Awk-如何使用字符串打印变量_Awk

Awk-如何使用字符串打印变量

awk

Awk-如何使用字符串打印变量,awk,Awk,我有这个输入，我想学习如何在=to变量之后保存字符串，并将其用于输出文件名和以“#”开头的输出的第一行期望的输出，例如：姓名： Flux28错误内容： # FLUX 18262 2.458375368952875026e+06 -8.420548421860798386e-04 7.020812100561693928e-03 2.458375579737625085e+06 -5.579159672996818198e-03 1.285380720081348528e-03 2.4583

我有这个输入，我想学习如何在=to变量之后保存字符串，并将其用于输出文件名和以“#”开头的输出的第一行

期望的输出，例如：

姓名： Flux28错误

内容：

# FLUX 18262
2.458375368952875026e+06 -8.420548421860798386e-04 7.020812100561693928e-03
2.458375579737625085e+06 -5.579159672996818198e-03 1.285380720081348528e-03
2.458376278315599542e+06 -7.634101850411220518e-03 2.481065693991901019e-03
2.458376347386624664e+06 7.223482191697593166e-04 2.319993894372075760e-03
2.458376416108166799e+06 5.238757879614985152e-03 1.389030320490110878e-03
2.458376485913363751e+06 6.777606553373448882e-03 8.887787066666734273e-04
2.458377048675692175e+06 1.950435173388009522e-02 3.242344477396308117e-03
2.458377185153110884e+06 1.885754079806525874e-02 2.090836971653367571e-03

我有一个剧本：

awk '
/ROIysiz/{
second_out=$NF
}
/column2/{
close(out_file)
found=count=""
out_file=$NF second_out 
next
}
/end header/{
found=1
next
}
found && out_file{
if(++count==1){
print "#" $0 > (out_file)
}
else{
print > (out_file)
}
}
' inputname

这将提供一个文件FLUX28：

#2.458375368952875026e+06 -8.420548421860798386e-04 7.020812100561693928e-03
2.458375579737625085e+06 -5.579159672996818198e-03 1.285380720081348528e-03
2.458376278315599542e+06 -7.634101850411220518e-03 2.481065693991901019e-03
2.458376347386624664e+06 7.223482191697593166e-04 2.319993894372075760e-03
2.458376416108166799e+06 5.238757879614985152e-03 1.389030320490110878e-03
2.458376485913363751e+06 6.777606553373448882e-03 8.887787066666734273e-04
2.458377048675692175e+06 1.950435173388009522e-02 3.242344477396308117e-03
2.458377185153110884e+06 1.885754079806525874e-02 2.090836971653367571e-03

我想知道如何向文件名添加另一个字符串，以及如何打印输出的第一行：

# FLUX 18262

我试过：

awk '
/ROIysiz/{
second_out=$NF
}
/column 3/{
third_part=$NF
}
/column2/{
close(out_file)
found=count=""
out_file=$NF second_out third_part
next
}
/end header/{
found=1
next
}
found && out_file{
if(++count==1){
print "#" second_out third_part > (out_file)
}
else{
print > (out_file)
}
}
' inputname

提供输出文件名FLUX28并包含：

#28
2.458375579737625085e+06 -5.579159672996818198e-03 1.285380720081348528e-03
2.458376278315599542e+06 -7.634101850411220518e-03 2.481065693991901019e-03
2.458376347386624664e+06 7.223482191697593166e-04 2.319993894372075760e-03
2.458376416108166799e+06 5.238757879614985152e-03 1.389030320490110878e-03
2.458376485913363751e+06 6.777606553373448882e-03 8.887787066666734273e-04
2.458377048675692175e+06 1.950435173388009522e-02 3.242344477396308117e-03
2.458377185153110884e+06 1.885754079806525874e-02 2.090836971653367571e-03
2.458377252462999895e+06 2.159254025049928832e-02 2.315911471112144012e-03
2.458377462405352853e+06 1.721511461149537181e-02 1.687658552459528729e-03
2.458377602279778104e+06 1.744415665326638776e-02 3.041609691486800784e-03
2.458377956590285990e+06 8.597543276201942419e-03 3.490433838852374532e-03
2.458378025015166495e+06 6.127180820289755692e-03 2.437530774283428858e-03

