Android中的OpenGL ES 2.0上下文
我是Android上OpenGL的新手，我阅读了大量的文档样本，我有点理解它。但在尝试做任何复杂的事情之前，我想在黑色背景上画一个简单的2D白色矩形。没有别的了 我陷入了这个错误：Android中的OpenGL ES 2.0上下文,android,opengl-es,opengl-es-2.0,Android,Opengl Es,Opengl Es 2.0,我是Android上OpenGL的新手，我阅读了大量的文档样本，我有点理解它。但在尝试做任何复杂的事情之前，我想在黑色背景上画一个简单的2D白色矩形。没有别的了 我陷入了这个错误：在没有当前上下文的情况下调用OpenGL ES-API，这似乎是我在从非OpenGL线程调用某些东西。问题是，我不确定从OpenGL线程调用什么。这是我的密码 //================活动==================// public class MainActivity extends Activ
在没有当前上下文的情况下调用OpenGL ES-API线程线程调用什么。这是我的密码
//================活动==================//
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
public static String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
MyGLSurfaceView surface;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
getWindow().setFlags(
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN
);
surface = new MyGLSurfaceView(this);
setContentView(surface);
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
surface.onPause();
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
surface.onResume();
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceView extends GLSurfaceView {
MyGLSurfaceRenderer renderer;
public MyGLSurfaceView(Context context) {
super(context);
setEGLContextClientVersion(2);
renderer = new MyGLSurfaceRenderer(this);
setRenderer(renderer);
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
Square square = new Square();
public MyGLSurfaceRenderer(MyGLSurfaceView surface) {
}
@Override
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
square.draw();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
}
}
public class Square {
private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;
private ShortBuffer drawListBuffer;
// number of coordinates per vertex in this array
static final int COORDS_PER_VERTEX = 3;
static float squareCoords[] = { -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, // top left
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom left
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom right
0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f }; // top right
private short drawOrder[] = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3 }; // order to draw vertices
float color[] = { 0.63671875f, 0.76953125f, 0.22265625f, 1.0f };
private final String vertexShaderCode =
"attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_Position = vPosition;" +
"}";
private final String fragmentShaderCode =
"precision mediump float;" +
"uniform vec4 vColor;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_FragColor = vColor;" +
"}";
int mProgram;
static final int vertexStride = COORDS_PER_VERTEX * 4;
static final int vertexCount = 4;
public Square() {
// initialize vertex byte buffer for shape coordinates
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(squareCoords.length * 4); // (# of coordinate values * 4 bytes per float)
bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
vertexBuffer = bb.asFloatBuffer();
vertexBuffer.put(squareCoords);
vertexBuffer.position(0);
// initialize byte buffer for the draw list
ByteBuffer dlb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(drawOrder.length * 2); // (# of coordinate values * 2 bytes per short)
dlb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
drawListBuffer = dlb.asShortBuffer();
drawListBuffer.put(drawOrder);
drawListBuffer.position(0);
int vertexShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexShaderCode);
int fragmentShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentShaderCode);
mProgram = GLES20.glCreateProgram(); // create empty OpenGL ES Program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, vertexShader); // add the vertex shader to program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, fragmentShader); // add the fragment shader to program
GLES20.glLinkProgram(mProgram); // creates OpenGL ES program executables
}
public static int loadShader(int type, String shaderCode){
// create a vertex shader type (GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
// or a fragment shader type (GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(type);
// add the source code to the shader and compile it
GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, shaderCode);
GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
return shader;
}
public void draw() {
// Add program to OpenGL ES environment
GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);
// get handle to vertex shader's vPosition member
int mPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition");
// Enable a handle to the triangle vertices
GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
// Prepare the triangle coordinate data
GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(mPositionHandle, COORDS_PER_VERTEX,
GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
vertexStride, vertexBuffer);
// get handle to fragment shader's vColor member
int mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "vColor");
// Set color for drawing the triangle
GLES20.glUniform4fv(mColorHandle, 1, color, 0);
// Draw the triangle
GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);
// Disable vertex array
GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
}
}
//==================================GLSURFACHEVIEW========================//
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
public static String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
MyGLSurfaceView surface;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
getWindow().setFlags(
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN
);
surface = new MyGLSurfaceView(this);
setContentView(surface);
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
surface.onPause();
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
surface.onResume();
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceView extends GLSurfaceView {
MyGLSurfaceRenderer renderer;
public MyGLSurfaceView(Context context) {
super(context);
setEGLContextClientVersion(2);
renderer = new MyGLSurfaceRenderer(this);
setRenderer(renderer);
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
Square square = new Square();
public MyGLSurfaceRenderer(MyGLSurfaceView surface) {
}
@Override
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
square.draw();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
}
}
public class Square {
private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;
private ShortBuffer drawListBuffer;
// number of coordinates per vertex in this array
static final int COORDS_PER_VERTEX = 3;
