如何在SQL Server中将数据行转换为具有不同列的单行

目前我有来自temp的数据，我从其他表中提取数据。临时表格式如下所示

WorkerID MainDoc    SubDoc    Value   TimeStamp
-------- --------  ---------  -----   ---------
1224       Doc1       A1       abc     11:40
1234       Doc1       A2       def     11:40
1224       Doc1       B1       30      11.40
1234       Doc1       B2       40      11:40
1224       Doc1       C1       50      11:40
1234       Doc1       C1       51      11:50
1224       Doc1       C2       60      11:40
1234       Doc1       C2       61      11:50
1235       Doc1       A1       fgf     11:55
1235       Doc1       A2       vbv     11:55

WorkerID  MainDoc   Value(1)   Value(2)  Value(3)   Value(4)   Value(5) Value(6)
--------  -------   --------   --------  --------   --------   -------- --------
  1234    Doc1      abc        def        30          40         51      61
  1235    Doc1      fgf        vbv       NULL        NULL       NULL    NULL

当WorkerID相同且格式如下时，我需要将这些行转换为具有最新时间戳值的单行

WorkerID MainDoc    SubDoc    Value   TimeStamp
-------- --------  ---------  -----   ---------
1224       Doc1       A1       abc     11:40
1234       Doc1       A2       def     11:40
1224       Doc1       B1       30      11.40
1234       Doc1       B2       40      11:40
1224       Doc1       C1       50      11:40
1234       Doc1       C1       51      11:50
1224       Doc1       C2       60      11:40
1234       Doc1       C2       61      11:50
1235       Doc1       A1       fgf     11:55
1235       Doc1       A2       vbv     11:55

WorkerID  MainDoc   Value(1)   Value(2)  Value(3)   Value(4)   Value(5) Value(6)
--------  -------   --------   --------  --------   --------   -------- --------
  1234    Doc1      abc        def        30          40         51      61
  1235    Doc1      fgf        vbv       NULL        NULL       NULL    NULL

因此，我如何着手做这件事！谢谢

我很抱歉，因为原始答案有一些逻辑错误，最后我可以有时间来测试它

在这种方法中，我的第一步是使用CTE获取ValueNumber，并获取每个子文档的最后一个值，然后我将这些值作为轴心

WITH subDocs AS (
    SELECT DISTINCT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SubDoc) vn, SubDoc FROM (SELECT DISTINCT SubDoc FROM #MyTable) A
), cte AS (
    SELECT 
        WorkerID, 
        MainDoc, 
        T.SubDoc,
        Value,
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY WorkerID, MainDoc, T.SubDoc ORDER BY TimeStamp DESC) AS rn, 
        vn
    FROM #MyTable T
    JOIN subDocs S ON T.subdoc = S.subdoc 
)
SELECT WorkerID, MainDoc, [1] as [Value(1)], [2] as [Value(2)], [3] as [Value(3)], [4] as [Value(4)], [5] as [Value(5)], [6] as [Value(6)]
FROM (
    SELECT WorkerID, Maindoc, vn, Value FROM cte WHERE rn = 1
) Source
PIVOT (
    MAX(Value) FOR vn IN ([1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6])
) PVT

但最有可能的是，您想要的列数不是固定的，您需要使用动态SQL来获得它

DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @SubDocCount INT
DECLARE @ColumnNames NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @PivotValues NVARCHAR(MAX)

SELECT TOP 1 @SubDocCount = COUNT(DISTINCT Subdoc) FROM #MyTable

;WITH cols AS (
    SELECT 1 as num
    UNION ALL
    SELECT num + 1
    FROM cols WHERE num < @SubDocCount 
)
SELECT 
    @ColumnNames = STUFF(
             (SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(CAST(num AS VARCHAR)) + ' AS ' + QUOTENAME('Value' + QUOTENAME(CAST(num AS VARCHAR),'('))
              FROM cols
              FOR XML PATH (''))
             , 1, 1, ''),
    @PivotValues = STUFF(
             (SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(CAST(num AS VARCHAR)) 
              FROM cols
              FOR XML PATH (''))
             , 1, 1, '')

SET @SQL = N'
    WITH subDocs AS (
        SELECT DISTINCT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SubDoc) vn, SubDoc FROM (SELECT DISTINCT SubDoc FROM #MyTable) A
    ), cte AS (
        SELECT 
            WorkerID, 
            MainDoc, 
            T.SubDoc,
            Value,
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY WorkerID, MainDoc, T.SubDoc ORDER BY TimeStamp DESC) AS rn, 
            vn
        FROM #MyTable T
        JOIN subDocs S ON T.subdoc = S.subdoc 
    )
    SELECT WorkerID, MainDoc, ' + @ColumnNames + '
    FROM (
        SELECT WorkerID, Maindoc, vn, Value FROM cte WHERE rn = 1
    ) Source
    PIVOT (
        MAX(Value) FOR vn IN (' + @PivotValues + ')
    ) PVT'

EXEC (@SQL)

---

注意，在您的示例输入中有3个不同的WorkerID，考虑到我假设1224和1234为打字错误的预期结果，google CROSSAPPLY您的时间戳值不一致。前两个值使用冒号，其他值使用点分隔小时和分钟。应该先纠正吗？或者它应该按原样工作？您使用的是哪个SQL版本？对不起，时间戳，我已经对它进行了更改，目前正在使用MS SQL2014@VirVir对不起，我的原始答案，我无法测试它，它充满了错误，理应被否决，现在已修复。。。