为什么变量第三部分没有打印在输出文件名和第一行上？谢谢

请尝试以下内容。在第一行，这将添加

column2

line、

RedNumDa

line和hash的值，然后用新行打印实际行

awk '
/ROIysiz/{
  second_out=$NF
}
/RedNumDa/{
  first_line_value=$NF
}
/c column3/{
  third_part=$NF
}
/column2/{
  close(out_file)
  found=count=""
  first_part=$NF
  out_file=first_part second_out third_part
  next
}
/end header/{
  found=1
  next
}
found && out_file{
  if(++count==1){
    print "#" first_part OFS first_line_value ORS $0 > (out_file)
  }
  else{
    print > (out_file)
  }
}
' Input_file

解释：添加上述代码的详细解释

awk '                                              ##Starting awk program from here.
/ROIysiz/{                                         ##Checking condition if a line contains string ROIysiz then do following.
  second_out=$NF                                   ##Creating variable second_out for output file 2nd part.
}
/RedNumDa/{                                        ##Checking condition if line contains RedNumDa string in it.
  first_line_value=$NF                             ##Creating variable first_line_value for output file 1st part.
}
/c column3/{                                       ##Checking condition if line contains column 3 string in it.
  third_part=$NF                                   ##Creating variable third_part and setting its value to last field of current line.
}
/column2/{                                         ##Checking condition if line contains column2 string in it.
  close(out_file)                                  ##Closing out_file to avoid "too many files opened" error.
  found=count=""                                   ##Nullifying variable found here.
  first_part=$NF                                   ##Creating variable first_part which has last part of current line as value.
  out_file=first_part second_out third_part        ##Creating variable out_file which is having last field of current line and second_out variable value.
  next                                             ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
/end header/{                                      ##Checking condition if string end header is found then do following.
  found=1                                          ##Setting variable found to 1 here.
  next                                             ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
found && out_file{                                 ##Checking condition if found AND out_file is SET then do following.
  if(++count==1){                                  ##If count==1 then do following, to add # in starting of first line.
     print "#" first_part OFS first_line_value ORS $0 > (out_file)  ##Printing # and first_part OFS first_line_value ORS $0.
  }
  else{                                            ##Else if count is greater than 1 then do following.
    print > (out_file)                             ##Printing current line to out_file here.
  }
}
' Input_file                                       ##Mentioning Input_file name here.

你能试试下面的吗。在第一行，这将添加

column2

line、

RedNumDa

line和hash的值，然后用新行打印实际行

awk '
/ROIysiz/{
  second_out=$NF
}
/RedNumDa/{
  first_line_value=$NF
}
/c column3/{
  third_part=$NF
}
/column2/{
  close(out_file)
  found=count=""
  first_part=$NF
  out_file=first_part second_out third_part
  next
}
/end header/{
  found=1
  next
}
found && out_file{
  if(++count==1){
    print "#" first_part OFS first_line_value ORS $0 > (out_file)
  }
  else{
    print > (out_file)
  }
}
' Input_file