static float squareCoords[] = { -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, // top left
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom left
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom right
0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f }; // top right
private short drawOrder[] = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3 }; // order to draw vertices
float color[] = { 0.63671875f, 0.76953125f, 0.22265625f, 1.0f };
private final String vertexShaderCode =
"attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_Position = vPosition;" +
"}";
private final String fragmentShaderCode =
"precision mediump float;" +
"uniform vec4 vColor;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_FragColor = vColor;" +
"}";
int mProgram;
static final int vertexStride = COORDS_PER_VERTEX * 4;
static final int vertexCount = 4;
public Square() {
// initialize vertex byte buffer for shape coordinates
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(squareCoords.length * 4); // (# of coordinate values * 4 bytes per float)
bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
vertexBuffer = bb.asFloatBuffer();
vertexBuffer.put(squareCoords);
vertexBuffer.position(0);
// initialize byte buffer for the draw list
ByteBuffer dlb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(drawOrder.length * 2); // (# of coordinate values * 2 bytes per short)
dlb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
drawListBuffer = dlb.asShortBuffer();
drawListBuffer.put(drawOrder);
drawListBuffer.position(0);
int vertexShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexShaderCode);
int fragmentShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentShaderCode);
mProgram = GLES20.glCreateProgram(); // create empty OpenGL ES Program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, vertexShader); // add the vertex shader to program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, fragmentShader); // add the fragment shader to program
GLES20.glLinkProgram(mProgram); // creates OpenGL ES program executables
}
public static int loadShader(int type, String shaderCode){
// create a vertex shader type (GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
// or a fragment shader type (GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(type);
// add the source code to the shader and compile it
GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, shaderCode);
GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
return shader;
}
public void draw() {
// Add program to OpenGL ES environment
GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);
// get handle to vertex shader's vPosition member
int mPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition");
// Enable a handle to the triangle vertices
GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
// Prepare the triangle coordinate data
GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(mPositionHandle, COORDS_PER_VERTEX,
GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
vertexStride, vertexBuffer);
// get handle to fragment shader's vColor member
int mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "vColor");
// Set color for drawing the triangle
GLES20.glUniform4fv(mColorHandle, 1, color, 0);
// Draw the triangle
GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);
// Disable vertex array
GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
}
}
//=========================渲染器==========================//
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
public static String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
MyGLSurfaceView surface;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
getWindow().setFlags(
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN
);
surface = new MyGLSurfaceView(this);
setContentView(surface);
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
surface.onPause();
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
surface.onResume();
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceView extends GLSurfaceView {
MyGLSurfaceRenderer renderer;
public MyGLSurfaceView(Context context) {
super(context);
setEGLContextClientVersion(2);
renderer = new MyGLSurfaceRenderer(this);
setRenderer(renderer);
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
Square square = new Square();
public MyGLSurfaceRenderer(MyGLSurfaceView surface) {
}
@Override
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
square.draw();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
}
}
public class Square {
private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;
private ShortBuffer drawListBuffer;
// number of coordinates per vertex in this array
static final int COORDS_PER_VERTEX = 3;
static float squareCoords[] = { -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, // top left
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom left
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom right
0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f }; // top right
private short drawOrder[] = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3 }; // order to draw vertices
float color[] = { 0.63671875f, 0.76953125f, 0.22265625f, 1.0f };
private final String vertexShaderCode =
"attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_Position = vPosition;" +
"}";
private final String fragmentShaderCode =
"precision mediump float;" +
"uniform vec4 vColor;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_FragColor = vColor;" +
"}";
int mProgram;
static final int vertexStride = COORDS_PER_VERTEX * 4;
static final int vertexCount = 4;
public Square() {
// initialize vertex byte buffer for shape coordinates
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(squareCoords.length * 4); // (# of coordinate values * 4 bytes per float)
bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
vertexBuffer = bb.asFloatBuffer();
vertexBuffer.put(squareCoords);
vertexBuffer.position(0);
// initialize byte buffer for the draw list
ByteBuffer dlb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(drawOrder.length * 2); // (# of coordinate values * 2 bytes per short)
dlb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
drawListBuffer = dlb.asShortBuffer();
drawListBuffer.put(drawOrder);
drawListBuffer.position(0);
int vertexShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexShaderCode);
int fragmentShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentShaderCode);
