Python #错误：TypeError:必须以shape实例作为第一个参数调用未绑定的方法_uinit__;（）（改为获取str实例）#

这是我的剧本：

class shape:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def printMyself(self):
        print 'I am a shape named %s.' % self.name

shape1 = shape(name = 'myFirstShape.')
shape2 = shape(name = 'mySecondShape.')
shape1.printMyself()
shape2.printMyself()


class polyCube(shape):
    def __init__(self, name, length, width, height):
        shape.__init__(name)
        self.length = length
        self.width = width
        self.height = height

    def printMyself(self):
        shape.printMyself(self)
        print 'I am also a cube with dimensions %.2f, %.2f, %.2f.' % (length, width, height)


class polySphere(shape):
    def __init__(self, name, radius):
        shape.__init__(name)
        self.radius = radius

    def printMyself(self):
        shape.printMyself(self)
        print 'I am also a sphere with dimensions of %.2f.' % (radius)

cube1 = polyCube('firstCube', 2.0, 1.0, 3.0)
cube2 = polyCube('secondCube', 3.0, 3.0, 3.0)
sphere1 = polySphere('firstSphere', 2.2)
sphere2 = polySphere('secondSphere', 3.5)
shape1 = shape('myShape')
cube1.printMyself()
cube2.printMyself()
sphere1.printMyself()
sphere2.printMyself()

我的错误：

# Error: TypeError: unbound method __init__() must be called with shape instance as first argument (got str instance instead) # 

我不明白。 为什么我会收到这个错误消息？ 解决办法是什么？ 为什么

---

谢谢

作为代码的工作版本，我已经在注释中解释了错误

class shape:
  def __init__(self, name):
    self.name = name

  def printMyself(self):
    print ('I am a shape named %s.' % self.name)

shape1 = shape(name = 'myFirstShape.')
shape2 = shape(name = 'mySecondShape.')
shape1.printMyself()
shape2.printMyself()


class polyCube(shape):
    def __init__(self, name, length, width, height):
        shape.__init__(self,name) #pass self here, you're calling parent's __init__() explicitly so you should pass self.

        self.length = length
        self.width = width
        self.height = height

    def printMyself(self):
     shape.printMyself(self)
     #use self.length ,self.width instead of just length,width etc
     print ('I am also a cube with dimensions %.2f, %.2f, %.2f.' % (self.length, self.width, self.height)) 


class polySphere(shape):
    def __init__(self, name, radius):
        shape.__init__(self,name) #pass self here

        self.radius = radius

    def printMyself(self):
     shape.printMyself(self)
     print ('I am also a sphere with dimensions of %.2f.' % (self.radius)) #use self.radius here

cube1 = polyCube('firstCube', 2.0, 1.0, 3.0)
cube2 = polyCube('secondCube', 3.0, 3.0, 3.0)
sphere1 = polySphere('firstSphere', 2.2)
sphere2 = polySphere('secondSphere', 3.5)
shape1 = shape('myShape')
cube1.printMyself()
cube2.printMyself()
sphere1.printMyself()
sphere2.printMyself()

---

通常，您应该发布完整的回溯。它使调试变得容易得多。问题（除了缩进，我认为缩进来自复制/粘贴错误）在于调用：

shape.__init__(name)

当您从形状继承时

如果你看

shape.\uuuu init\uuuuu

的“原型”，它看起来像

shape.\uuuuu init\uuuuu（self，name）

——这就是你应该使用的。出现错误是因为您正在传递

name

（一个字符串），而您应该传递

self

（一个

PolyCube

，因此也是一个

shape

，因为继承）

旁白

另外，在Python2.x中，最好始终从

对象继承。e、 g:

class shape(object):
   ...

这允许您使用与新样式类关联的所有优点。（在Python3中，所有类都是新样式的类）
缩进将导致缩进错误，在本例中不是TypeError。错误的缩进几乎可以肯定是复制/粘贴到SO中的结果。还有其他错误，例如
self
没有传递到
\uuuu init\uuuuu
，他在print语句中只使用
radius
而不是
self.radius
。