Maven 使用spring上下文的javax.persistence依赖项错误

我正在使用SpringDataJPA开发一个应用程序。应用程序的启动和运行没有任何问题，但当我想使用spring上下文编写单元测试时，似乎由于JPA1依赖关系而产生了依赖冲突，这似乎是由spring上下文（由spring web、spring webmvc、spring data jpa提供）带来的

这是我的测试（不应该相关，我提供代码以防万一）：

我知道PersistenceUnit来自以下jar： javax.persistence-persistence-api-1.0.2.jar-M2_REPO/javax/persistence/persistence-api/1.0.2-/home/user/.M2/repository/javax/persistence/persistence-api/1.0.2.jar-软件仪表板

我尝试使用以下方法排除spring web、spring webmvc、spring data jpa中的jar：

    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>

javax.persistence
持久性api

但这并没有奏效

最后，我尝试从类路径手动删除jar，但得到了一个NullPointerException。在手动将其放回后，我再次得到上一个异常

我对这个问题的理解正确吗？如果是这样，那么正确的“maven之路”是什么

谢谢

---

Harald

你的依赖关系树让我害怕可能根本不正确

org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-servlet_3.0_spec:jar:1.0:compile

可能应该提供作用域

org.springframework:spring-test:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile

和

org.mockito:mockito-all:jar:1.9.5:compile

应该有范围测试。log4j绑定可能应该具有作用域运行时等。在任何maven类路径中都看不到有任何持久性api。您的eclipse设置和纯maven设置之间可能存在差异，这与它所寻找的hibernate验证器版本有关。我怀疑类路径上有不兼容的版本

01-08-2014 15:13:19 ERROR TestContextManager:334 - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@30848636] to prepare test instance [com.company.dashboard.core.services.archiving.ContextServiceTest@4c875c1c]  
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext  
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:101)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:331)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:213)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290)  
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:292)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:233)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:87)  
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)  
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)  
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)  
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)  
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)  
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:176)  
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)  
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)  
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)  
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)  
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)  
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)  
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'exceptionTranslation' defined in class com.company.dashboard.config.PersistenceJPAConfig: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class com.company.dashboard.config.PersistenceJPAConfig: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo.getValidationMode()Ljavax/persistence/ValidationMode;  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:547)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:200)  
    at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:220)  
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:618)  
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:467)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:125)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:250)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64)  
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)  
    ... 25 more  
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class com.company.dashboard.config.PersistenceJPAConfig: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo.getValidationMode()Ljavax/persistence/ValidationMode;  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:200)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:470)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(BeanFactoryUtils.java:277)  
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.detectPersistenceExceptionTranslators(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)  
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:79)  
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.java:71)  
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.setBeanFactory(PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.java:84)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1572)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1540)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)  
    ... 39 more  
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo.getValidationMode()Ljavax/persistence/ValidationMode;  
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.PersistenceUnitInfoDescriptor.getValidationMode(PersistenceUnitInfoDescriptor.java:99)  
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.mergePropertySources(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:567)  
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:212)  
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.spi.Bootstrap.getEntityManagerFactoryBuilder(Bootstrap.java:51)  
    at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.getEntityManagerFactoryBuilder(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:182)  
    at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.getEntityManagerFactoryBuilder(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:177)  
    at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:152)  
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:290)  
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:310)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1549)  
    ... 54 more  

