Java BubbleSort、QuickSort中的计数比较
我试图正确计算每个算法的比较次数，但我认为我没有将计数器放在正确的位置 SortsMain是测试客户端Java BubbleSort、QuickSort中的计数比较,java,big-o,Java,Big O,我试图正确计算每个算法的比较次数，但我认为我没有将计数器放在正确的位置 SortsMain是测试客户端 public class SortsMain { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); Random ranNum = new Random(); System.out.println("Enter size of Array: ");
public class SortsMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
Random ranNum = new Random();
System.out.println("Enter size of Array: ");
int sizeOfArray = scan.nextInt();
Comparable array[] = new Comparable[sizeOfArray];
System.out.println("Size of Array is: " + sizeOfArray);
System.out.println("Unsorted array: ");
for (int a = 0; a < sizeOfArray; a++) {
array[a] = ranNum.nextInt(2147483647);
System.out.print(array[a] + ", ");
}
System.out.println("Press 1 to use Bubble Sort");
System.out.println("Press 2 to use Quick Sort");
int typeOfSortChoice = scan.nextInt();
//bubble sort
if (typeOfSortChoice == 1) {
SortsClass.bubbleSort(array, sizeOfArray);
//6 numbers = 15 comparisons (5+4+3+2+1)
//comparisons = (n*(n-1)/2)
}
//quick sort
if (typeOfSortChoice == 2) {
SortsClass.quickSort(array, 0, array.length - 1);
}
/*for (int a = 0; a < sizeOfArray; a++){
System.out.println(array[a]);
}*/
System.out.print(Arrays.toString(array) + '\n');
System.out.println();
}
}
// The file contains 5 static methods for sorting arrays of Comparable items
// It will compile with warnings about unchecked exceptions
public class SortsClass {
static int comparisonCounter = 0;
static int comparisonCounter2 = 0;
//Comparable[] theArray = new Comparable[theArray.length];
public static void selectionSort(Comparable[] theArray, int n)
// ---------------------------------------------------
// Sorts the items in an array into ascending order.
// Precondition: theArray is an array of n items.
// Postcondition: theArray is sorted into
// ascending order.
// Calls: indexOfLargest.
// ---------------------------------------------------
// last = index of the last item in the subarray of
// items yet to be sorted
// largest = index of the largest item found
{
for (int last = n - 1; last >= 1; last--) {
// Invariant: theArray[last+1..n-1] is sorted
// and > theArray[0..last]
// select largest item in theArray[0..last]
int largest = indexOfLargest(theArray, last + 1);
// swap largest item theArray[largest] with
// theArray[last]
Comparable temp = theArray[largest];
theArray[largest] = theArray[last];
theArray[last] = temp;
} // end for
} // end selectionSort
/*******************************************************************************/
private static int indexOfLargest(Comparable[] theArray, int size)
// ---------------------------------------------------
// Finds the largest item in an array.
// Precondition: theArray is an array of size items;
// size >= 1.
// Postcondition: Returns the index of the largest
// item in the array.
// ---------------------------------------------------
{
int indexSoFar = 0; // index of largest item found so far
// Invariant: theArray[indexSoFar]>=theArray[0..currIndex-1]
for (int currIndex = 1; currIndex < size; ++currIndex) {
if (theArray[currIndex].compareTo(theArray[indexSoFar]) > 0) {
indexSoFar = currIndex;
} // end if
} // end for
return indexSoFar; // index of largest item
} // end indexOfLargest
/*************************
* Dumb Bubble
********************************/
public static void bubbleSort(Comparable[] theArray, int n)
// ---------------------------------------------------
// Sorts the items in an array into ascending order.
// Precondition: theArray is an array of n items.
// Postcondition: theArray is sorted into ascending
// order.
