Java Android OpenGL ES 2.0 VBO

我花了几天时间试图让VBO使用OpenGLES2.0在Android上工作，但我似乎无法让它工作

以下是我正在使用的代码：

/* The Android shader code */
private static final String[] androidVertexShaderCode = new String[] {
        "attribute vec4 vertexPosition;",
        "void main() {",
        "  gl_Position = vertexPosition;",
        "}" };

private static final String[] androidFragmentShaderCode = new String[] {
        "precision mediump float;",
        "uniform vec4 colour;",
        "void main() {",
        "  gl_FragColor = colour;",
        "}" };

/* The Android shader */
public Shader androidShader;

/* The constructor with the render mode and the 
 * number of vertex values given */
public AndroidRenderer(int renderMode, int vertexValuesCount) {
    super(renderMode, vertexValuesCount);
    //Add this renderer to the list
    allRenderers.add(this);
    usage = GLES20.GL_STATIC_DRAW;
    //Setup the Android shader
    this.androidShader = new AndroidShader();
    this.androidShader.vertexShader = ShaderUtils.createShader(ArrayUtils.toStringList(androidVertexShaderCode), Shader.VERTEX_SHADER);
    this.androidShader.fragmentShader = ShaderUtils.createShader(ArrayUtils.toStringList(androidFragmentShaderCode), Shader.FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    this.androidShader.create();
}

/* The method used to setup the buffers,
 * assumes the vertices have already been set */
public void setupBuffers() {
    //Create the vertices buffer
    this.verticesBuffer = BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer(this.verticesData);
    int[] vh = new int[1];
    GLES20.glGenBuffers(1, vh, 0);
    //Setup the vertices handle
    this.verticesHandle = vh[0];

    //Bind the vertices buffer and give OpenGL the data
    GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.verticesHandle);
    GLES20.glBufferData(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, Float.BYTES * verticesData.length, this.verticesBuffer, this.usage);
    GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

    //Check to see whether the normals have been set
    if (this.normalsData != null) {
        //Create the normals buffer
        this.normalsBuffer = BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer(this.normalsData);
        int[] nh = new int[1];
        GLES20.glGenBuffers(1, nh, 0);
        //Setup the normals handle
        this.normalsHandle = nh[0];

        //Bind the normals buffer and give OpenGL the data
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.normalsHandle);
        GLES20.glBufferData(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, Float.BYTES * verticesData.length, this.normalsBuffer, this.usage);
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    }

    //Check to see whether the colours have been set
    if (this.colourData!= null) {
        //Create the colours buffer
        this.coloursBuffer = BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer(this.colourData);
        int[] ch = new int[1];
        GLES20.glGenBuffers(1, ch, 0);
        //Setup the colours handle
        this.coloursHandle = ch[0];

        //Bind the colours buffer and give OpenGL the data
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.coloursHandle);
        GLES20.glBufferData(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, Float.BYTES * colourData.length, this.coloursBuffer, this.usage);
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    }

    //Check to see whether the texture coordinates have been set
    if (this.textureData != null) {
        //Create the texture coordinates buffer
        this.texturesBuffer = BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer(this.textureData);
        int[] th = new int[1];
        GLES20.glGenBuffers(1, th, 0);
        //Setup the texture coordinates handle
        this.texturesHandle = th[0];

        //Bind the texture coordinates buffer and give OpenGL the data
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.texturesHandle);
        GLES20.glBufferData(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, Float.BYTES * textureData.length, this.texturesBuffer, this.usage);
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    }
}

/* The method used to draw the object */
public void render() {
    this.androidShader.use();
    short[] indices = new short[this.verticesData.length];
    for (short a = 0; a < indices.length; a++)
        indices[a] = a;
    ShortBuffer indicesBuffer = BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer(indices);
    //Enable the arrays as needed
    int vertexPositionAttribute = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(this.androidShader.program, "vertexPosition");
    int normalAttribute = 0;
    int colourAttribute = 0;
    int texturesAttribute = 0;
    GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(vertexPositionAttribute);
    GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.verticesHandle);
    GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(vertexPositionAttribute, this.vertexValuesCount, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
    if (this.normalsData != null) {
        GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(normalAttribute);
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.normalsHandle);
        GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(normalAttribute, 2, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
    }
    if (this.colourData != null) {
        colourAttribute = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(this.androidShader.program, "colour");
        Log.d("HELLO", "" + colourAttribute);
        GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(colourAttribute);
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.coloursHandle);
        GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(colourAttribute, this.colourValuesCount, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
    }
    if (this.textureData != null) {
        GLES20.glBindBuffer(GLES20.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.texturesHandle);
        GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(texturesAttribute);
        GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(texturesAttribute, this.textureValuesCount, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
    }
    //Draw the arrays
    GLES20.glDrawElements(this.renderMode, indices.length, GLES20.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indicesBuffer);
    //Disable the arrays as needed
    if (this.normalsData != null)
        GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(normalAttribute);
    if (this.textureData != null)
        GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(texturesAttribute);
    if (this.colourData != null)
        GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(colourAttribute);
    GLES20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(vertexPositionAttribute);
    this.androidShader.stopUsing();
}