[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:tree (default-cli) @ software-dashboard ---  
[INFO] com.company:software-dashboard:war:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT  
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  \- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.3:compile  
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile  
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-jpa:jar:1.6.2.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-commons:jar:1.8.2.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-orm:jar:3.2.10.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:3.2.10.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:3.2.10.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.aspectj:aspectjrt:jar:1.8.1:compile  
[INFO] |  \- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.7:compile  
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:4.0.6.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] +- org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:jar:2.13:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-plugin-api:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.maven.surefire:maven-surefire-common:jar:2.13:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.maven.surefire:surefire-booter:jar:2.13:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-artifact:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-utils:jar:1.5.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-plugin-descriptor:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-container-default:jar:1.0-alpha-9-stable-1:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-project:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-settings:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-profile:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-artifact-manager:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.apache.maven:maven-plugin-registry:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-model:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.maven:maven-core:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |     +- org.apache.maven:maven-plugin-parameter-documenter:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |     +- org.apache.maven.reporting:maven-reporting-api:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |     +- org.apache.maven.wagon:wagon-provider-api:jar:1.0-beta-2:compile  
[INFO] |  |     +- org.apache.maven:maven-repository-metadata:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |     +- org.apache.maven:maven-error-diagnostics:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |     +- org.apache.maven:maven-monitor:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  |     \- classworlds:classworlds:jar:1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.maven.surefire:surefire-api:jar:2.13:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.maven:maven-toolchain:jar:2.0.9:compile  
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.maven.plugin-tools:maven-plugin-annotations:jar:3.2:compile  
[INFO] +- javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:jar:3.1.0:compile  
[INFO] +- com.oracle:ojdbc7:jar:12.1.0.1:compile  
[INFO] +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile  
[INFO] +- org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:jar:4.3.6.Final:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.3.GA:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging-annotations:jar:1.2.0.Beta1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:4.3.6.Final:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.7:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- org.jboss:jandex:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile  
[INFO] |  +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate.common:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:4.0.5.Final:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.jboss.spec.javax.transaction:jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile  
[INFO] |  \- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.18.1-GA:compile  
[INFO] +- com.company.software.kernel:API_RMI:jar:4.7.1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- com.company.software.kernel:API_OBJECTS:jar:4.7.1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- com.company.software.kernel:AUTHENT:jar:4.7.1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- com.company.software.kernel:LDAP:jar:4.7.1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- com.company.software:ACM_TOOLBOX:jar:1.2.2-SNAPSHOT:compile  
[INFO] |  |     \- log4j:log4j:jar:1.2.15:compile  
[INFO] |  |        +- javax.mail:mail:jar:1.4:compile  
[INFO] |  |        |  \- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |        +- javax.jms:jms:jar:1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |        +- com.sun.jdmk:jmxtools:jar:1.2.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |        \- com.sun.jmx:jmxri:jar:1.2.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- com.company.software.kernel:DB:jar:4.7.1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- proxool:proxool:jar:0.9.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- com.jolbox:bonecp:jar:0.7.1.RELEASE:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  \- com.google.guava:guava:jar:r08:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:jar:1.6.4:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- commons-dbcp:commons-dbcp:jar:1.3:compile  
[INFO] |  |  |  \- commons-pool:commons-pool:jar:1.5.4:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- javax.ejb:ejb-api:jar:3.0:runtime  
[INFO] |  |  +- net.sourceforge.jtds:jtds:jar:1.2.5:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- mysql:mysql-connector-java:jar:5.1.10:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- ojdbc:ojdbc:jar:14:compile  
[INFO] |  +- com.company.software.kernel:GLOBAL:jar:4.7.1.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.cxf:cxf-bundle:jar:2.4.0:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.ws.xmlschema:xmlschema-core:jar:2.0:compile  
[INFO] |  |  +- wsdl4j:wsdl4j:jar:1.6.2:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.neethi:neethi:jar:3.0.0:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-servlet_3.0_spec:jar:1.0:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-jaxws_2.2_spec:jar:1.0:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-ws-metadata_2.0_spec:jar:1.1.3:compile  
[INFO] |  +- org.jasig.cas.client:cas-client-core:jar:3.2.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- com.unboundid:unboundid-ldapsdk:jar:2.3.1:runtime  
[INFO] |  \- javax.xml.bind:jaxb-api:jar:2.2.1:compile  
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.7:compile  
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.0:compile  
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:jar:2.0:compile  
[INFO] +- net.sf.dozer:dozer:jar:5.5.1:compile  
[INFO] |  +- commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils:jar:1.9.1:compile  
[INFO] |  |  \- commons-collections:commons-collections:jar:3.2.1:compile  
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:jar:3.2.1:compile  
[INFO] +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.4.0:compile  
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.4.0:compile  
[INFO] |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.4.0:compile  
[INFO] +- javassist:javassist:jar:3.12.1.GA:compile  
[INFO] +- proxool:cglib:jar:0.9.1:provided  
[INFO] +- org.mockito:mockito-all:jar:1.9.5:compile  
[INFO] +- org.testng:testng:jar:6.8.8:test  
[INFO] |  +- org.beanshell:bsh:jar:2.0b4:test  
[INFO] |  \- com.beust:jcommander:jar:1.27:test  
[INFO] \- junit:junit:jar:4.11:test  
[INFO]    \- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test  

    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>