Python 函数中相互不识别的方法

我创建了这个小python文件来计算我花在练习编码上的时间，在我尝试将我所有的函数都转换成一个类之前，它工作得非常好。一旦我这样做了，我似乎无法让它工作，我尝试将

self

添加到我函数的参数中，但它没有工作。下面是代码

import time

class Timer:
    def time_convert(second, text):
        minute = second // 60
        second = second % 60
        hour = minute // 60
        minute = minute % 60
        print(text, " = {0}:{1}:{2}\n".format(int(hour), int(minute), second))

    def timer_calc( start_time, end_time):
        time_lapsed = end_time - start_time
        return time_lapsed

    def file_writer(file_name, file_contents):
        file = open(file_name, "w")
        file.flush()
        file.write(file_contents)
        file.close()

    def file_reader(file_name):
        file = open(file_name, "r")
        file_contents = file.read()
        file.close()
        return file_contents

    def timer_main(file_name):
        previous_time = file_reader(file_name)
        input("Press Enter to start")
        start_time = time.time()
        input("Press Enter to stop")
        end_time = time.time()
        seconds_coding = timer_calc(start_time, end_time)
        total_time = float(previous_time) + seconds_coding
        file_writer(file_name, str(total_time))

        time_convert(seconds_coding, "Current Coding Time")
        time_convert(total_time, "Total Coding Time")
        total_coding_time()

    def total_coding_time(self):
        python = file_reader("TimeSpentPython.txt")
        tod = file_reader("TimeSpentTOD.txt")
        cs50 = file_reader("TimeSpentCS50.txt")

        total = float(python) + float(tod) + float(cs50)
        time_convert(total, "The complete total coding hours are")
        time.sleep(5)

    def main(self):
        while True:
            user_input = input("what are you going to program on ? \npython (1)\n"
                               "The Odin Project (2)\nCS50 (3)\nOr Exit (4)\n")
            if user_input == "1":
                timer_main("TimeSpentPython.txt")
            elif user_input == "2":
                timer_main("TimeSpentTOD.txt")
            elif user_input == "3":
                timer_main("TimeSpentCS50.txt")
            elif user_input == "4":
                exit(0)
            else:
                print("please enter a valid choice")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    timer = Timer()
    timer.main()

---

IDE中显示的错误告诉我，每当我试图从类中的另一个方法调用一个方法时，没有这样的方法。

您需要更频繁地使用self。每个方法定义中都有一个self参数，调用每个方法之前都有一个self参数

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---

你没有课。你只有一组函数

以下代码中只有三件事发生了变化：

我放弃了这个类，使每个方法都成为一个独立的函数

我从

total\u coding\u time

中删除了

self

参数

我放弃了类的实例化，直接调用

main

---

---

如何调用静态方法：。另外，请在问题“在我的IDE中显示的错误”中包含准确的错误跟踪-请关闭防火墙，以便我们也能看到它。没有理由存在

计时器，因为
计时器
不封装任何数据。所有的“方法”都应该是常规函数。没有理由仅仅为了让类工作而添加
self
。如果您没有
self
，则该方法应该是一个函数。如果所有的方法都应该是函数，那么您应该完全去掉这个类。
import time

class Timer:
    def time_convert(second, text):
        minute = second // 60
        second = second % 60
        hour = minute // 60
        minute = minute % 60
        print(text, " = {0}:{1}:{2}\n".format(int(hour), int(minute), second))

    def timer_calc(self, start_time, end_time):
        time_lapsed = end_time - start_time
        return time_lapsed

    def file_writer(self, file_name, file_contents):
        file = open(file_name, "w")
        file.flush()
        file.write(file_contents)
        file.close()

    def file_reader(self, file_name):
        file = open(file_name, "r")
        file_contents = file.read()
        file.close()
        return file_contents

    def timer_main(self, file_name):
        previous_time = self.file_reader(file_name)
        input("Press Enter to start")
        start_time = time.time()
        input("Press Enter to stop")
        end_time = time.time()
        seconds_coding = self.timer_calc(start_time, end_time)
        total_time = float(previous_time) + seconds_coding
        self.file_writer(file_name, str(total_time))

        time_convert(seconds_coding, "Current Coding Time")
        time_convert(total_time, "Total Coding Time")
        total_coding_time()

    def total_coding_time(self):
        python = self.file_reader("TimeSpentPython.txt")
        tod = self.file_reader("TimeSpentTOD.txt")
        cs50 = self.file_reader("TimeSpentCS50.txt")

        total = float(python) + float(tod) + float(cs50)
        self.time_convert(total, "The complete total coding hours are")
        time.sleep(5)

    def main(self):
        while True:
            user_input = input("what are you going to program on ? \npython (1)\n"
                               "The Odin Project (2)\nCS50 (3)\nOr Exit (4)\n")
            if user_input == "1":
                self.timer_main("TimeSpentPython.txt")
            elif user_input == "2":
                timer_main("TimeSpentTOD.txt")
            elif user_input == "3":
                timer_main("TimeSpentCS50.txt")
            elif user_input == "4":
                exit(0)
            else:
                print("please enter a valid choice")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    timer = Timer()
    timer.main()

import time

def time_convert(second, text):
    minute = second // 60
    second = second % 60
    hour = minute // 60
    minute = minute % 60
    print(text, " = {0}:{1}:{2}\n".format(int(hour), int(minute), second))

def timer_calc( start_time, end_time):
    time_lapsed = end_time - start_time
    return time_lapsed

def file_writer(file_name, file_contents):
    file = open(file_name, "w")
    file.flush()
    file.write(file_contents)
    file.close()

def file_reader(file_name):
    file = open(file_name, "r")
    file_contents = file.read()
    file.close()
    return file_contents

def timer_main(file_name):
    previous_time = file_reader(file_name)
    input("Press Enter to start")
    start_time = time.time()
    input("Press Enter to stop")
    end_time = time.time()
    seconds_coding = timer_calc(start_time, end_time)
    total_time = float(previous_time) + seconds_coding
    file_writer(file_name, str(total_time))

    time_convert(seconds_coding, "Current Coding Time")
    time_convert(total_time, "Total Coding Time")
    total_coding_time()

def total_coding_time():
    python = file_reader("TimeSpentPython.txt")
    tod = file_reader("TimeSpentTOD.txt")
    cs50 = file_reader("TimeSpentCS50.txt")

    total = float(python) + float(tod) + float(cs50)
    time_convert(total, "The complete total coding hours are")
    time.sleep(5)

def main(self):
    while True:
        user_input = input("what are you going to program on ? \npython (1)\n"
                           "The Odin Project (2)\nCS50 (3)\nOr Exit (4)\n")
        if user_input == "1":
            timer_main("TimeSpentPython.txt")
        elif user_input == "2":
            timer_main("TimeSpentTOD.txt")
        elif user_input == "3":
            timer_main("TimeSpentCS50.txt")
        elif user_input == "4":
            exit(0)
        else:
            print("please enter a valid choice")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()