/*Android着色器代码*/
私有静态最终字符串[]androidVertexShaderCode=新字符串[]{
“属性向量4；”，
“void main（）{”，
“gl_位置=垂直方向；”，
"}" };
私有静态最终字符串[]androidFragmentShaderCode=新字符串[]{
“精密中泵浮动；”，
“统一的vec4颜色；”，
“void main（）{”，
“gl_FragColor=颜色；”，
"}" };
/*Android着色器*/
公共着色器和着色器；
/*具有呈现模式和
*给定的顶点值数*/
public AndroidRenderer（内部渲染模式、内部顶点值）{
超级（renderMode、vertexValuesCount）；
//将此渲染器添加到列表中
添加（此）；
用法=GLES20.GL\u静态\u绘图；
//设置Android着色器
this.androidShader=新的androidShader（）；
this.androidShader.vertexShader=ShaderUtils.createShader（ArrayUtils.toStringList（androidVertexShaderCode），Shader.VERTEX_Shader）；
this.androidShader.fragmentShader=ShaderUtils.createShader（ArrayUtils.toStringList（androidFragmentShaderCode），Shader.FRAGMENT_Shader）；
this.androidShader.create（）；
}
/*用于设置缓冲区的方法，
*假设已设置顶点*/
公共无效设置缓冲区（）{
//创建顶点缓冲区
this.verticesBuffer=BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer（this.verticesData）；
int[]vh=新int[1]；
GLES20.glGenBuffers（1，vh，0）；
//设置顶点控制柄
this.verticesHandle=vh[0]；
//绑定顶点缓冲区并向OpenGL提供数据
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，this.verticesHandle）；
GLES20.glBufferData（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，Float.BYTES*verticesData.length，this.verticesBuffer，this.usage）；
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，0）；
//检查以查看是否已设置法线
如果（this.normalsData！=null）{
//创建法线缓冲区
this.normalsBuffer=BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer（this.normalsData）；
int[]nh=新的int[1]；
GLES20.glGenBuffers（1，nh，0）；
//设置法线控制柄
this.normalsHandle=nh[0]；
//绑定法线缓冲区并向OpenGL提供数据
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，this.normalsHandle）；
GLES20.glBufferData（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，Float.BYTES*verticesData.length，this.normalsBuffer，this.usage）；
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，0）；
}
//检查颜色是否已设置好
if（this.colordata！=null）{
//创建颜色缓冲区
this.colorsbuffer=BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer（this.colorData）；
int[]ch=新的int[1]；
GLES20.glGenBuffers（1，ch，0）；
//设置颜色手柄
this.colorshandle=ch[0]；
//绑定颜色缓冲区并向OpenGL提供数据
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，this.colorshandle）；
GLES20.glBufferData（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，Float.BYTES*colordata.length，this.colorsbuffer，this.usage）；
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，0）；
}
//检查纹理坐标是否已设置
如果（this.textureData！=null）{
//创建纹理坐标缓冲区
this.texturesBuffer=BufferUtils.createFlippedBuffer（this.textureData）；
int[]th=新的int[1]；
GLES20.glGenBuffers（1，th，0）；
//设置纹理坐标控制柄
this.texturesHandle=th[0]；
//绑定纹理坐标缓冲区并向OpenGL提供数据
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，this.texturesHandle）；
GLES20.glBufferData（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，Float.BYTES*textureData.length，this.texturesBuffer，this.usage）；
GLES20.glBindBuffer（GLES20.GL_数组_BUFFER，0）；
}
}
/*用于绘制对象的方法*/
公共无效呈现（）{
this.androidShader.use（）；
short[]index=新的short[this.verticesData.length]；
对于（短a=0；aGLES20.glVertexAttribPointer(colourAttribute, this.colourValuesCount, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, **0**, 0);

gl_FragColor = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);

glDrawElements(.. , ..) 

glDrawArrays(.., .., )