Python 使用模板中的表单访问模型字段的属性

我们正在构建Django应用程序，并且有一个包含两个类的模型：

class Category_Specialization (models.Model):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=50)

class Specialization (models.Model):
  specialization_name = models.CharField (max_length=60)
  category = models.ForeignKey(Category_Specialization)

class User (models.Model):
[...]
  specialization = models.ManyToManyField (Specialization)

我们创建了一个表单，用于显示字段用户的复选框：

class SpecializationForm(forms.ModelForm):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
  super(UserServiceForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
  self.helper = FormHelper()
  self.helper.form_class = 'form-horizontal'
  self.helper.render_hidden_fields = True
  self.helper.form_tag = False
  self.helper.label_class = 'col-lg-2'
  self.helper.field_class = 'col-lg-10'

  self.helper.layout = Layout(
    'specialization',
    FormActions(
      Submit('submit', 'Create profile'),
    )
  )
  class Meta:
    model = User
    fields = ['specialization']
    widgets = {
    'specialization' : forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple,
    }

我们定义了4个类别，2个专门化类别。现在我们想在一个模板中显示所有类别，其中包含它们的专门化

因此，我们认为：

list_categories = Category_Specialization.objects.order_by('name')
forms = UserSpecializationForm(request.POST or None, instance=request.user)

return render (request, 'users/profile/specialization.html', {
  'list_categories' : list_categories,
  'forms' : forms,
})

在我们的模板中，我们尝试做到：

<form action="{% url 'users:specialization'  %}" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}

{% for category in list_categories %}
  <fieldset>
  <legend>{{category.name}}</legend>
  {% for form in forms %}
    {% for form_field in form %}
      {% if form_field.field.category.name == category.name %}
       {% load crispy_forms_tags %}
       {{form_field}}
       {% crispy form %}
      {% endif %}
    {% endfor %}
  {% endfor %}
  </fieldset>
{% endfor %}

{%csrf_令牌%}
{列表中类别的百分比\类别%}
{{category.name}
{表格%中的表格为%}
{表单%中的表单_字段的百分比}
{%if form_field.field.category.name==category.name%}
{%load crispy_forms_tags%}
{{form_field}}
{%crispy form%}
{%endif%}
{%endfor%}
{%endfor%}
{%endfor%}

问题是我们的IF不起作用，因为我们没有正确访问类别名称

那么，我们如何访问for循环中字段的类别名称以在正确的类别中显示表单呢

---

谢谢。

在你看来，我建议你用字典把它通读一遍。这种逻辑在服务器端会工作得更好。然后，可以在模板中循环键和值。大概是这样的：

list_categories = {'cat1': {'spec1': foo1, 'spec2': bar1, }, 'cat2': {'spec1': foo2, 'spec2': bar2, }, }

然后在模板上：

{% load crispy_forms_tags %}
{% for category, specs in list_categories %}
    <fieldset>
        <legend>{{category.name}}</legend>
        {% for spec, name in specs %}
            {{ form_field }}
        {% endfor %}
    </fieldset>
{% endfor %}

{%load crispy_forms_tags%}
{类别的百分比，列表中的规格\类别%}
{{category.name}
{规格为%，规格中的名称为%}
{{form_field}}
{%endfor%}
{%endfor%}

---

加载应该在任何循环之外，这样您就不会每次都尝试加载它。它可以放在模板的顶部。

对于我来说，使用自定义小部件定义是一种更好的方法

填写您的表单。py：

class SpecializationByCategory(forms.CheckboxSelectMultiple):
def render(self, name, value, attrs=None, choices=()):
    if value is None: value = []
    has_id = attrs and 'id' in attrs
    final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)
    output = [u'<ul>']
    # Normalize to strings
    str_values = set([force_unicode(v) for v in value])
    categories = Category_Specialization.objects.all()
    #for supercategory in supercategories:
    for category in categories:
        output.append(u'<li>%s</li>'%(category.name))
        output.append(u'<ul>')
        del self.choices
        self.choices = []
        specializations = Specialization.objects.filter(category=category)
        print specializations
        for specialization in specializations:
            self.choices.append((specialization.id,specialization.specialization_name))
            for i, (option_value, option_label) in enumerate(chain(self.choices, choices)):
                if has_id:
                    final_attrs = dict(final_attrs, id='%s_%s' % (attrs['id'], i))
                    label_for = u' for="%s"' % final_attrs['id']
                else:
                    label_for = ''
                cb = forms.CheckboxInput(final_attrs, check_test=lambda value: value in str_values)
                option_value = force_unicode(option_value)
                rendered_cb = cb.render(name, option_value)
                option_label = conditional_escape(force_unicode(option_label))
                output.append(u'<li><label%s>%s %s</label></li>' % (label_for, rendered_cb, option_label))
        output.append(u'</ul>')
        output.append(u'</li>')
    output.append(u'</ul>')
    return mark_safe(u'\n'.join(output))

希望能有帮助

widgets = {
        'specialization' : SpecializationByCategory,
    }