// ---------------------------------------------------
{
boolean sorted = false; // false when swaps occur
for (int pass = 1; (pass < n) && !sorted; ++pass) {
// Invariant: theArray[n+1-pass..n-1] is sorted
// and > theArray[0..n-pass]
sorted = true; // assume sorted
for (int index = 0; index < n - pass; ++index) {
comparisonCounter++;
// Invariant: theArray[0..index-1] <= theArray[index]
int nextIndex = index + 1;
if (theArray[index].compareTo(theArray[nextIndex]) > 0) {
// exchange items
Comparable temp = theArray[index];
theArray[index] = theArray[nextIndex];
theArray[nextIndex] = temp;
sorted = false; // signal exchange
} // end if
//System.out.println(theArray[index]);
} // end for
// Assertion: theArray[0..n-pass-1] < theArray[n-pass]
} // end for
System.out.println("Number of Comparisons made: " + comparisonCounter);
for (int i = 0; i < theArray.length; i++) {
System.out.println(theArray[i]);
}
} // end bubbleSort
/*******************************************************************************/
public static void insertionSort(Comparable[] theArray, int n)
// ---------------------------------------------------
// Sorts the items in an array into ascending order.
// Precondition: theArray is an array of n items.
// Postcondition: theArray is sorted into ascending
// order.
// ---------------------------------------------------
// unsorted = first index of the unsorted region,
// loc = index of insertion in the sorted region,
// nextItem = next item in the unsorted region
// initially, sorted region is theArray[0],
// unsorted region is theArray[1..n-1];
{
for (int unsorted = 1; unsorted < n; ++unsorted) {
// Invariant: theArray[0..unsorted-1] is sorted
// find the right position (loc) in
// theArray[0..unsorted] for theArray[unsorted],
// which is the first item in the unsorted
// region; shift, if necessary, to make room
Comparable nextItem = theArray[unsorted];
int loc = unsorted;
while ((loc > 0) && (theArray[loc - 1].compareTo(nextItem) > 0)) {
// shift theArray[loc-1] to the right
theArray[loc] = theArray[loc - 1];
loc--;
} // end while
// insert nextItem into sorted region
theArray[loc] = nextItem;
} // end for
} // end insertionSort
/**************************************************************************************/
private static void merge(Comparable[] theArray, int first, int mid, int last)
// ---------------------------------------------------------
// Merges two sorted array segments theArray[first..mid] and
// theArray[mid+1..last] into one sorted array.
// Precondition: first <= mid <= last. The subarrays
// theArray[first..mid] and theArray[mid+1..last] are
// each sorted in increasing order.
// Postcondition: theArray[first..last] is sorted.
// Implementation note: This method merges the two
// subarrays into a temporary array and copies the result
// into the original array anArray.
// ---------------------------------------------------------
{
int maxSize = theArray.length;
// temporary array
Comparable[] tempArray = new Comparable[maxSize];
// initialize the local indexes to indicate the subarrays
int first1 = first; // beginning of first subarray
int last1 = mid; // end of first subarray
int first2 = mid + 1; // beginning of second subarray
int last2 = last; // end of second subarray
// while both subarrays are not empty, copy the
// smaller item into the temporary array
int index = first1; // next available location in
// tempArray
while ((first1 <= last1) && (first2 <= last2)) {
// Invariant: tempArray[first1..index-1] is in order
if (theArray[first1].compareTo(theArray[first2]) < 0) {
tempArray[index] = theArray[first1];
first1++;
} else {
tempArray[index] = theArray[first2];
first2++;
} // end if
index++;
} // end while
// finish off the nonempty subarray
// finish off the first subarray, if necessary
while (first1 <= last1) {
// Invariant: tempArray[first1..index-1] is in order
tempArray[index] = theArray[first1];
first1++;
index++;
} // end while
// finish off the second subarray, if necessary
while (first2 <= last2) {
// Invariant: tempArray[first1..index-1] is in order
tempArray[index] = theArray[first2];
first2++;
index++;
} // end while
// copy the result back into the original array
for (index = first; index <= last; ++index) {
theArray[index] = tempArray[index];
} // end for
} // end merge
/**************************************************************************/
public static void mergesort(Comparable[] theArray, int first, int last)
// ---------------------------------------------------------
// Sorts the items in an array into ascending order.
// Precondition: theArray[first..last] is an array.
// Postcondition: theArray[first..last] is sorted in
// ascending order.
// Calls: merge.
