Hash 对汽车的8位校验和进行反向工程

我正在尝试对汽车方向盘生成的CAN总线代码进行反向工程。我对一条信息感兴趣，这条信息包含了方向盘按钮被按下的信息。我已经为许多不同的车做了这些，但这辆车很特别（？） 我发现保存数据的消息的ID为0x3D4。因此，我多次记录了这个特定的消息，使用/不使用不同的方向盘按钮组合

汽车的工作方式（大多数情况下）是按下按钮时，一个位将从0切换到1。松开按钮后返回0。此邮件的DLC为8，因此可能有足够的空间容纳64个按钮。 现在，对于这辆车，他们使用了第二个字节的4位作为从0到F的计数器计数。第一个字节是导致问题的字节。我不明白它是怎么产生的。它似乎取决于其他字节的值，但不遵循标准CRC算法。。。它似乎也取决于字节的位置。。。按下汽车上的按钮将改变数据中的一位，然后改变第一个字节的值。如果我在不更改第一个字节的情况下向汽车生成一个假命令，汽车将不会对此作出反应

我想知道第一个字节是如何生成的，这样我就可以自己生成它了

数据链路连接器：8

CAN总线高速500kb/s

CA 0E 80 00 00 04 00 00    
1F 0F 80 00 00 04 00 00    
ED 00 80 00 00 04 00 00    
4A 01 81 00 00 04 00 00    
01 02 81 00 00 04 00 00    
4C 03 81 00 00 04 00 00    
DC 04 81 00 00 04 00 00    
37 05 81 00 00 04 00 00    
1E 06 81 00 00 04 00 00    
8B 07 80 00 00 04 00 00    
25 08 80 00 00 04 00 00   
70 09 80 00 00 04 00 00    
6B 0A 80 00 00 04 00 00    
9B 0B 81 00 00 04 00 00
BE 0C 81 00 00 04 00 00
41 0D 81 00 00 04 00 00    
3E 0E 81 00 00 04 00 00    
1F 0F 80 00 00 04 00 00    
ED 00 80 00 00 04 00 00    
BE 01 80 00 00 04 00 00    
F5 02 80 00 00 04 00 00    
B8 03 80 00 00 04 00 00

我还发现以下消息共享相同的第一个字节：

7F 2D 84 00 00 04 00 00
7F 07 81 00 00 04 00 00
7F 03 82 00 00 04 00 00

4C 03 81 00 00 04 00 00
4C 00 84 00 00 04 00 00
4C 07 82 00 00 04 00 00

BE 0C 81 00 00 04 00 00
BE 01 80 00 00 04 00 00
BE 0F 84 00 00 04 00 00
BE 23 88 00 00 04 00 00

更多数据：

70  09  80  00  00  04  00  00
6B  0A  80  00  00  04  00  00
9B  0B  81  00  00  04  00  00
BE  0C  81  00  00  04  00  00
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ED  00  80  00  00  04  00  00
BE  01  80  00  00  04  00  00
F5  02  80  00  00  04  00  00
B8  03  80  00  00  04  00  00
28  04  80  00  00  04  00  00
04  05  82  00  00  04  00  00
4B  06  84  00  00  04  00  00
2A  07  84  00  00  04  00  00
26  18  84  00  00  04  00  00
73  19  84  00  00  04  00  00
68  1A  84  00  00  04  00  00
6C  1B  84  00  00  04  00  00
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BE  0F  84  00  00  04  00  00
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20  26  84  00  00  04  00  00
41  27  84  00  00  04  00  00
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73  19  84  00  00  04  00  00
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19  2F  88  00  00  04  00  00
EB  20  88  00  00  04  00  00
B8  21  88  00  00  04  00  00
F3  22  88  00  00  04  00  00
BE  23  88  00  00  04  00  00
2E  24  88  00  00  04  00  00
C5  25  88  00  00  04  00  00
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8D  27  88  00  00  04  00  00
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CC  2E  88  00  00  04  00  00
72  0F  88  00  00  04  00  00
80  00  88  00  00  04  00  00
D3  01  88  00  00  04  00  00
98  02  88  00  00  04  00  00
D5  03  88  00  00  04  00  00
45  04  88  00  00  04  00  00
AE  05  88  00  00  04  00  00
4B  06  84  00  00  04  00  00
2A  07  84  00  00  04  00  00
E2  08  82  00  00  04  00  00
B7  09  82  00  00  04  00  00
AC  0A  82  00  00  04  00  00
A8  0B  82  00  00  04  00  00
8D  0C  82  00  00  04  00  00
72  0D  82  00  00  04  00  00
0D  0E  82  00  00  04  00  00
D8  0F  82  00  00  04  00  00
2A  00  82  00  00  04  00  00
79  01  82  00  00  04  00  00
32  02  82  00  00  04  00  00
7F  03  82  00  00  04  00  00
EF  04  82  00  00  04  00  00
04  05  82  00  00  04  00  00
2D  06  82  00  00  04  00  00
4C  07  82  00  00  04  00  00
E2  08  82  00  00  04  00  00
B7  09  82  00  00  04  00  00
AC  0A  82  00  00  04  00  00
A8  0B  82  00  00  04  00  00
8D  0C  82  00  00  04  00  00
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32  02  82  00  00  04  00  00
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EF  04  82  00  00  04  00  00
04  05  82  00  00  04  00  00
2D  06  82  00  00  04  00  00

