Python scipy&x2B;(基于numpy.distutils)setup.py+;ctypes:未定义的符号 简介
作为我先前问题的后续行动,我仍然试图:Python scipy&x2B;(基于numpy.distutils)setup.py+;ctypes:未定义的符号 简介,python,c++,numpy,scipy,shared-libraries,Python,C++,Numpy,Scipy,Shared Libraries,作为我先前问题的后续行动,我仍然试图: 向scipy的一个模块添加新功能(例如,scipy.optimize) 基于C++的代码 它定义了要调用的接口函数 通过scipy/optimize中的setup.py自动设置 代码合并 为了保持简单,假设我们得到了以下(愚蠢且)简单的C++代码: extern "C" void hallo() { int a = 0; } 在这里,我们使用extern关键字来处理名称损坏 我们在scipy.optimize中引入了新的文件和文件夹: s
- 向scipy的一个模块添加新功能(例如,
)scipy.optimize
- 基于C++的代码
- 它定义了要调用的接口函数
- 通过
中的scipy/optimize
自动设置setup.py
extern "C" void hallo()
{
int a = 0;
}
在这里,我们使用extern
关键字来处理名称损坏
我们在scipy.optimize中引入了新的文件和文件夹:
scipy/optimize/__init__py
scipy/optimize/lbfgsb/...
scipy/optimize/lbfgsb.py
...
scipy/optimize/_mylib/README.md # new
scipy/optimize/_mylib/LICENSE # new
scipy/optimize/_mylib/src/debug.cpp # new
scipy/optimize/mylib.py # new
设置准备
我们在scipy/optimize/setup.py
中准备模块设置:
from __future__ import division, print_function, absolute_import
from os.path import join
from scipy._build_utils import numpy_nodepr_api
def configuration(parent_package='',top_path=None):
from numpy.distutils.misc_util import Configuration
from numpy.distutils.system_info import get_info
config = Configuration('optimize',parent_package, top_path)
# MODIFICATION START
# OTHER EXTENSIONS OMITTED
# INSPIRED BY scipy.spatial: ckdtree/src & setup.py
mylib_src = ['debug.cpp']
mylib_src = [join('_mylib', 'src', x) for x in mylib_src]
mylib_headers = []
mylib_headers = [join('_mylib', 'src', x) for x in mylib_headers]
mylib_dep = mylib_headers + mylib_src
config.add_extension('_mylib',
sources=mylib_src,
depends=mylib_dep,
include_dirs=[join('_mylib', 'src')])
# MODIFICATION END
return config
if __name__ == '__main__':
from numpy.distutils.core import setup
setup(**configuration(top_path='').todict())
运行scipy安装
使用以下各项立即安装scipy(从基本目录):
我们将在scipy/optimize/
中看到这些共享库:
_lbfgsb.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
...
_mylib.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
让我们尝试使用它/查看scipy/optimize/mylib.py
如另一幅图所示,我们可以使用(我们在scipy/optimize/mylib.py
)获取lib,并获取我们想要使用的函数:
import scipy as scp
import numpy.ctypeslib as ctl
lib = ctl.load_library('_mylib', scp.optimize.__file__)
myfunc = lib.hallo
现在问题来了:此操作失败,原因是:
AttributeError: /.../_mylib.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: undefined symbol: hallo
每只手试一试:
import ctypes
lib = ctypes.CDLL('full path to above so')
myfun = lib.hallo
也失败了
但是,检查(在我的linux操作系统上):nm——仅定义了_mylib.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu。因此
输出:
...
...
0000000000000530 t hallo
...
应该没问题。(免责声明:我绝对不知道有关C++链接的任何知识)。strong>编辑:可能不好。参见下文关于t与t
的观察
手动操作:这很有效
转到scipy/optimize/_mylib/src
:
g++ -shared -fPIC debug.cpp -o mylib.so
紧随其后的是nm——仅定义了mylib。因此
显示了相同的函数,但一些t
变成了t
...
...
0000000000000600 T hallo
...
也许这就是原因,还有一些相关的一般性问题
如前所述,这项工作:
# in src
import numpy.ctypeslib as ctl
lib = ctl.load_library('mylib.so', '.')
lib.hallo
# < FuncPtr object at 0x....
# in src
import numpy.ctypeslib as ctl
lib = ctl.load_library('mylib.so', '.')
lib.hallo
# < FuncPtr object at 0x....
building 'scipy.optimize._mylib' extension
compiling C++ sources
C compiler: x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.5/scipy/optimize/_mylib
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.5/scipy/optimize/_mylib/src
compile options: '-Iscipy/optimize/_mylib/src -I/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy-1.15.0.dev0+e4d678a-py3.5-linux-x86_64.egg/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/python3.5m -c'
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++: scipy/optimize/_mylib/src/debug.cpp
scipy/optimize/_mylib/src/debug.cpp: In function ‘void hallo()’:
scipy/optimize/_mylib/src/debug.cpp:3:9: warning: unused variable ‘a’ [-Wunused-variable]
int a = 0;
^
x86_64-linux-gnu-g++ -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.5/scipy/optimize/_mylib/src/debug.o -Lbuild/temp.linux-x86_64-3.5 -o scipy/optimize/_mylib.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so -Wl,--version-script=build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.5/link-version-scipy.optimize._mylib.map