Python 使用Keras在Google colab上运行3D CNN时出现问题

我正在尝试使用google colab上的keras库来训练一个包含3D Conv层的模型。我遇到了以下错误：

AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-5-c6ef25f2bc4a> in <module>()
      8 
      9 model = Sequential()
---> 10 model.add(Conv3D(16,kernel_size=(3,5,3),padding='same', activation='relu', kernel_initializer='he_normal', input_shape=(20,25,3,1),data_format='channels_first'))
     11 model.add(Conv3D(32,kernel_size=(3,3,3),padding='same', activation='relu', kernel_initializer='he_normal',data_format='channels_first'))
     12 model.add(Dropout(0.5))

/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/keras/backend/tensorflow_backend.py in _get_available_gpus()
    504             _LOCAL_DEVICES = [x.name for x in devices]
    505         else:
--> 506             _LOCAL_DEVICES = tf.config.experimental_list_devices()
    507     return [x for x in _LOCAL_DEVICES if 'device:gpu' in x.lower()]
    508 
AttributeError: module 'tensorflow._api.v2.config' has no attribute 'experimental_list_devices'

尝试添加此代码

import tensorflow as tf
import keras.backend.tensorflow_backend as tfback
print("tf.__version__ is", tf.__version__)
print("tf.keras.__version__ is:", tf.keras.__version__)

def _get_available_gpus():
    """Get a list of available gpu devices (formatted as strings).

    # Returns
        A list of available GPU devices.
    """
    #global _LOCAL_DEVICES
    if tfback._LOCAL_DEVICES is None:
        devices = tf.config.list_logical_devices()
        tfback._LOCAL_DEVICES = [x.name for x in devices]
    return [x for x in tfback._LOCAL_DEVICES if 'device:gpu' in x.lower()]

tfback._get_available_gpus = _get_available_gpus

您还应该查看此代码以获得进一步的解决方案：

尝试添加此代码

import tensorflow as tf
import keras.backend.tensorflow_backend as tfback
print("tf.__version__ is", tf.__version__)
print("tf.keras.__version__ is:", tf.keras.__version__)

def _get_available_gpus():
    """Get a list of available gpu devices (formatted as strings).

    # Returns
        A list of available GPU devices.
    """
    #global _LOCAL_DEVICES
    if tfback._LOCAL_DEVICES is None:
        devices = tf.config.list_logical_devices()
        tfback._LOCAL_DEVICES = [x.name for x in devices]
    return [x for x in tfback._LOCAL_DEVICES if 'device:gpu' in x.lower()]

tfback._get_available_gpus = _get_available_gpus

---

您还应该查看以下内容以获得进一步的解决方案：

在本地机器和Google collab中检查您的Keras版本。最有可能的情况是，在本地机器和Google collab中检查您的Keras版本是否不匹配。很可能存在某种不匹配