在我尝试所有可用按钮时，记录了以下数据按钮的一些组合

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25  01  A0  00  00  04  00  00
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58  05  A0  00  00  04  00  00
71  06  A0  00  00  04  00  00
10  07  A0  00  00  04  00  00
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25  0C  A1  00  00  04  00  00
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A5  0E  A1  00  00  04  00  00
84  0F  A0  00  00  04  00  00
76  00  A0  00  00  04  00  00
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6E  02  A0  00  00  04  00  00
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9F  05  A2  00  00  04  00  00
D0  06  A4  00  00  04  00  00
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D3  08  A8  00  00  04  00  00
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5D  02  80  02  00  04  00  00
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F5  02  80  00  00  04  00  00
B8  03  80  00  00  04  00  00
28  04  80  00  00  04  00  00
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---

谢谢

如果您的目标是向汽车发送任意已知代码，一种简单的方法是使用映射存储所有有效的第一个字节，并相应地发送

如果您的目标是利用以前未使用的其他位（约5字节），那么很遗憾，从您提供的数据来看，这是不可能的。一个原因是，即使我们知道用于生成第一个字节的算法，我们也无法知道~40个当前未使用位的顺序

---

1字节值的空间很小，只有256个。对于要发送的任何代码，您可以使用不同的第一个字节尝试256次。如果有人做了什么，那很可能就是它。如果没有，那么该代码可能是完全无效的？

我可以说它不是什么。第一个字节不是CRC，也不是GF（2）上提供的剩余位的任何线性组合。它可能是以下位/字节的其他函数。

是什么让您认为第一个字节依赖于以下字节？你确定第一个字节是校验和吗？您能给我们一个您正在使用的Can总线文档的链接吗？如前所述，您的问题过于专业化，包含的信息不足以让我们猜测答案。请用相关信息更新您的问题。请尝试使用。@JimMischel-我添加了更多内容info@MarkAdler-谢谢，我会试试。我不相信第一个字节与其他七个字节有任何关系。在您展示的示例中，只有第一、第二和第三个字节不同。其他五个始终是

00 04 00

。您向我们展示了一些行，其中第一个字节相同，其他七个字节不同。除了第一个字节外，还有其他相同的行吗？我的目标是为任何可能的按钮组合生成适当的第一个字节。我想映射第一个字节，但是组合太多了，而且在不同的汽车表面上可能有不同数量的按钮（选项）。。。所以我可能会遗漏一些第一字节的值。如果一个钻头没有被汽车使用，我想让它不用。我需要找到用于查找第一个字节的算法，我猜不到。如果我发送了错误的第一个字节（甚至一次），汽车会向驾驶员抛出一个错误（不在信息中）。@Alex在我看来，除去第一个字节，只有19位（包括4位计数器）在变化。这将为您提供512k个组合。尝试归纳所有这些组合并记录代码是很费劲的，但一旦完成，512k就不是一个需要映射的大集合。@Alex OTOH，有很多算术上简单的代码是经典计算无法破解的。例如，第一个字节可能是一个大伽罗瓦域中某个基上剩余56位的8位离散对数。我同意该映射不是太大，但我宁愿让它在运行中计算。。。你认为这段代码不会被经典计算破坏吗？@Alex我不知道这段代码是否会被“破坏”，但我知道有一些散列方法可以确保找到x位映射的唯一方法是计算O（2^x）输入的结果。有鉴于此，您可以一直希望有人破解此代码，或者使用我提到的方法之一开始解决问题（1）枚举所有512k输入，或者（2）对于任何感兴趣的输入，尝试256个第一字节，看看哪一个不会产生错误。没错。我甚至试着加入0x3d4（消息ID）和0x08（DLC）的组合，但是没有用。。。