Python binascii-非法字符

这是一个使用DES算法将明文转换为密文的程序。我遇到了一个问题，我无法使用模块

binascii

将明文转换为二进制代码。它说非法字符，但我不知道为什么，因为我的测试字符串都是ASCII字符。这是我的密码：

import binascii

init_perm = [
    58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 
    60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4, 
    62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6,
    64, 46, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
    57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,
    59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
    61, 53, 25, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 
    63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7
]

final_perm = [
    40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32,
    39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31, 
    38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
    37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29, 
    36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
    35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27, 
    24, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
    33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25
]

expansion = [
    32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
    4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
    8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 
    12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
    16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 
    20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 
    24, 25, 26, 26, 28, 29,
    28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1
]

s_boxes =  [[[14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7], 
          [ 0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8], 
          [ 4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0], 
          [15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13 ]],
             
         [[15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10], 
            [3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5], 
            [0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15], 
           [13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9 ]], 
    
         [ [10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8], 
           [13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1], 
           [13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7], 
            [1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12 ]], 
        
          [ [7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15], 
           [13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9], 
           [10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4], 
            [3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14] ], 
         
          [ [2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9], 
           [14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6], 
            [4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14], 
           [11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3 ]], 
        
         [ [12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11], 
           [10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8], 
            [9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6], 
            [4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13] ], 
          
          [ [4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1], 
           [13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6], 
            [1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2], 
            [6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12] ], 
         
         [ [13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7], 
            [1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2], 
            [7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8], 
            [2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11] ] ]

permutation = [
    16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17,
    1, 15, 23, 26, 5, 18, 31, 10,
    2, 8, 24, 14, 32, 27, 3, 9,
    19, 13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25
]

pchoice1 = [
    57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9,
    1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
    10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27,
    19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
    63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 
    7, 62, 54, 26, 38, 30, 22,
    14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 
    21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4
]

pchoice2 = [
    14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5,
    3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10,
    23, 19, 12, 4, 25, 8,
    16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2,
    41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 
    30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48, 
    44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53, 
    46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32
]

def i_perm(block):
    temp = ""
    for i in range(len(block)):
        temp += block[init_perm[i]]
    return temp

def f_perm(block):
    temp = ""
    for i in range(len(block)):
        temp += block[final_perm[i]]
    return temp

def expand(h_block):
    temp = ""
    for i in range(len(h_block)):
        temp += h_block[expansion[i]]
    return temp

def sbox(e_h_block):
    temp = ""
    for i in range(len(e_h_block, 6)):
        block6 = e_h_block[:i]
        block6_x_axis = block6[0] + block[5]
        block6_y_axis = block6[1:5]
        temp += s_boxes[i][int(block6_x_axis)][int(block6_y_axis)]
    return temp

def perm(h_block):
    temp = ""
    for i in range(len(h_block)):
        temp += h_block[permutation[i]]
    return temp

def feistel(h_block, key):
    subkey = keygen(key)
    e_h_block = expand(h_block)
    e_h_block ^= subkey
    h_block = sbox(e_h_block)
    h_block = perm(h_block)
    return h_block

def pc_1(key):
    temp = ""
    for i in range(len(key)):
        temp += block[pchoice1[i]]
    return temp

def pc_2(key56):
    temp = ""
    for i in range(len(key56)):
        temp += block[pchoice2[i]]
    return temp

def keygen(key, i):
    key56 = pc_1(key)
    l_key28 = key56[:28]
    r_key28 = key56[28:]
    if (i == 0 or i == 1 or i == 8 or i == 15):
        l_key28 << 1
        r_key28 << 1
    else:
        l_key28 << 2
        r_key28 << 2
    key56 = l_key28 + r_key28
    subkey = pc_2(key56)
    return subkey

def des(plaintext, key):
    bin_p = binascii.a2b_uu(plaintext)
    key = binascii.a2b_uu(key)
    for i in range(len(bin_p), 64):
        block = bin_p[:i]
        block = i_perm(block)
        l_h_block = block[:32]
        r_h_block = block[32:]
        l_h_block ^= feistel(r_h_block, key)
        r_h_block = l_h_block
        block = f_perm(block)

plaintext = "Do you have 100 euros?"
key = "12345678"
ciphertext = des(plaintext, key)
print(ciphertext)

