Java 使用Spring Mvc WebApplicationInitializer、ApplicationContextInitializer和ContextLoaderListener

我使用基于java的SpringMVC配置

我在WebApplicationInitializer实现中注册了Spring dispatcher servlet。 加载Spring应用程序上下文配置文件。Spring概要文件管理的逻辑在ApplicationContextInitializer实现中实现。而且效果很好

以下是原始文件的完整示例： WebApplicationInitializer

public class SpringMvcExampleWebApplicationInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

    private static final String DISPATCHER_SERVLET_NAME = "dispatcher";

    @Override
     public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        registerDispatcherServlet(servletContext);
        registerHiddenHttpMethodFilter(servletContext);
    }

    private void registerDispatcherServlet(final ServletContext servletContext) {
        WebApplicationContext dispatcherContext = createContext(WebMvcContextConfiguration.class, InfrastructureContextConfiguration.class);
        DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet = new DispatcherServlet(dispatcherContext);
        dispatcherServlet.setContextInitializers(new SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer());
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = servletContext.addServlet(DISPATCHER_SERVLET_NAME, dispatcherServlet);
        dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        dispatcher.addMapping("/");
    }

    private WebApplicationContext createContext(final Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        context.register(annotatedClasses);
        return context;
    }

    private void registerHiddenHttpMethodFilter(ServletContext servletContext) {
        FilterRegistration.Dynamic registration = servletContext.addFilter("hiddenHttpMethodFilter", HiddenHttpMethodFilter.class);
        registration.addMappingForServletNames(EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST, DispatcherType.FORWARD),
                false, DISPATCHER_SERVLET_NAME);
    }
}

public class SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {

    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx) {
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = ctx.getEnvironment();
        List<String> profiles = new ArrayList<String>(getProfiles());
        if( profiles == null || profiles.isEmpty() )
        {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Profiles have not been configured");
        }
        environment.setActiveProfiles(profiles.toArray( new String[0]));
    }

    //TODO add logic
    private Collection<String> getProfiles() {
        return Lists.newArrayList("file_based", "test_data");
    }
}

然后，我将Spring安全上下文配置添加到应用程序中。要使用它，必须加载

DelegatingFilterProxy

。我\n已更新配置：

@Override
 public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    configureServletContext( servletContext );
    registerListener(servletContext);
    registerDispatcherServlet(servletContext);
    ...
}

private void configureServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
    String initializerClasses = servletContext.getInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM);
    String profilesInitClassName = SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer.class.getName();
    if (StringUtils.hasText(initializerClasses)) {
        initializerClasses += " " + profilesInitClassName;
    }
    else {
        initializerClasses = profilesInitClassName;
    }
    servletContext.setInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM, initializerClasses);
}

添加了新方法并在启动时调用它：

private void registerSpringSecurityFilterChain(ServletContext servletContext) {
    FilterRegistration.Dynamic springSecurityFilterChain = servletContext.addFilter(
            BeanIds.SPRING_SECURITY_FILTER_CHAIN,
            new DelegatingFilterProxy());
    springSecurityFilterChain.addMappingForUrlPatterns(null, false, "/*");
}

@Override
 public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    ...
    registerDispatcherServlet(servletContext);
    ...
    registerSpringSecurityFilterChain(servletContext);
}

现在，当我尝试请求任何url时，我得到了错误：

message No WebApplicationContext found: no ContextLoaderListener registered?

description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.

exception

java.lang.IllegalStateException: No WebApplicationContext found: no ContextLoaderListener registered?
    org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:251)

好的，我添加了以下内容：

        private static final Class<?>[] configurationClasses = new Class<?>[]{
                WebMvcContextConfiguration.class, InfrastructureContextConfiguration.class};
    ...

private void registerListener(ServletContext servletContext) {
    WebApplicationContext rootContext = createContext(configurationClasses);
    servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));
}

错误已经消失了

但是现在没有加载所有依赖于Spring概要文件的bean。添加

ContextLoaderListener

已破坏

SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer

逻辑

No qualifying bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] found for dependency

我能做些什么来解决它？有什么想法吗

以下是完整更新的web初始值设定项类：

public class SpringMvcExampleWebApplicationInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

    private static final String DISPATCHER_SERVLET_NAME = "dispatcher";

    private static final Class<?>[] configurationClasses = new Class<?>[]{
            WebMvcContextConfiguration.class, InfrastructureContextConfiguration.class};


    @Override
     public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        registerListener(servletContext);
        registerDispatcherServlet(servletContext);
        registerHiddenHttpMethodFilter(servletContext);
        registerSpringSecurityFilterChain(servletContext);
    }

    private void registerSpringSecurityFilterChain(ServletContext servletContext) {
        FilterRegistration.Dynamic springSecurityFilterChain = servletContext.addFilter(
                BeanIds.SPRING_SECURITY_FILTER_CHAIN,
                new DelegatingFilterProxy());
        springSecurityFilterChain.addMappingForUrlPatterns(null, false, "/*");
    }

    private void registerDispatcherServlet(final ServletContext servletContext) {
        WebApplicationContext dispatcherContext = createContext(WebMvcContextConfiguration.class, InfrastructureContextConfiguration.class);
        DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet = new DispatcherServlet(dispatcherContext);
        dispatcherServlet.setContextInitializers(new SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer());
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = servletContext.addServlet(DISPATCHER_SERVLET_NAME, dispatcherServlet);
        dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        dispatcher.addMapping("/");
    }

    private WebApplicationContext createContext(final Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        context.register(annotatedClasses);
//        context.refresh();
        return context;
    }

    private void registerListener(ServletContext servletContext) {
        WebApplicationContext rootContext = createContext(configurationClasses);
        servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));
//        servletContext.addListener(new RequestContextListener());
    }

    private void registerHiddenHttpMethodFilter(ServletContext servletContext) {
        FilterRegistration.Dynamic registration = servletContext.addFilter("hiddenHttpMethodFilter", HiddenHttpMethodFilter.class);
        registration.addMappingForServletNames(EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST, DispatcherType.FORWARD),
                false, DISPATCHER_SERVLET_NAME);
    }
}

