Python 加载Django fixture时出现问题：IntegrityError:（1062，“重复输入”和“用户id”的键为

我使用以下命令生成了2个装置：

./manage.py dumpdata --format=json --indent=4 --natural auth.User > fixtures/user.json
./manage.py dumpdata --format=json --indent=4 --natural --exclude=contenttypes --exclude=auth > fixtures/full.json

我有一个名为user.json的设备：

[
    {
        "pk": 4, 
        "model": "auth.user", 
        "fields": {
            "username": "foo", 
            "first_name": "Se\u00e1n", 
            "last_name": "Hayes", 
            "is_active": true, 
            "is_superuser": true, 
            "is_staff": true, 
            "last_login": "2010-09-27 21:57:45", 
            "groups": [], 
            "user_permissions": [], 
            "password": "!", 
            "email": "foo@gmail.com", 
            "date_joined": "2010-09-27 21:57:45"
        }
    }
]

以及以下名为full.json的fixture：

[
    {
        "pk": "72a75887b4a0ce06a61f9183fe1c0e15", 
        "model": "sessions.session", 
        "fields": {
            "expire_date": "2010-10-11 21:57:45", 
            "session_data": "gAJ9cQEoVRJfYXV0aF91c2VyX2JhY2tlbmRxAlUOZmIuYXV0aC5GYkF1dGhxA1UNX2F1dGhfdXNl\ncl9pZHEEigEEdS5hOGZlODU0MmRjYmUwNmEzODIwNjhiYzYyODc2MWQxZA==\n"
        }
    }, 
    {
        "pk": 1, 
        "model": "sites.site", 
        "fields": {
            "domain": "example.com", 
            "name": "example.com"
        }
    }, 
    {
        "pk": 2, 
        "model": "common.userprofile", 
        "fields": {
            "money": 10, 
            "energy": 10, 
            "experience": 0, 
            "stamina": 10, 
            "health": 10, 
            "user": 4
        }
    }, 
    {
        "pk": 2, 
        "model": "missions.missionprofile", 
        "fields": {
            "user": 4, 
            "last_area_viewed": null
        }
    }, 
    {
        "pk": 1, 
        "model": "fb.facebookuser", 
        "fields": {
            "updated": "2010-09-27 21:57:45", 
            "uid": "24411841", 
            "created": "2010-09-27 21:57:45", 
            "access_token": "foo", 
            "url": "http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=24411841", 
            "user": 4, 
            "img_url": null, 
            "name": "Se\u00e1n Hayes"
        }
    }
]

运行以下命令（按任意顺序）：

引发以下异常：

Problem installing fixture '/projectpath/fixtures/full.json': Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 169, in handle
    obj.save(using=using)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/serializers/base.py", line 165, in save
    models.Model.save_base(self.object, using=using, raw=True)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/base.py", line 528, in save_base
    result = manager._insert(values, return_id=update_pk, using=using)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/manager.py", line 195, in _insert
    return insert_query(self.model, values, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/query.py", line 1479, in insert_query
    return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 783, in execute_sql
    cursor = super(SQLInsertCompiler, self).execute_sql(None)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 727, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/backends/util.py", line 15, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 86, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 166, in execute
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
  File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 35, in defaulterrorhandler
    raise errorclass, errorvalue
IntegrityError: (1062, "Duplicate entry '4' for key 'user_id'")

---

有什么想法吗？我知道MySQL中的前向引用存在问题，但如果id为4的用户对象安装在包含外键的装置之前，这应该无关紧要，对吧？

Django的静态装置是一种反模式，这就是出现这种问题的原因。我建议您使用一些库来为您生成这些装置，包括ID

---

我建议您

根据Ashok的评论，当我遇到同样的问题时，通过更改我的信号处理程序来检查它是否在“原始”模式下运行，这显然意味着正在加载夹具，从而解决了这个问题：

def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created and not kwargs.get('raw', False): 
        UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance) 

---

请参见

我还尝试将full.json拆分成更小的装置，并一次安装一个。一旦用户的外键出现，就会产生错误。您可以在这里发布您的模型的代码吗？您的模型上是否设置了任何

unique

设置？您是否有任何信号在创建用户后立即在

common.userprofile

中创建条目？好的，是的，就是这样。我认为无论如何都没有必要让装置覆盖信号生成的模型。

def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created and not kwargs.get('raw', False): 
        UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)