导入binascii
初始perm=[
58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 
60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4, 
62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6,
64, 46, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,
59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
61, 53, 25, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7
]
最终perm=[
40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32,
39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31, 
38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29, 
36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27, 
24, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25
]
扩展=[
32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 
20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 
24, 25, 26, 26, 28, 29,
28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1
]
s_框=[[14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7]，
[ 0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8], 
[ 4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0], 
[15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13 ]],
[[15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10], 
[3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5], 
[0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15], 
[13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9 ]], 
[ [10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8], 
[13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1], 
[13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7], 
[1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12 ]], 
[ [7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15], 
[13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9], 
[10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4], 
[3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14] ], 
[ [2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9], 
[14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6], 
[4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14], 
[11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3 ]], 
[ [12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11], 
[10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8], 
[9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6], 
[4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13] ], 
[ [4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1], 
[13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6], 
[1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2], 
[6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12] ], 
[ [13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7], 
[1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2], 
[7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8], 
[2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11] ] ]
排列=[
16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17,
1, 15, 23, 26, 5, 18, 31, 10,
2, 8, 24, 14, 32, 27, 3, 9,
19, 13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25
]
pchoice1=[
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9,
1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27,
19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 
7, 62, 54, 26, 38, 30, 22,
14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 
21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4
]
pchoice2=[
14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5,
3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10,
23, 19, 12, 4, 25, 8,
16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2,
41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 
30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48, 
44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53, 
46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32
]
def i_perm（块）：
temp=“”
对于范围内的i（len（block））：
temp+=块[init_perm[i]]
返回温度
def f_perm（块）：
temp=“”
对于范围内的i（len（block））：
temp+=块[最终perm[i]]
返回温度
def扩展（h_块）：
temp=“”
对于范围内的i（len（h_块））：
temp+=h_块[扩展[i]]
返回温度
def sbox（e_h_块）：
temp=“”
对于范围内的i（len（e_h_块，6））：
块6=e_h_块[：i]
块6_x_轴=块6[0]+块[5]
区块6_y_轴=区块6[1:5]
temp+=s_盒[i][int（块6_x_轴）][int（块6_y_轴）]
返回温度
def perm（h_块）：
temp=“”
对于范围内的i（len（h_块））：
temp+=h_块[排列[i]]
返回温度
def feistel（h_块，键）：
子键=键根（键）
e_h_块=展开（h_块）
e_h_block^=子键
h_块=sbox（e_h_块）
h_块=perm（h_块）
返回h_块
def pc_1（钥匙）：
temp=“”
对于范围内的i（len（key））：
温度+=块[pchoice1[i]]
返回温度
def pc_2（键56）：
temp=“”
对于范围内的i（len（键56））：
温度+=块[pchoice2[i]]
返回温度
def keygen（钥匙，i）：
键56=pc_1（键）
l_key28=key56[：28]
r_key28=key56[28:]
如果（i==0或i==1或i==8或i==15）：
它不是在抱怨Unicode或ASCII
a2b_uu
将uu编码的数据转换回其原始形式。这里没有uuencoded数据。你期望它做什么？那么为什么这个例子有效
import binascii text=“Simply Easy Learning”#将二进制数据转换为ascii数据_b2a=binascii.b2a_uu（text）打印“**binary to ascii**\n”打印数据_b2a#将ascii转换为二进制数据_a2b=binascii.a2b_uu（data_b2a）打印“**ascii to binary**\n”打印数据_a2b
，以及如何将ascii代码转换为二进制