Linux 防止应用程序执行的警告向VSO输出错误

我有一个pwsh任务，它作为psake

exec

的一部分执行

apt install

。

apt install

似乎会抛出一个警告，使其进入管道输出流，无论我如何尝试捕获它：

“警告：apt没有稳定的CLI界面。请在脚本中小心使用”

##[debug]已处理：##vso[task.issue type=error；]%0AWARNING:apt没有稳定的CLI接口。在脚本中小心使用。%0A%0A

我已经将它包装在一个try-catch中，设置

退出0

，但没有任何效果。我做错了什么，还没有想到，或者是我还没有意识到的其他问题

注意：我希望pwsh任务在大多数标准错误上失败，但显然不是警告，尤其是对于成功的代码

PowerShell

if ($IsLinux) {

    Exec {
        try {
            Write-Host 'Executing apt install on Linux...'
            sudo apt install nuget
            Exit 0
        } catch {
            Exit 0
        }
    }

}...

管道任务

steps:
- pwsh: |
        if ($null -eq (Get-Module -Name psake -listAvailable)) {
          Install-Module psake -AcceptLicense -Force
        }
        Import-Module psake
        Invoke-psake ./build/tasks.ps1 -taskList Test
        exit ([int](-not $psake.build_success))
  displayName: Execute Unit Tests and Build Package
  failOnStderr: true
  name: Build_and_Test

相关日志输出

Executing Init
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Installing package 'PSDepend'                                                      Downloaded 0.00 MB out of 0.07 MB.                                              [                                                                    ]                                                                                                                                                                       Installing package 'PSDepend'                                                      Unzipping                                                                       [ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo                     ]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Installing package 'BuildHelpers'                                                  Downloaded 0.00 MB out of 0.08 MB.                                              [                                                                    ]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Installing package 'Pester'                                                        Downloaded 0.00 MB out of 0.85 MB.                                              [                                                                    ]                                                                                                                                                                       Installing package 'Pester'                                                        Downloaded 0.09 MB out of 0.85 MB.                                              [oooo                                                                ]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Executing Clean
Executing Build

    Directory: /home/vsts/work/1/s

Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----            3/6/20  3:39 PM                dist
Checking for NuGet install...
NuGet not installed, installing...
Executing apt install on Linux...

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  bc dns-root-data dnsmasq-base ebtables grub-pc-bin landscape-common
  liblldb-6.0 liblldb-8 liblxc-common liblxc1 libuv1 linux-headers-4.15.0-88
  lxcfs lxd lxd-client python3-attr python3-automat python3-click
  python3-colorama python3-constantly python3-hyperlink python3-incremental
  python3-pam python3-pyasn1 python3-pyasn1-modules python3-service-identity
  python3-twisted python3-twisted-bin python3-zope.interface uidmap xdelta3
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  nuget
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 11 not upgraded.
Need to get 1307 kB of archives.
After this operation, 5826 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 https://download.mono-project.com/repo/ubuntu stable-bionic/main amd64 nuget all 5.5.0.6319.bin-0xamarin1+ubuntu1804b1 [1307 kB]

Fetched 1307 kB in 0s (12.1 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package nuget.
(Reading database ... 
(Reading database ... 5%
(Reading database ... 10%
(Reading database ... 15%
(Reading database ... 20%
(Reading database ... 25%
(Reading database ... 30%
(Reading database ... 35%
(Reading database ... 40%
(Reading database ... 45%
(Reading database ... 50%
(Reading database ... 55%
(Reading database ... 60%
(Reading database ... 65%
(Reading database ... 70%
(Reading database ... 75%
(Reading database ... 80%
(Reading database ... 85%
(Reading database ... 90%
(Reading database ... 95%
(Reading database ... 100%
(Reading database ... 267481 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../nuget_5.5.0.6319.bin-0xamarin1+ubuntu1804b1_all.deb ...
Unpacking nuget (5.5.0.6319.bin-0xamarin1+ubuntu1804b1) ...
Setting up nuget (5.5.0.6319.bin-0xamarin1+ubuntu1804b1) ...

##[debug]Exit code 0 received from tool '/usr/bin/pwsh'
##[debug]STDIO streams have closed for tool '/usr/bin/pwsh'
##[debug]task result: Failed
##[error]PowerShell wrote one or more lines to the standard error stream.
##[debug]Processed: ##vso[task.issue type=error;]PowerShell wrote one or more lines to the standard error stream.
##[debug]Processed: ##vso[task.complete result=Failed;]PowerShell wrote one or more lines to the standard error stream.
##[error]
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

##[debug]Processed: ##vso[task.issue type=error;]%0AWARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.%0A%0A
Finishing: Execute Unit Tests and Build Package

---

代理Windows-2019存在一个已知问题，Windows-2019代理上安装的powershell会将警告消息写入错误流，并返回1作为退出代码，这会导致任务失败

有关更多信息，请查看此报告中的类似问题。您可以加入该线程，也可以为此案例打开一个新问题

如上所述，您可以尝试使用AzurePipelines/windows-2016代理或设置

ErrorActionPreference=Continue

作为解决方法

如果您使用的是内部代理。您还可以尝试在本地代理计算机上手动升级powershell版本

更新：

我进行了测试，如果failOnStderr设置为false，脚本将成功运行。 如果failOnStderr为false，则任务将依赖退出代码来确定失败。否则，如果将任何错误写入错误管道，或者将任何数据写入标准错误流，则此任务将失败

由于问题是由powershell将警告写入错误流引起的，因此可以通过向脚本添加2>&1来重定向输出流

sudo apt install nuget 2>&1

---

看一看

apt

是为最终用户（人类）设计的，其输出可能会在不同版本之间更改。这就是我学到的。实际上，我已经从使用apt切换到使用apt get，但留下了一个问题，因为我仍然想了解如何在PowerShell/pipeline中处理这样的输出。这是一个Linux托管的agentHi@RobbVandaveer，这是安装在代理上的当前版本PowerShell的问题。我进行了测试，如果

failOnStderr

设置为

false

，脚本将成功运行。您还可以使用'2>&1'重定向powershell错误流。请查看以上更新，了解您的回复。我认为这两种解决方案中的任何一种都存在一个问题，即如果发生实际错误，管道不会失败。这是正确的语句吗？否，如果failOnStderr设置为false，任务将依赖退出代码来确定失败。否则，如果将任何错误写入错误管道，或者将任何数据写入标准错误流，则此任务将失败。而

sudo apt install nuget 2>&1

只会重定向此命令的输出流，它不会影响其他脚本。