公共类SpringMvcExampleWebApplicationInitializer实现WebApplicationInitializer{
私有静态最终字符串DISPATCHER\u SERVLET\u NAME=“DISPATCHER”；
私有静态最终类[]配置类=新类[]{
WebMvcContextConfiguration.class，InfrastructureContextConfiguration.class}；
@凌驾
启动时公共void（ServletContext ServletContext）引发ServletException{
registerListener（servletContext）；
registerDispatcherServlet（servletContext）；
registerHiddenHttpMethodFilter（servletContext）；
registerSpringSecurityFilterChain（servletContext）；
}
私有无效注册表SpringSecurityFilterChain（ServletContext ServletContext）{
FilterRegistration.Dynamic springSecurityFilterChain=servletContext.addFilter(
BeanIds.SPRING\u SECURITY\u FILTER\u CHAIN，
新的DelegatingFilterProxy（））；
springSecurityFilterChain.addMappingForUrlPatterns（null，false，“/*”）；
}
私有无效注册表DispatcherServlet（最终ServletContext ServletContext）{
WebApplicationContext dispatcherContext=createContext（WebMvcContextConfiguration.class，InfrastructureContextConfiguration.class）；
DispatcherServlet DispatcherServlet=新DispatcherServlet（dispatcherContext）；
setContextInitializers（新的SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer（））；
ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher=servletContext.addServlet（dispatcher\u SERVLET\u名称，dispatcherServlet）；
dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup（1）；
dispatcher.addMapping（“/”）；
}
私有WebApplicationContext createContext（最终类…AnnotatedClass）{
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext上下文=新的AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext（）；
上下文。寄存器（带注释的类）；
//context.refresh（）；
返回上下文；
}
私有无效注册表列表器（ServletContext ServletContext）{
WebApplicationContext rootContext=createContext（配置类）；
addListener（新的ContextLoaderListener（rootContext））；
//addListener（新的RequestContextListener（））；
}
私有无效注册表HiddenHttpMethodFilter（ServletContext ServletContext）{
FilterRegistration.Dynamic registration=servletContext.addFilter（“hiddenHttpMethodFilter”，hiddenHttpMethodFilter.class）；
registration.addMappingForServletNames（EnumSet.of（DispatcherType.REQUEST，DispatcherType.FORWARD），
false，DISPATCHER_SERVLET_NAME）；
}
}

根据M.Deinum的建议，我将配置文件初始值设置为

ServletContext

，而不是将其设置为

DispatcherServlet

。以下是更新的配置：

@Override
 public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    configureServletContext( servletContext );
    registerListener(servletContext);
    registerDispatcherServlet(servletContext);
    ...
}

private void configureServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
    String initializerClasses = servletContext.getInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM);
    String profilesInitClassName = SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer.class.getName();
    if (StringUtils.hasText(initializerClasses)) {
        initializerClasses += " " + profilesInitClassName;
    }
    else {
        initializerClasses = profilesInitClassName;
    }
    servletContext.setInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM, initializerClasses);
}

---

请发布完整的

springmvcexampleprofilesinializer

，并指定哪个

@Configuration

类包含配置文件，哪个

@Configuration

类具有

ApplicationContextInitializer

。您的问题是，所有内容都要加载两次，并且只在上指定初始值设定项

DispatcherServlet

，而不在

ContextLoaderListener

上。您应该在

ContextLoaderListener

加载常规内容（服务、DAO、基础设施等）和

DispatcherServlet

仅加载与web相关的内容（控制器、查看者等）的位置拆分配置。@SotiriosDelimanolis，我已经更新了question@M.Deinum,我尝试仅在DispatcherServlet中加载web配置，而InfrastructureContextConfiguration仅通过ContextLoaderListener加载。但问题是InfrastructureContextConfiguration使用配置文件。它们仅通过SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer for web dispatcher servlet激活。结果，我得到了相同的错误：（数据源bean没有加载。正如前面提到的，您只在

ContextLoaderListener

上指定了

SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer

。您通过上下文参数为

ContextLoaderListener

指定它（您可以直接在

ServletContext

上设置）。实际上您需要两者。

ServletContext

中的一个由

ContextLoaderListener

使用，而另一个由

DispatcherSevlet

使用。

@Override
 public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    configureServletContext( servletContext );
    registerListener(servletContext);
    registerDispatcherServlet(servletContext);
    ...
}

private void configureServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
    String initializerClasses = servletContext.getInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM);
    String profilesInitClassName = SpringMvcExampleProfilesInitializer.class.getName();
    if (StringUtils.hasText(initializerClasses)) {
        initializerClasses += " " + profilesInitClassName;
    }
    else {
        initializerClasses = profilesInitClassName;
    }
    servletContext.setInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM, initializerClasses);
}