splash配置不正确。您的爬行器不会呈现JavaScript，因此您无法访问所需的链接

另外，如果要提取链接，则末尾的

xpath

缺少

/@href

。 如果您想测试XPath，这里有一个非常有用的工具：

您首先需要制作一个

scrapy项目

（）

然后，您需要正确配置splash，以便可以从网站呈现JavaScript并获得所需的链接。以下是您需要的文档：

---

希望这有帮助。

你能发布你的设置吗？我认为你的飞溅配置不好。您还需要在xpath的末尾添加

/@href

，以便提取链接而不是

标记。我刚刚创建了一个玩具蜘蛛，因为我正在学习。。。我没有创建一个粗糙的项目@Blankeradrien谢谢！

user@MacBook-Pro-de-User-3:~/PycharmProjects$ scrapy runspider opinions.py
2017-04-27 17:09:28 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.3.3 started (bot: scrapybot)
2017-04-27 17:09:28 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Overridden settings: {'SPIDER_LOADER_WARN_ONLY': True}
2017-04-27 17:09:28 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/> (referer: None)
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/>
{'url': []}
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 220,
 'downloader/request_count': 1,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 53389,
 'downloader/response_count': 1,
 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 27, 22, 9, 29, 901099),
 'item_scraped_count': 1,
 'log_count/DEBUG': 3,
 'log_count/INFO': 7,
 'response_received_count': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 27, 22, 9, 29, 143023)}
2017-04-27 17:09:29 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)