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  • Ruby on rails ActiveRecord:：RecordInvalid:验证失败：技术组合必须存在

Ruby on rails ActiveRecord:：RecordInvalid:验证失败：技术组合必须存在

ruby-on-rails

Ruby on rails ActiveRecord:：RecordInvalid:验证失败：技术组合必须存在,ruby-on-rails,Ruby On Rails,我试图为具有portfolio的技术保存嵌套属性，我有以下代码： portfolio.rb（模型） 它给了我这个错误： ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Technologies portfolio must exist from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/validations.rb:78:in `rai

我试图为具有portfolio的技术保存嵌套属性，我有以下代码： portfolio.rb（模型）

它给了我这个错误：

ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Technologies portfolio must exist
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/validations.rb:78:in `raise_validation_error'
你知道我在这里遗漏了什么吗

技术和产品组合的模式：

  create_table "portfolios", force: :cascade do |t|
    t.string   "title"
    t.string   "subtitle"
    t.text     "body"
    t.text     "main_image"
    t.text     "thumb_image"
    t.datetime "created_at",  null: false
    t.datetime "updated_at",  null: false
  end

  create_table "technologies", force: :cascade do |t|
    t.string   "name"
    t.integer  "portfolio_id"
    t.datetime "created_at",   null: false
    t.datetime "updated_at",   null: false
    t.index ["portfolio_id"], name: "index_technologies_on_portfolio_id", using: :btree
  end
完整错误消息：

ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Technologies portfolio must exist
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/validations.rb:78:in `raise_validation_error'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/validations.rb:50:in `save!'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/dirty.rb:30:in `save!'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:324:in `block in save!'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:395:in `block in with_transaction_returning_status'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:232:in `block in transaction'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:189:in `within_new_transaction'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:232:in `transaction'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:211:in `transaction'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:392:in `with_transaction_returning_status'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:324:in `save!'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb:45:in `save!'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/persistence.rb:51:in `create!'
    from (irb):3
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:65:in `start'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/console_helper.rb:9:in `start'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:78:in `console'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:49:in `run_command!'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `block in require'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:293:in `require'
    from /Users/mac/Desktop/DevCampPortfolio/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:287:in `load'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:287:in `block in load'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:287:in `load'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
    from /Users/mac/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
    from -e:1:in `<main>'
2.3.1 :004 > Portfolio.create!(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas", main_image: 'some value', thumb_image: 'some image')

ActiveRecord:：RecordInvalid:验证失败：技术组合必须存在
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/validations.rb:78:in'raise\u validation\u error'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/validations.rb:50:in“保存！”
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/attribute\u methods/dirty.rb:30:in'save！'
从/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:324:in`block in save！'
from/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:395:in`block in with_transaction\u returning\u status'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u语句。rb:232:“事务中的块”中
from/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:189:in'within_new\u transaction'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u语句
from/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:211:in“transaction”
from/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:392:in`with\u transaction\u returning\u status'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:324:in'save！'
从/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/suppressor.rb:45:in'save！'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activerecord-5.0.7/lib/active\u record/persistence.rb:51:in'create！'
来自（irb）：3
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:65:在“开始”中
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/console\u helper.rb:9:in'start'
from/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:78:在“控制台”中
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:49:in“run\u command！”
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/railties-5.0.7/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in`'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:293:in'require'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:293:“请求中的块”中
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:259:in'load\u dependency'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:293:in'require'
from/Users/mac/Desktop/DevCampPortfolio/bin/rails:9:in`'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:287:in'load'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:287:在“加载中的块”中
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:259:in'load\u dependency'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.1/gems/activesupport-5.0.7/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:287:in'load'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/site\u ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core\u ext/kernel\u require.rb:55:in'require'
来自/Users/mac/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.1/lib/ruby/site\u ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core\u ext/kernel\u require.rb:55:in'require'
from-e:1:in`'
2.3.1:004>公文包.创建！（标题：“Web应用程序”，副标题：“asadasd”，正文：“萨达斯”，主图像：“一些价值”，拇指图像：“一些图像”）
您对
投资组合进行了验证

validates_presence_of :title, :body, :main_image, :thumb_image
您只传递
：title，：subtile，：body
，而不传递
：main\u image，：thumb\u image

