Python Matplotlib使用OO API显示寄生轴

如何使用OOAPI使用寄生虫轴（嵌入PyQt4中的图），我完全被难住了。我想根据下面的代码绘制与绘图的轴偏移。但是，在PyQt4中嵌入matplotlib时，不能使用pyplot或host_子Plot

from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1 import host_subplot
import mpl_toolkits.axisartist as AA
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

host = host_subplot(111, axes_class=AA.Axes)
plt.subplots_adjust(right=0.75)

par1 = host.twinx()
par2 = host.twinx()

offset = 60
new_fixed_axis = par2.get_grid_helper().new_fixed_axis
par2.axis["right"] = new_fixed_axis(loc="right",
                                axes=par2,
                                offset=(offset, 0))

par2.axis["right"].toggle(all=True)

host.set_xlim(0, 2)
host.set_ylim(0, 2)

par1.set_ylabel("Temperature")
par2.set_ylabel("Velocity")

p2, = par1.plot([0, 1, 2], [0, 3, 2], label="Temperature")
p3, = par2.plot([0, 1, 2], [50, 30, 15], label="Velocity")

par1.set_ylim(0, 4)
par2.set_ylim(1, 65)

plt.draw()
plt.show()

我确实通过创建两个图形并根据此处的问题链接它们的轴来绘制偏移轴：

这是我的首选方法，因为它允许我在图形之间放置一个qspliter，但是我不能让上面的图只显示X轴-无论我将y轴设置得多么小，一些图形图及其数据始终显示

然后，我尝试在一个单独的QWidget中绘制自己的偏移轴，方法是获得绘图轴几何图形：

ax = foo.figure.add_subplot(1,1,1)
lineGeometry = [ax.bbox.x0, etc.]

然后使用轴几何体绘制一条线，Qt.qPaint（）具有相同的开始/结束位置，但在单独的QWidget中偏离绘图。这有点笨重，我更喜欢一种简单的方式

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使用嵌入Qt4中的寄生轴的任何帮助都将不胜感激。

感谢我在上面的帖子中的评论，我设法解决了您可以在PyQt4中使用matplotlib.pyplot，但使用Qt4后端进行显示的问题。下面是一个冗长的（道歉）例子。代码中存在一个bug，尽管两个绘图似乎都是在彼此的顶部绘图，但不确定那里发生了什么：

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.patches import Circle
from matplotlib.collections import PatchCollection
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as     FigureCanvas
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1 import host_subplot
import mpl_toolkits.axisartist as AA
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

class ApplicationWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_DeleteOnClose)
        self.main_widget = QtGui.QWidget(self)
        l = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)
        dc = PyPlotCanvas(self.main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
        ac = AxisArtistOO(self.main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
        l.addWidget(dc)
        l.addWidget(ac)
        self.main_widget.setFocus()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)

class PyPlotCanvas(FigureCanvas):
    """Matplotlib pyplot as FigureCanvas"""
    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
        self.fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        self.compute_initial_figure()
        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, self.fig)
        self.setParent(parent)
        FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
                               QtGui.QSizePolicy.Expanding,
                               QtGui.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)

    def compute_initial_figure(self):
        fig, ax = plt.subplots()
        N = 3
        x       = np.random.rand(N)
        y       = np.random.rand(N)
        radii   = 0.1*np.random.rand(N)
        patches = []
        for x1,y1,r in zip(x, y, radii):
            circle = Circle((x1,y1), r)
            patches.append(circle)
        colors = 100*np.random.rand(len(patches))
        p = PatchCollection(patches, cmap=matplotlib.cm.jet, alpha=0.4)
        p.set_array(np.array(colors))
        ax.add_collection(p)
        plt.colorbar(p)
        self.fig = fig

class AxisArtistOO(FigureCanvas):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
        self.fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        self.compute_initial_figure()
        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, self.fig)
        self.setParent(parent)
        FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
                               QtGui.QSizePolicy.Expanding,
                               QtGui.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)

    def compute_initial_figure(self):
        host = host_subplot(111, axes_class=AA.Axes)
        plt.subplots_adjust(right=0.75)
        par1 = host.twinx()
        par2 = host.twinx()
        offset = 60
        new_fixed_axis = par2.get_grid_helper().new_fixed_axis
        par2.axis["right"] = new_fixed_axis(loc="right",
                                    axes=par2,
                                    offset=(offset, 0))
        par2.axis["right"].toggle(all=True)
        host.set_xlim(0, 2)
        host.set_ylim(0, 2)
        par1.set_ylabel("Temperature")
        par2.set_ylabel("Velocity")
        p2, = par1.plot([0, 1, 2], [0, 3, 2], label="Temperature")
        p3, = par2.plot([0, 1, 2], [50, 30, 15], label="Velocity")
        par1.set_ylim(0, 4)
        par2.set_ylim(1, 65)
        fig, ax = plt.subplots()
        self.fig = fig

qApp = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
aw = ApplicationWindow()
aw.show()
sys.exit(qApp.exec_())