// ---------------------------------------------------------
{
if (first < last) {
// sort each half
int mid = (first + last) / 2; // index of midpoint
// sort left half theArray[first..mid]
mergesort(theArray, first, mid);
// sort right half theArray[mid+1..last]
mergesort(theArray, mid + 1, last);
// merge the two halves
merge(theArray, first, mid, last);
} // end if
} // end mergesort
/*******************************************************************************/
private static void choosePivot(Comparable[] theArray, int first, int last)
// ---------------------------------------------------------
// Chooses a pivot for quicksort's partition algorithm and
// swaps it with the first item in an array.
// Precondition: theArray[first..last] is an array;
// first <= last.
// Postcondition: theArray[first] is the pivot.
// ---------------------------------------------------------
{
//Technically you don't have to do anything here. It's not
// a great way to do it, but it will work! If you want to
// use a technique from the book, you can.
} // end choosePivot
/******************************************************************************/
private static int partition(Comparable[] theArray, int first, int last)
// ---------------------------------------------------------
// Partitions an array for quicksort.
// Precondition: theArray[first..last] is an array;
// first <= last.
// Postcondition: Returns the index of the pivot element of
// theArray[first..last]. Upon completion of the method,
// this will be the index value lastS1 such that
// S1 = theArray[first..lastS1-1] < pivot
// theArray[lastS1] == pivot
// S2 = theArray[lastS1+1..last] >= pivot
// Calls: choosePivot.
// ---------------------------------------------------------
// tempItem is used to swap elements in the array
{
Comparable tempItem;
// place pivot in theArray[first]
choosePivot(theArray, first, last);
Comparable pivot = theArray[first]; // reference pivot
// initially, everything but pivot is in unknown
int lastS1 = first; // index of last item in S1
// move one item at a time until unknown region is empty
for (int firstUnknown = first + 1; firstUnknown <= last; ++firstUnknown) {
// Invariant: theArray[first+1..lastS1] < pivot
// move item from unknown to proper region
if (theArray[firstUnknown].compareTo(pivot) < 0) {
// item from unknown belongs in S1
++lastS1;
tempItem = theArray[firstUnknown];
theArray[firstUnknown] = theArray[lastS1];
theArray[lastS1] = tempItem;
comparisonCounter2++;
} // end if
// else item from unknown belongs in S2
} // end for
// place pivot in proper position and mark its location
tempItem = theArray[first];
theArray[first] = theArray[lastS1];
theArray[lastS1] = tempItem;
return lastS1;
} // end partition
/***********************************************************************/
public static void quickSort(Comparable[] theArray, int first, int last) {
// ---------------------------------------------------------
// Sorts the items in an array into ascending order.
// Precondition: theArray[first..last] is an array.
// Postcondition: theArray[first..last] is sorted.
// Calls: partition.
// ---------------------------------------------------------
int pivotIndex;
if (first < last) {
// create the partition: S1, Pivot, S2
pivotIndex = partition(theArray, first, last);
// sort regions S1 and S2
quickSort(theArray, first, pivotIndex - 1);
quickSort(theArray, pivotIndex + 1, last);
} // end if
} // end quickSort
} // end SortsClass
for (int firstUnknown = first + 1; firstUnknown <= last; ++firstUnknown) {
if (theArray[firstUnknown].compareTo(pivot) < 0) {
++lastS1;
tempItem = theArray[firstUnknown];
theArray[firstUnknown] = theArray[lastS1];
theArray[lastS1] = tempItem;
}
comparisonCounter2++; //move outside of if statement
System.out.println(comparisonCounter2);
}
我如何将计数器的值打印到System.in，而不陷入递归循环？@ejk23不太清楚您的意思。我编辑了答案，加入了一份打印声明。这能满足您的要求吗？它能满足您的要求，但它应该只有1个输出，即比较的数量。相反，它打印，例如2,1,2,3Two实际上是选择算法的数目。对，但是System.out.print语句打印2,1,2,3作为比较的数目
Enter size of Array:
3
Size of Array is: 3
Unsorted array:
210357065, 1990514425, 960664583, Press 1 to use Bubble Sort
Press 2 to use Quick Sort
2
1
2
3
[210357065, 960664583, 1990514425]