Portfolio.create!(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas", technologies_attributes: [{name: "Ruby"}, {name: "Rails"}, {name: "Angula"}, {name: "Ionic"}])
上面的代码要求保存
公文包
应该是成功的，因此它可以在
技术
中使用公文包id，但这里没有，您需要将所有必需的参数传递到
公文包。创建


Portfolio.create!(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas", main_image: 'some value', thumb_image: 'some image',
  technologies_attributes: [{name: "Ruby"}, {name: "Rails"}, {name: "Angula"}, {name: "Ionic"}])


更新：

当您使用的是
Rails 5.x
时，在Rails 5.x（以后）中，默认情况下，将
可选：true
添加到您的技术模型中


类技术
使
属于：公文包
关联可选并不能解决问题。您通过传入
optional:true
所做的一切都是跳过验证，如果您确实想要设置具有模型关联的数据库架构，那么这是没有用的

问题的根本原因是Active Record试图在将
组合
对象提交到数据库之前创建
技术
对象
接受
的_嵌套的_属性_的特殊之处在于它通过父模型（
公文包
）创建关联模型的实例（
技术
）。要执行此操作，活动记录需要了解两个模型之间的关系，并且它还必须具有外键，以便将关联的
技术
对象绑定到特定的
组合

如果您先创建一个
公文包
对象，然后分别创建一个
技术
对象，则不会出现问题：


portfolio = Portfolio.create!(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas")

Technology.create!(name: 'aoeifjeao', portfolio_id: portfolio.id)
=> #<Technology id: 10, name: "aoeifjeao", portfolio_id: 17, created_at: "2019-12-07 03:54:47", updated_at: "2019-12-07 03:54:47"> 


注意，发生的第一件事

Portfolio.create!(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas", technologies_attributes: [{name: "Ruby"}, {name: "Rails"}, {name: "Angula"}, {name: "Ionic"}])



Portfolio.create!(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas", main_image: 'some value', thumb_image: 'some image',
  technologies_attributes: [{name: "Ruby"}, {name: "Rails"}, {name: "Angula"}, {name: "Ionic"}])



class Technology < ApplicationRecord 
  belongs_to :portfolio, optional: true 
end



portfolio = Portfolio.create!(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas")

Technology.create!(name: 'aoeifjeao', portfolio_id: portfolio.id)
=> #<Technology id: 10, name: "aoeifjeao", portfolio_id: 17, created_at: "2019-12-07 03:54:47", updated_at: "2019-12-07 03:54:47"> 



(0.4ms)  BEGIN
Portfolio Load (0.7ms)  SELECT  "portfolios".* FROM "portfolios" WHERE "portfolios"."id" = $1 LIMIT $2  [["id", 17], ["LIMIT", 1]]
SQL (1.6ms)  INSERT INTO "technologies" ("name", "portfolio_id", "created_at", "updated_at") VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4) RETURNING "id"  [["name", "aoeifjeao"], ["portfolio_id", 17], ["created_at", "2019-12-07 03:54:47.668662"], ["updated_at", "2019-12-07 03:54:47.668662"]]
(41.0ms)  COMMIT



portfolio = Portfolio.new(title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas", technologies_attributes: [{name: "Ruby"}])
=> #<Portfolio id: nil, title: "Web App", subtitle: "asadasd", body: "sadsadas", main_image: "http://placehold.it/600x400", thumb_image: "http://placehold.it/350x200", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> 



portfolio.technologies
=> #<ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionProxy [#<Technology id: nil, name: "Ruby", portfolio_id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>]> 



# portfolio.rb

class Portfolio < ApplicationRecord
  has_many :technologies, inverse_of: :portfolio
end



# technology.rb

class Technology < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :portfolio, inverse_of: :technologies
end