Sql server 将垂直结果转换为水平模式(T-SQL)
以下是示例数据: CalculationDatePLResultSql server 将垂直结果转换为水平模式(T-SQL),sql-server,sql-server-2008,tsql,sql-server-2012,pivot,Sql Server,Sql Server 2008,Tsql,Sql Server 2012,Pivot,以下是示例数据: CalculationDatePLResult 2014-01-02100 2014-01-03200 2014-02-03300 2014-02-04400 2014-02-27500 以下是预期结果(逻辑格式): 一月至二月 CalculationDatePLResultCalculationDatePLResult 2014-01-021002014-02-03300 2014-01-032002014-02-04400 2014-02-27500 以下是预期结果(使用T
2014-01-02100
2014-01-03200
2014-02-03300
2014-02-04400
2014-02-27500
以下是预期结果(逻辑格式): 一月至二月
CalculationDatePLResultCalculationDatePLResult
2014-01-021002014-02-03300
2014-01-032002014-02-04400
2014-02-27500
以下是预期结果(使用T-SQL查询): 一月计算日期一月结果EB计算日期二月结果
2014-01-021002014-02-03300
2014-01-032002014-02-04400
2014-02-27500
目标:
- 根据月份对结果进行分类。在上面的示例中,1月份的结果放在1月份的细分中
- 月数可以是动态的。在上面的示例中,它只显示一月和二月,因为只有两个月的结果
- 结果将通过Excel显示。实际上,我可以查询多个查询表来聚合不同月份的结果,但是如果可以通过一个查询返回所有结果,那么维护和调试就会更容易
CREATE TABLE #PLResultPerDay ( CalculationDate DATETIME, PLResult DECIMAL(18,8) )
INSERT INTO #PLResultPerDay ( CalculationDate, PLResult ) VALUES ('2014-01-02' , 100 )
INSERT INTO #PLResultPerDay ( CalculationDate, PLResult ) VALUES ('2014-01-03' , 200 )
INSERT INTO #PLResultPerDay ( CalculationDate, PLResult ) VALUES ('2014-02-03' , 300 )
INSERT INTO #PLResultPerDay ( CalculationDate, PLResult ) VALUES ('2014-02-04' , 400 )
到目前为止,我尝试构建查询:SELECT
CalculationDate, [January], CalculationDate, [February]
FROM
(
SELECT CalculationDate, PLResult, DATENAME(MONTH, CalculationDate) AS [MTH]
FROM #PLResultPerDay
) x
PIVOT
(
MIN(PLResult)
FOR [MTH] IN ([January], [February])
) p
正如已经说过的那样,这实际上是不可能的,你能得到的最接近的结果是:
January2014CalculationDate | January2014PLResult | February2014CalculationDate | February2014PLResult
---------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------------+------------------
2014-01-02 | 100 | 2014-02-03 | 300
2014-01-03 | 200 | 2014-02-04 | 400
NULL | NULL | 2014-02-27 | 500
即使这并不简单,我仍然建议在sql之外处理这种格式。第一步是按月对数据进行分区,然后对每个月的日期进行排序:
SELECT CalculationDate,
PLResult,
CalculationMonth,
DenseRank = DENSE_RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY CalculationMonth ORDER BY CalculationDate)
FROM ( SELECT CalculationDate,
PLResult,
CalculationMonth = DATEADD(MONTH, DATEDIFF(MONTH, 0, CalculationDate), 0)
FROM #PLResultPerDay
) pl;
这使得:
CalculationDate PLResult CalculationMonth DenseRank
2014-01-02 100 2014-01-01 1
2014-01-03 200 2014-01-01 2
2014-02-03 300 2014-02-01 1
2014-02-04 400 2014-02-01 2
2014-02-27 500 2014-02-01 3
Jan2014CalcDate Jan2014Result Feb2014CalcDate Feb2014Result
2014-01-02 100 2014-02-03 300
2014-01-03 200 2014-02-04 400
NULL NULL 2014-02-27 500
然后,您可以透视此数据:
WITH Data AS
( SELECT CalculationDate,
PLResult,
CalculationMonth,
DenseRank = DENSE_RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY CalculationMonth ORDER BY CalculationDate)
FROM ( SELECT CalculationDate,
PLResult,
CalculationMonth = DATEADD(MONTH, DATEDIFF(MONTH, 0, CalculationDate), 0)
FROM #PLResultPerDay
) pl
)
SELECT Jan2014CalcDate = MIN(CASE WHEN CalculationMonth = '20140101' THEN CalculationDate END),
Jan2014Result = SUM(CASE WHEN CalculationMonth = '20140101' THEN PLResult END),
Feb2014CalcDate = MIN(CASE WHEN CalculationMonth = '20140201' THEN CalculationDate END),
Feb2014Result = SUM(CASE WHEN CalculationMonth = '20140201' THEN PLResult END)
FROM Data
GROUP BY DenseRank
ORDER BY DenseRank;
这使得:
CalculationDate PLResult CalculationMonth DenseRank
2014-01-02 100 2014-01-01 1
2014-01-03 200 2014-01-01 2
2014-02-03 300 2014-02-01 1
2014-02-04 400 2014-02-01 2
2014-02-27 500 2014-02-01 3
Jan2014CalcDate Jan2014Result Feb2014CalcDate Feb2014Result
2014-01-02 100 2014-02-03 300
2014-01-03 200 2014-02-04 400
NULL NULL 2014-02-27 500
然后,由于您有一个动态的月数,您需要动态构建上述语句,并使用SP_EXECUTESQL
运行它:
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX) = '';
WITH Months AS
( SELECT M,
ColName = DATENAME(MONTH, M) + DATENAME(YEAR, M),
CharFormat = CONVERT(VARCHAR(8), M, 112)
FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT M = DATEADD(MONTH, DATEDIFF(MONTH, 0, CalculationDate), 0)
FROM #PLResultPerDay
) m
)
SELECT @SQL = 'WITH Data AS
( SELECT CalculationDate,
PLResult,
CalculationMonth,
DenseRank = DENSE_RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY CalculationMonth ORDER BY CalculationDate)
FROM ( SELECT CalculationDate,
PLResult,
CalculationMonth = DATEADD(MONTH, DATEDIFF(MONTH, 0, CalculationDate), 0)
FROM #PLResultPerDay
) pl
)
SELECT ' +
STUFF(( SELECT ', ' + ColName + 'CalculationDate = MIN(CASE WHEN CalculationMonth = ''' + CharFormat + ''' THEN CalculationDate END), ' +
ColName + 'PLResult = SUM(CASE WHEN CalculationMonth = ''' + CharFormat + ''' THEN PLResult END)'
FROM Months
ORDER BY M
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'), 1, 2, '') +
'FROM Data
GROUP BY DenseRank
ORDER BY DenseRank;';
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @SQL;
请注意,我仍然建议不要使用这种技术,我认为应该让SQL来存储/检索数据,用于格式化数据的表示层实际上是不可能的。不能有列的层次结构。如果希望以这种方式呈现,请在呈现层中进行。SQL将返回4列。e、 g.
JanCalc、JanPL、FebCalc、FebPL
@MartinSmith:谢谢,我对预期结果做了一些更正。编辑后的结果仍然不可能,PIVOT无法以这种方式工作。这种类型的操作不应在SQL中进行,而应在使用SQL结果的代码中进行。关于“结果将显示在Excel中”。您可能很快就能在Reporting Services中使用矩阵控件获得所需的格式。非常感谢您为详细解释所做的努力。