mProgram = GLES20.glCreateProgram(); // create empty OpenGL ES Program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, vertexShader); // add the vertex shader to program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, fragmentShader); // add the fragment shader to program
GLES20.glLinkProgram(mProgram); // creates OpenGL ES program executables
}
public static int loadShader(int type, String shaderCode){
// create a vertex shader type (GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
// or a fragment shader type (GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(type);
// add the source code to the shader and compile it
GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, shaderCode);
GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
return shader;
}
public void draw() {
// Add program to OpenGL ES environment
GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);
// get handle to vertex shader's vPosition member
int mPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition");
// Enable a handle to the triangle vertices
GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
// Prepare the triangle coordinate data
GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(mPositionHandle, COORDS_PER_VERTEX,
GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
vertexStride, vertexBuffer);
// get handle to fragment shader's vColor member
int mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "vColor");
// Set color for drawing the triangle
GLES20.glUniform4fv(mColorHandle, 1, color, 0);
// Draw the triangle
GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);
// Disable vertex array
GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
}
}
//===============================广场========================//
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
public static String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
MyGLSurfaceView surface;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
getWindow().setFlags(
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN
);
surface = new MyGLSurfaceView(this);
setContentView(surface);
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
surface.onPause();
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
surface.onResume();
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceView extends GLSurfaceView {
MyGLSurfaceRenderer renderer;
public MyGLSurfaceView(Context context) {
super(context);
setEGLContextClientVersion(2);
renderer = new MyGLSurfaceRenderer(this);
setRenderer(renderer);
}
}
public class MyGLSurfaceRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
Square square = new Square();
public MyGLSurfaceRenderer(MyGLSurfaceView surface) {
}
@Override
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
square.draw();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
}
}
public class Square {
private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;
private ShortBuffer drawListBuffer;
// number of coordinates per vertex in this array
static final int COORDS_PER_VERTEX = 3;
static float squareCoords[] = { -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, // top left
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom left
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // bottom right
0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f }; // top right
private short drawOrder[] = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3 }; // order to draw vertices
float color[] = { 0.63671875f, 0.76953125f, 0.22265625f, 1.0f };
private final String vertexShaderCode =
"attribute vec4 vPosition;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_Position = vPosition;" +
"}";
private final String fragmentShaderCode =
"precision mediump float;" +
"uniform vec4 vColor;" +
"void main() {" +
" gl_FragColor = vColor;" +
"}";
int mProgram;
static final int vertexStride = COORDS_PER_VERTEX * 4;
static final int vertexCount = 4;
public Square() {
// initialize vertex byte buffer for shape coordinates
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(squareCoords.length * 4); // (# of coordinate values * 4 bytes per float)
bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
vertexBuffer = bb.asFloatBuffer();
vertexBuffer.put(squareCoords);
vertexBuffer.position(0);
// initialize byte buffer for the draw list
ByteBuffer dlb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(drawOrder.length * 2); // (# of coordinate values * 2 bytes per short)
dlb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
drawListBuffer = dlb.asShortBuffer();
drawListBuffer.put(drawOrder);
drawListBuffer.position(0);
int vertexShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexShaderCode);
int fragmentShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentShaderCode);
mProgram = GLES20.glCreateProgram(); // create empty OpenGL ES Program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, vertexShader); // add the vertex shader to program
GLES20.glAttachShader(mProgram, fragmentShader); // add the fragment shader to program
GLES20.glLinkProgram(mProgram); // creates OpenGL ES program executables
}
public static int loadShader(int type, String shaderCode){
// create a vertex shader type (GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
// or a fragment shader type (GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(type);
// add the source code to the shader and compile it
GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, shaderCode);
GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
return shader;
}
public void draw() {
// Add program to OpenGL ES environment
GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);
// get handle to vertex shader's vPosition member
int mPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "vPosition");
// Enable a handle to the triangle vertices
GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
// Prepare the triangle coordinate data
GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(mPositionHandle, COORDS_PER_VERTEX,
GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false,
vertexStride, vertexBuffer);
// get handle to fragment shader's vColor member
int mColorHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "vColor");
// Set color for drawing the triangle
GLES20.glUniform4fv(mColorHandle, 1, color, 0);
// Draw the triangle
GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexCount);
// Disable vertex array
GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(mPositionHandle);
}
}
问题可能出在这一行：
Square square = new Square();
因为它是在调用“setRenderer”之前初始化的。Square的构造函数调用了GLES20方法，这可能是导致问题的原因。尝试在调用“setRenderer（render）；”之后或在“onSurfaceCreated”方法中实例化它。Yep，这就是问题所在。谢谢