解释：添加上述代码的详细解释

awk '                                              ##Starting awk program from here.
/ROIysiz/{                                         ##Checking condition if a line contains string ROIysiz then do following.
  second_out=$NF                                   ##Creating variable second_out for output file 2nd part.
}
/RedNumDa/{                                        ##Checking condition if line contains RedNumDa string in it.
  first_line_value=$NF                             ##Creating variable first_line_value for output file 1st part.
}
/c column3/{                                       ##Checking condition if line contains column 3 string in it.
  third_part=$NF                                   ##Creating variable third_part and setting its value to last field of current line.
}
/column2/{                                         ##Checking condition if line contains column2 string in it.
  close(out_file)                                  ##Closing out_file to avoid "too many files opened" error.
  found=count=""                                   ##Nullifying variable found here.
  first_part=$NF                                   ##Creating variable first_part which has last part of current line as value.
  out_file=first_part second_out third_part        ##Creating variable out_file which is having last field of current line and second_out variable value.
  next                                             ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
/end header/{                                      ##Checking condition if string end header is found then do following.
  found=1                                          ##Setting variable found to 1 here.
  next                                             ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
found && out_file{                                 ##Checking condition if found AND out_file is SET then do following.
  if(++count==1){                                  ##If count==1 then do following, to add # in starting of first line.
     print "#" first_part OFS first_line_value ORS $0 > (out_file)  ##Printing # and first_part OFS first_line_value ORS $0.
  }
  else{                                            ##Else if count is greater than 1 then do following.
    print > (out_file)                             ##Printing current line to out_file here.
  }
}
' Input_file                                       ##Mentioning Input_file name here.

未经测试的代码如下：

/^c/ { X[$2] = $3 }
/^c end/ { outfile = X["column2="] X["ROIysiz="] X["column3="]
           print "#", X["column2="], X["RedNumDa="] > outfile }
!/^c/ { print $0 >> outfile }

编辑：现在测试代码：

$ cat x
c ROIysiz= 28
c column1= HJD
c RedNumDa= 18262
c column3= ERROR
c column2= FLUX
c end header ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.458375368952875026e+06 -8.420548421860798386e-04 7.020812100561693928e-03
2.458375579737625085e+06 -5.579159672996818198e-03 1.285380720081348528e-03
2.458376278315599542e+06 -7.634101850411220518e-03 2.481065693991901019e-03
2.458376347386624664e+06 7.223482191697593166e-04 2.319993894372075760e-03
2.458376416108166799e+06 5.238757879614985152e-03 1.389030320490110878e-03
2.458376485913363751e+06 6.777606553373448882e-03 8.887787066666734273e-04
2.458377048675692175e+06 1.950435173388009522e-02 3.242344477396308117e-03
2.458377185153110884e+06 1.885754079806525874e-02 2.090836971653367571e-03
$ awk '
/^c/ { X[$2] = $3 }
/^c end/ { outfile = X["column2="] X["ROIysiz="] X["column3="]
           print "#", X["column2="], X["RedNumDa="] > outfile }
!/^c/ { print $0 >> outfile }
' x
$ cat FLUX28ERROR
# FLUX 18262
2.458375368952875026e+06 -8.420548421860798386e-04 7.020812100561693928e-03
2.458375579737625085e+06 -5.579159672996818198e-03 1.285380720081348528e-03
2.458376278315599542e+06 -7.634101850411220518e-03 2.481065693991901019e-03
2.458376347386624664e+06 7.223482191697593166e-04 2.319993894372075760e-03
2.458376416108166799e+06 5.238757879614985152e-03 1.389030320490110878e-03
2.458376485913363751e+06 6.777606553373448882e-03 8.887787066666734273e-04
2.458377048675692175e+06 1.950435173388009522e-02 3.242344477396308117e-03
2.458377185153110884e+06 1.885754079806525874e-02 2.090836971653367571e-03

/^c/

模式中的第一行保存每个标题行（以字母

开头的行）。在

/^c end/

模式中，第二行和第三行使用字符串连接计算输出文件名，以连接不同的头值，然后以类似的方式写入输出文件的第一行，使用

，

运算符分隔字段。第四行，在

中/^c/

pattern，将每个非标题行（未更改）打印到输出文件中。关联数组

将每个标题键存储为其索引，并将关联值存储为其值。

未测试的代码如下：

/^c/ { X[$2] = $3 }
/^c end/ { outfile = X["column2="] X["ROIysiz="] X["column3="]
           print "#", X["column2="], X["RedNumDa="] > outfile }
!/^c/ { print $0 >> outfile }