Sql server 使用变量筛选多个列

我有一个如下所示的SQL表：

我希望能够根据变量值过滤列

例如有时仅@BI_ResponsibleID，有时@CategoryID和@ChangeRequestorID等等

---

我可以用我的变量来实现这一点吗？

尝试以下方法：

声明@BI_ResponsibleID INT、@CategoryID INT、@ChangeRequestorID INT

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
     [BI_ResponsibleID],
     [CategoryID],
     [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE (ISNULL([BI_ResponsibleID],0) = @BI_ResponsibleID) 
    AND (ISNULL([CategoryID],0) = @CategoryID)
    AND (ISNULL([ChangeRequestorID],0) = @ChangeRequestorID)

---

试着这样做：

声明@BI_ResponsibleID INT、@CategoryID INT、@ChangeRequestorID INT

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
     [BI_ResponsibleID],
     [CategoryID],
     [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE (ISNULL([BI_ResponsibleID],0) = @BI_ResponsibleID) 
    AND (ISNULL([CategoryID],0) = @CategoryID)
    AND (ISNULL([ChangeRequestorID],0) = @ChangeRequestorID)

我为您提供的解决方案：

像这样使用空参数的默认值

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = ISNULL(@BI_ResponsibleID, 0 );
SET @CategoryID = ISNULL(@CategoryID, 0 );
SET @ChangeRequestorID = ISNULL(@ChangeRequestorID, 0 );

试试这个：

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE (@BI_ResponsibleID = 0 OR [BI_ResponsibleID] = @BI_ResponsibleID)
  AND (@CategoryID = 0 OR [CategoryID] = @CategoryID)
  AND (@ChangeRequestorID = 0 OR [ChangeRequestorID] = @ChangeRequestorID)

我为您提供的解决方案：

像这样使用空参数的默认值

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = ISNULL(@BI_ResponsibleID, 0 );
SET @CategoryID = ISNULL(@CategoryID, 0 );
SET @ChangeRequestorID = ISNULL(@ChangeRequestorID, 0 );

试试这个：

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE (@BI_ResponsibleID = 0 OR [BI_ResponsibleID] = @BI_ResponsibleID)
  AND (@CategoryID = 0 OR [CategoryID] = @CategoryID)
  AND (@ChangeRequestorID = 0 OR [ChangeRequestorID] = @ChangeRequestorID)

---

您可以使用下面的动态查询。我假设如果变量的值为零，则不希望对该列进行筛选

// Not tested code
DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 
DECLARE @sqlCommand nvarchar(1000)


SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SET @sqlCommand = 'TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity] where 1 = 1 '

if(@BI_ResponsibleID != 0)
 set @sqlCommand +=  'AND BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID '

 if(@CategoryID != 0)
 set @sqlCommand +=  'AND CategoryID = @CategoryID ' 

 if(@ChangeRequestorID != 0)
 set @sqlCommand +=  'AND ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID '

EXEC sp_executesql @sqlCommand, N'@BI_ResponsibleID INT, @CategoryID INT, @ChangeRequestorID INT', @BI_ResponsibleID, @CategoryID, @ChangeRequestorID;

---

您可以使用下面的动态查询。我假设如果变量的值为零，则不希望对该列进行筛选

// Not tested code
DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 
DECLARE @sqlCommand nvarchar(1000)


SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SET @sqlCommand = 'TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity] where 1 = 1 '

if(@BI_ResponsibleID != 0)
 set @sqlCommand +=  'AND BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID '

 if(@CategoryID != 0)
 set @sqlCommand +=  'AND CategoryID = @CategoryID ' 

 if(@ChangeRequestorID != 0)
 set @sqlCommand +=  'AND ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID '

EXEC sp_executesql @sqlCommand, N'@BI_ResponsibleID INT, @CategoryID INT, @ChangeRequestorID INT', @BI_ResponsibleID, @CategoryID, @ChangeRequestorID;

