Macos 我的目标与brew的库动态链接。如何捆绑分发？

我建立了一个音频插件。我的目标是

.app

和

.component

我动态链接brew安装的库，

libfluidSync

我将

libfluidSync

复制到

.app

/

.component

我使用

install\u name\u tool

将二进制文件重新链接到绑定的

libfluidSync

libfluidSync

依赖于

glib

，

gthread

，

intl

我将这些库复制到捆绑包中，重新链接

libfluidSync

，以选择捆绑副本。
我也对这些库及其依赖项做了同样的处理

下面让我们快速浏览一下它的外观：

ls /Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/Frameworks
    libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib
    libglib-2.0.0.dylib
    libgthread-2.0.0.dylib
    libintl.8.dylib
    libpcre.1.dylib

otool -L \
/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin \
/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/Frameworks/* \
| grep -vE '\t(/System/Library|/usr/lib)'

/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin:
    @executable_path/../Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.7.1)
/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.7.1)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/git/juicysfplugin/Builds/MacOSX/build/Release/juicysfplugin.app/Contents/Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)

这对

.app

非常有效。在这里，查看打开的文件（

opensnoop | grep'dylib'

）：

.app

仅在其捆绑框架文件夹中查找DYLIB。太好了

然后，我在我的

.component

目标上进行了相同的复制和重新链接这不起作用。

我将

.component

加载到音频插件主机中，并检查文件是否打开：

EXECNAME     PATH
Plugin Host  /Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin
Plugin Host  /usr/local/lib/libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib
Plugin Host  /usr/local/opt/glib/lib/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib
Plugin Host  /usr/local/opt/glib/lib/libglib-2.0.0.dylib
Plugin Host  /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib
Plugin Host  /usr/local/opt/pcre/lib/libpcre.1.dylib

它正在

/usr/local

下查找库。为什么？作为一项健康检查，我使用了

otool

来确认我确实正确链接了：

otool -L \
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin \
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/* \
| grep -vE '\t(/System/Library|/usr/lib)'

/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin:
    @executable_path/../Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.7.1)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.7.1)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)

我想我把它连接正确了。我使用了完全相同的脚本（它是自动化和参数化的）我做错了什么？音频插件主机如何知道在

/usr/local

下查找依赖项？为什么我的库链接被忽略？

我已将二进制文件发布到：

我的重新链接脚本如下：

使用

.app

和

.component

目标的主要区别是：

• .app

  是独立的

• .component

  是一个音频单元插件，您可以将其加载到DAW/音频插件主机中

因此，当一个父进程负责加载我们的可执行文件时，运行时依赖项解析可能是不同的

macOS加载时间链接记录在

问题是，我告诉我的二进制文件查找与

@executable\u path

相关的库

这对于.app很好，因为.app的二进制文件是可执行文件

但是对于我的.vst和.component插件，二进制文件被加载到另一个可执行文件中：音频插件主机

因此，如果我们想查找与二进制文件相关的库（

juicysfplugin.component/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin

），我们需要使用

@loader\u path

，而不是

@executable\u path

---

现在，让我们来看看其他的谜团……为什么加载时链接器忽略了我的安装路径（

@executable\u path/。/Frameworks/libfluidSync.1.7.1.dylib

），而在

/usr/local/lib/libfluidSync.1.7.1.dylib

下寻找find fluidSync

这是因为

DYLD\u FALLBACK\u LIBRARY\u PATH

它用作安装路径中找不到的库的默认位置。默认情况下，它设置为

$（HOME）/lib:/usr/local/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

我认为在安装路径中查找库失败。然后，它在几个目录下查找叶文件名--

libfluidSync.1.7.1.dylib

，其中包括

/usr/local/lib

（成功）

为什么我没有在opensnoop中看到失败的文件查找？可能它使用的系统调用与

open

/

open\u nocancel

/

open\u extended

不同。例如，在文件上运行

stat

不会显示在opensnoop中

加载时间链接也可能由

dyld

过程完成。SIP将不允许将DTrace附加到此进程

otool -L \
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin \
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/* \
| grep -vE '\t(/System/Library|/usr/lib)'

/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/MacOS/juicysfplugin:
    @executable_path/../Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.7.1)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.7.1.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libfluidsynth.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.7.1)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libgthread-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libglib-2.0.0.dylib (compatibility version 5401.0.0, current version 5401.3.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libintl.8.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.5.0)
/Users/me/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/juicysfplugin.component/Contents/Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib:
    @loader_path/../Frameworks/libpcre.1.dylib (compatibility version 4.0.0, current version 4.9.0)