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Python 2.7 &引用；类型错误：'；规则'；“对象不可编辑”；在python中创建.aspx页面

python-2.7 selenium web-crawler

Python 2.7 &引用；类型错误：'；规则'；“对象不可编辑”；在python中创建.aspx页面,python-2.7,selenium,web-crawler,Python 2.7,Selenium,Web Crawler,我正在使用以下代码刮取此网站（）；但是，请获取以下TypeError： “文件”C:\Users\Anaconda2\lib\site packages\scrapy\contrib\spiders\crawl.py”，第83行，在编译规则中 self.\u rules=[copy.copy（r）代表self.rules中的r] TypeError:“规则”对象不可编辑 我没有在第83行写任何代码，因此，想知道是否有人对如何解决这个问题有想法？我正在Windows中使用Python 2.7 谢谢

我正在使用以下代码刮取此网站（）；但是，请获取以下TypeError：

“文件”C:\Users\Anaconda2\lib\site packages\scrapy\contrib\spiders\crawl.py”，第83行，在编译规则中 self.\u rules=[copy.copy（r）代表self.rules中的r] TypeError:“规则”对象不可编辑

我没有在第83行写任何代码，因此，想知道是否有人对如何解决这个问题有想法？我正在Windows中使用Python 2.7

谢谢

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import scrapy
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector


class MdiMassSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = "MdiMass"
    allowed_domains = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx"]
    start_urls = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1"]
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=(".*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*,"))),)
    # all pages to scrape follow the same: http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=1311
    #PhysicianID=XXXX

    def __init__(self):
        CrawlSpider.__init__(self)
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    #def __del__(self):
    #   self.selenium.quit()
    #   print self.verificationErrors

    def parse(self, response):
        self.driver.get('http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1')


    def parse(self):
        select = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_cmbDistance\"]"))
        print select.options
        print [o.text for o in select.options]
        select.select_by_visible_text("15")

        zip = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtZip\"]")
        zip.send_keys("02109")

        prim_care_chekbox = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SpecialtyGroupsCheckbox_6\"]")
        prim_care_chekbox.click()

        find_phy_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_btnSearch\"]")
        find_phy_button.click()

        for sel in response.xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a"):
            item = MdiMassItem()
            item["phy_name"] = sel.xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/p[1]").extract() 
            item["lic_status"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/a[1]").extract()
            item["lic_issue_date"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[2]").extract()
            item["prim_worksetting"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[2]").extract()
            item["npi"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Med_sch_grad_date"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[3]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Area_of_speciality"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[4]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]").extract()
            item["link"] =  driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a").extract()
            print item
编辑的代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import scrapy
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector


class MdiMassSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = "MdiMass"
    allowed_domains = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx"]
    start_urls = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1"]

    rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=(".*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*"))),)
    # all pages to scrape follow the same: http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=1311
    #PhysicianID=XXXX

    def __init__(self):
        CrawlSpider.__init__(self)
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get('http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1')

    def parse(self, response):
        driver = self.driver
        select = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_cmbDistance\"]"))
        print select.options
        print [o.text for o in select.options]
        select.select_by_visible_text("15")

        zip = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtZip\"]")
        zip.send_keys("02109")

        prim_care_chekbox = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SpecialtyGroupsCheckbox_6\"]")
        prim_care_chekbox.click()

        find_phy_button = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_btnSearch\"]")
        find_phy_button.click()

        for sel in response.xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a"):
            item = MdiMassItem()
            item["phy_name"] = sel.xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/p[1]").extract() 
            item["lic_status"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/a[1]").extract()
            item["lic_issue_date"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[2]").extract()
            item["prim_worksetting"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[2]").extract()
            item["npi"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Med_sch_grad_date"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[3]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Area_of_speciality"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[4]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]").extract()
            item["link"] =  driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a").extract()
            print item

C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass>scrapy crawl MdiMass -o items.csv
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 0.24.4 started (bot: MdiMass)
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11, boto
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings: {'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'MdiMass.spiders', 'FEED_FORMAT': 'csv', 'SPIDER_M
ODULES': ['MdiMass.spiders'], 'FEED_URI': 'items.csv', 'BOT_NAME': 'MdiMass'}
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled extensions: FeedExporter, LogStats, TelnetConsole, CloseSpider, WebService, CoreStat
s, SpiderState
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: HttpAuthMiddleware, DownloadTimeoutMiddleware, UserAgentMidd
leware, RetryMiddleware, DefaultHeadersMiddleware, MetaRefreshMiddleware, HttpCompressionMiddleware, RedirectMiddleware, CookiesMidd
leware, ChunkedTransferMiddleware, DownloaderStats
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: HttpErrorMiddleware, OffsiteMiddleware, RefererMiddleware, UrlLe
ngthMiddleware, DepthMiddleware
C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled item pipelines: CsvWriterPipeline
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Spider opened
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] DEBUG: Web service listening on 127.0.0.1:6080
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] DEBUG: Redirecting (302) to <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.as
px> from <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1>
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx> (re
ferer: None)
[<selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B210>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at
0x0493B0B0>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B1F0>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElemen
t object at 0x0493B110>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B150>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webeleme
nt.WebElement object at 0x0493B170>]
[u'', u'5', u'10', u'15', u'30', u'50']
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
        {'downloader/request_bytes': 575,
         'downloader/request_count': 2,
         'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 2,
         'downloader/response_bytes': 19312,
         'downloader/response_count': 2,
         'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
         'downloader/response_status_count/302': 1,
         'finish_reason': 'finished',
         'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 2, 26, 6, 11, 50, 150000),
         'log_count/DEBUG': 4,
         'log_count/INFO': 7,
         'response_received_count': 1,
         'scheduler/dequeued': 2,
         'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 2,
         'scheduler/enqueued': 2,
         'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 2,
         'start_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 2, 26, 6, 11, 49, 134000)}
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Spider closed (finished)
Python日志消息：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import scrapy
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector


class MdiMassSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = "MdiMass"
    allowed_domains = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx"]
    start_urls = ["http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1"]

    rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=(".*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*"))),)
    # all pages to scrape follow the same: http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=1311
    #PhysicianID=XXXX

    def __init__(self):
        CrawlSpider.__init__(self)
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get('http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1')

    def parse(self, response):
        driver = self.driver
        select = Select(self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_cmbDistance\"]"))
        print select.options
        print [o.text for o in select.options]
        select.select_by_visible_text("15")

        zip = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_txtZip\"]")
        zip.send_keys("02109")

        prim_care_chekbox = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SpecialtyGroupsCheckbox_6\"]")
        prim_care_chekbox.click()

        find_phy_button = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_btnSearch\"]")
        find_phy_button.click()

        for sel in response.xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a"):
            item = MdiMassItem()
            item["phy_name"] = sel.xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/p[1]").extract() 
            item["lic_status"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/a[1]").extract()
            item["lic_issue_date"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[3]/td[2]").extract()
            item["prim_worksetting"] = driver.find.elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[5]/td[2]").extract()
            item["npi"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[2]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]/table/tbody/tr[6]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Med_sch_grad_date"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[3]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]").extract()
            item["Area_of_speciality"] = driver.find_elements_by_xpaths("//*[@id=\"content\"]/center/table[4]/tbody/tr[3]/td/table/tbody/tr/td[2]").extract()
            item["link"] =  driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"PhysicianSearchResultGrid\"]/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/a").extract()
            print item

C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass>scrapy crawl MdiMass -o items.csv
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 0.24.4 started (bot: MdiMass)
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11, boto
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings: {'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'MdiMass.spiders', 'FEED_FORMAT': 'csv', 'SPIDER_M
ODULES': ['MdiMass.spiders'], 'FEED_URI': 'items.csv', 'BOT_NAME': 'MdiMass'}
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled extensions: FeedExporter, LogStats, TelnetConsole, CloseSpider, WebService, CoreStat
s, SpiderState
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares: HttpAuthMiddleware, DownloadTimeoutMiddleware, UserAgentMidd
leware, RetryMiddleware, DefaultHeadersMiddleware, MetaRefreshMiddleware, HttpCompressionMiddleware, RedirectMiddleware, CookiesMidd
leware, ChunkedTransferMiddleware, DownloaderStats
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares: HttpErrorMiddleware, OffsiteMiddleware, RefererMiddleware, UrlLe
ngthMiddleware, DepthMiddleware
C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] INFO: Enabled item pipelines: CsvWriterPipeline
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Spider opened
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [scrapy] DEBUG: Web service listening on 127.0.0.1:6080
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] DEBUG: Redirecting (302) to <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.as
px> from <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/ChooseAPhysician.aspx?Page=1>
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500 [MdiMass] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/FindAPhysician.aspx> (re
ferer: None)
[<selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B210>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at
0x0493B0B0>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B1F0>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElemen
t object at 0x0493B110>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement object at 0x0493B150>, <selenium.webdriver.remote.webeleme
nt.WebElement object at 0x0493B170>]
[u'', u'5', u'10', u'15', u'30', u'50']
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
        {'downloader/request_bytes': 575,
         'downloader/request_count': 2,
         'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 2,
         'downloader/response_bytes': 19312,
         'downloader/response_count': 2,
         'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
         'downloader/response_status_count/302': 1,
         'finish_reason': 'finished',
         'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 2, 26, 6, 11, 50, 150000),
         'log_count/DEBUG': 4,
         'log_count/INFO': 7,
         'response_received_count': 1,
         'scheduler/dequeued': 2,
         'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 2,
         'scheduler/enqueued': 2,
         'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 2,
         'start_time': datetime.datetime(2015, 2, 26, 6, 11, 49, 134000)}
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500 [MdiMass] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass>scrapy crawl MdiMass-o items.csv
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500[scrapy]信息：scrapy 0.24.4已启动（机器人：MdiMass）
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500[scrapy]信息：可选功能：ssl、http11、boto
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500[scrapy]信息：覆盖的设置：{'NEWSPIDER_模块'：'MdiMass.SPIDER'，'FEED_FORMAT'：'csv'，'SPIDER_M'
ODULES'：['mdimas.spider']，'FEED_URI'：'items.csv'，'BOT_NAME'：'MdiMass'}
2015-02-26 01:11:47-0500[scrapy]信息：启用的扩展：FeedExporter、LogStats、TelnetConsole、CloseSpider、WebService、CoreStat
s、 蜘蛛状态
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[scrapy]信息：启用的下载程序中间件：HttpAuthMiddleware、DownloadTimeoutMiddleware、UserAgentMidd
leware、RetryMiddleware、DefaultHeadersMiddleware、MetaRefreshMiddleware、HttpCompressionMiddleware、RedirectMiddleware、CookiesMiddle
leware、ChunkedTransfermiddle软件、DownloaderStats
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[scrapy]信息：启用的蜘蛛中间件：HttpErrorMiddleware、OffsiteMiddleware、RefererMiddleware、UrlLe
数据中间件，DepthMiddleware
C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[scrapy]信息：启用的项目管道：CsvWriterPipeline
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[MdiMass]信息：十字轴已打开
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[MdiMass]信息：爬网0页（以0页/分钟的速度），刮取0项（以0项/分钟的速度）
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[scrapy]调试：Telnet控制台监听127.0.0.1:6023
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[scrapy]调试：在127.0.0.1:6080上侦听Web服务
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[MdiMass]调试：重定向（302）到
2015-02-26 01:11:49-0500[MdiMass]调试：爬网（200）（重新
推荐人：无）
[, , , ]
[u'，u'5'，u'10'，u'15'，u'30'，u'50']
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500[MdiMass]信息：关闭卡盘（已完成）
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500[MdiMass]信息：倾倒碎屑统计数据：
{'downloader/request_bytes'：575，
“下载程序/请求计数”：2，
“下载器/请求\方法\计数/获取”：2，
“downloader/response_bytes”：19312，
“下载程序/响应计数”：2，
“下载程序/响应状态\计数/200”：1，
“下载程序/响应状态\计数/302”：1，
“完成原因”：“完成”，
“完成时间”：datetime.datetime（2015,2,26,6,11,50,150000），
“日志计数/调试”：4，
“日志计数/信息”：7，
“响应\u已接收\u计数”：1，
“调度程序/出列”：2，
“调度程序/出列/内存”：2，
“调度程序/排队”：2，
“调度程序/排队/内存”：2，
“开始时间”：datetime.datetime（2015,2,26,6,11,49134000）}
2015-02-26 01:11:50-0500[MdiMass]信息：十字轴关闭（已完成）
问题在下面一行

rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor (allow=(" 
.*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*,"
))))
你漏掉了一个逗号。正确的代码是：

rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("
.*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*"
))),)
通过这一修正，你使这条规则变得易懂了

这里迭代器的良好定义：（）

python中的迭代器对象符合迭代器协议，这基本上意味着它们提供了两种方法：
\uu iter\uu（）
和
next（）

\uuu iter\uu
返回迭代器对象，并在循环开始时隐式调用

next（）
方法返回下一个值，并在每次循环增量时隐式调用。
next（）
在没有更多值可返回时引发StopIteration异常，该异常由循环构造隐式捕获以停止迭代。

问题在下面一行

rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor (allow=(" 
.*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*,"
))))
你漏掉了一个逗号。正确的代码是：

rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("
.*http://profiles.ehs.state.ma.us/Profiles/Pages/PhysicianProfile.aspx?PhysicianID=.*"
))),)
通过这一修正，你使这条规则变得易懂了

这里迭代器的良好定义：（）

python中的迭代器对象符合迭代器协议，这基本上意味着它们提供了两种方法：
\uu iter\uu（）
和
next（）

\uuu iter\uu
返回迭代器对象，并在循环开始时隐式调用

next（）
方法返回下一个值，并在每次循环增量时隐式调用。
next（）
在没有更多值可返回时引发StopIteration异常，该异常由循环构造隐式捕获以停止迭代。

感谢您的修复思路和全面的解释！我做了更改（保存了更改），重新运行了代码，但仍然收到以下错误。我甚至试过去掉“rules=（Rule）（LinkExtractor（allow=”）*http://....)))有什么想法吗？：C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass>scrapy crawl MdiMass回溯（最近一次调用）：“文件”C:\Users\Anaconda2\lib\site packages\scrapy\contrib\spiders\crawl.py”，第83行，在compi le\u规则self中。\u规则=[copy.copy（r）for r in self.rules]TypeError:“Rule”对象不可编辑答案中的代码显然已过测试。我将再次检查您的错误消息更新：您是正确的abt.“Rule=…），）。”编辑。它解决了“TypeError！”谢谢！我必须重新启动，但现在收到一个不同的错误（关于管道）：文件“C:\Users\Anaconda2\MdiMass\MdiMass\pipelines.py”，第15行self.csvwriter.writerow（[item['phy\u name']0]，item['lic\u status']0]，item['lic\u issue\u date']0]，item['npi']0]，item['Med\u schu grad\u date']0]，item['Area\u of\u specifications']0]，item['link']0]）