---

因为我没有表和数据，所以无法检查此查询。但这就是你实现它的方法

DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE ( 1 = 1 OR ( @BI_ResponsibleID IS NOT NULL AND  Some Other condition using @BI_ResponsibleID))
    AND ( 1 = 1 OR ( @CategoryID IS NOT NULL AND  Some Other condition using @CategoryID))
    AND ( 1 = 1 OR ( @ChangeRequestorID IS NOT NULL AND  Some Other condition using @ChangeRequestorID))

---

因为我没有表和数据，所以无法检查此查询。但这就是你实现它的方法

DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE ( 1 = 1 OR ( @BI_ResponsibleID IS NOT NULL AND  Some Other condition using @BI_ResponsibleID))
    AND ( 1 = 1 OR ( @CategoryID IS NOT NULL AND  Some Other condition using @CategoryID))
    AND ( 1 = 1 OR ( @ChangeRequestorID IS NOT NULL AND  Some Other condition using @ChangeRequestorID))

---

您需要做的是，包括

或

条件以检查

NULL

参数，如下所示：

DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

CREATE PROCEDURE MyProcName
    @BI_ResponsibleID = NULL
    @CategoryID = NULL
    @ChangeRequestorID = NULL

AS

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

END

您可能希望通过存储过程执行此操作，如下所示：

DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

CREATE PROCEDURE MyProcName
    @BI_ResponsibleID = NULL
    @CategoryID = NULL
    @ChangeRequestorID = NULL

AS

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

END

---

您需要做的是，包括

或

条件以检查

NULL

参数，如下所示：

DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

CREATE PROCEDURE MyProcName
    @BI_ResponsibleID = NULL
    @CategoryID = NULL
    @ChangeRequestorID = NULL

AS

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

END

您可能希望通过存储过程执行此操作，如下所示：

DECLARE @BI_ResponsibleID INT , @CategoryID  INT , @ChangeRequestorID INT 

SET @BI_ResponsibleID = 5
SET @CategoryID = 3
SET @ChangeRequestorID = 4

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

CREATE PROCEDURE MyProcName
    @BI_ResponsibleID = NULL
    @CategoryID = NULL
    @ChangeRequestorID = NULL

AS

SELECT TOP 4
      [BI_ResponsibleID],
      [CategoryID],
      [ChangeRequestorID]   
FROM [BI_Planning].[dbo].[tlbActivity]
WHERE 
    (BI_ResponsibleID = @BI_ResponsibleID OR @BI_ResponsibleID IS NULL)
    AND (CategoryID = @CategoryID OR @CategoryID IS NULL)
    AND (ChangeRequestorID = @ChangeRequestorID OR @ChangeRequestorID IS NULL)

END

---

您想用一个或多个变量筛选结果？动态查询是一个选项。您想用一个或多个变量筛选结果？动态查询是一个选项。如果我只想在@CategoryID=3上筛选，并将BI_ResponsibleID和ChangeRequestorID留空，会发生什么情况？@Nils在这种情况下，查询也会工作。它将@CategoryID=3，其他条件为空。唯一需要注意的是，您需要给出

set@ChangeRequestorID=NULL

，

set@BI_ResponsibleID=NULL

如果我只想在@CategoryID=3上进行筛选，并将BI_ResponsibleID和ChangeRequestorID留空，会发生什么情况？@Nils在这种情况下，查询也会工作。它将@CategoryID=3，其他条件为空。唯一需要注意的是，您需要在这里大量使用动态SQL，并了解其他使用“捕获所有查询”（这可能会严重影响性能问题）的答案。然而，我承认，我不喜欢使用

1=1

；它可以使查询分析器做出奇怪的决定。如果您可以添加逻辑来绕过它的使用，它会更好。：）我得到一个错误：过程需要类型为“ntext/nchar/nvarchar”的参数“@statement”。@Nils-更新了answer问题中

@sqlCommand

的类型，现在应该修复了。这里大量使用动态SQL，而get则围绕使用“捕获所有查询”（这可能会严重影响性能问题）的其他答案展开。然而，我承认，我不喜欢使用

1=1

；它可以使查询分析器做出奇怪的决定。如果您可以添加逻辑来绕过它的使用，它会更好。：）我得到一个错误：过程需要类型为“ntext/nchar/nvarchar”的参数“@statement”。@Nils-更新了应答问题中

@sqlCommand

的类型，现在应该修复了。