Serialization Django REST框架：通过多个关系序列化

在Django，我有以下模型

class Genus(models.Model):
    genus_name=models.CharField(max_length=30)
    ...

class HostSpecies(models.Model):
    species_genus=models.ForeignKey(Genus)
    ...

class HostStrain(models.Model):
    strain_species=models.ForeignKey(HostSpecies)
    strain_name=models.CharField(max_length=50)
    ...

现在，我尝试使用Django REST框架序列化HostStrain模型，如下所示

class HostStrainSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = HostStrain
        fields = ('strain_species__species_genus','strain_species','strain_name')

但是Django中的标准双下划线符号在这里似乎不起作用，因为我得到了错误：

字段名<代码>菌株\种\种\属对模型<代码>宿主菌株无效

我想在我的主机中包括一个指向

Genus

模型的链接（或者至少是

\uuuuunicode\uuuuuuuuu

）

---

那么如何在Django REST框架的序列化中遵循多级关系呢？

有几种方法可以做到这一点

您可以在

HostStrainSerializer

class GenusSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Genus
        fields = ('genus_name')

class HostSpeciesSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    species_genus = GenusSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = HostSpecies
        fields = ('species_genus')

class HostStrainSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    strain_species = HostSpeciesSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = HostStrain
        fields = ('strain_species','strain_name')

这样，序列化程序将输出如下内容：

{
    "strain_name": "...",
    "strain_species": {
        "species_genus": {
            "genus_name": "..."
        }
    }
}

---

另一种方法是在

HostStrainSerializer

上创建字段，从其他模型获取信息

class HostStrainSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    strain_species = HostSpeciesSerializer()
    species_genus = serializers.ReadOnlyField(source='strain_species.species_genus.genus_name')

    class Meta:
        model = HostStrain
        fields = ('species_genus', 'strain_species','strain_name')

---

您还可以使用

SerializerMethodField

class HostStrainSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    strain_species = HostSpeciesSerializer()
    species_genus = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_species_genus(self, instance):
        return instance.strain_species.species_genus.genus_name

    class Meta:
        model = HostStrain
        fields = ('species_genus', 'strain_species','strain_name')

---

有几种方法可以做到这一点

您可以在

HostStrainSerializer

class GenusSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Genus
        fields = ('genus_name')

class HostSpeciesSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    species_genus = GenusSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = HostSpecies
        fields = ('species_genus')

class HostStrainSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    strain_species = HostSpeciesSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = HostStrain
        fields = ('strain_species','strain_name')

这样，序列化程序将输出如下内容：

{
    "strain_name": "...",
    "strain_species": {
        "species_genus": {
            "genus_name": "..."
        }
    }
}

---

另一种方法是在

HostStrainSerializer

上创建字段，从其他模型获取信息

class HostStrainSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    strain_species = HostSpeciesSerializer()
    species_genus = serializers.ReadOnlyField(source='strain_species.species_genus.genus_name')

    class Meta:
        model = HostStrain
        fields = ('species_genus', 'strain_species','strain_name')

---

您还可以使用

SerializerMethodField

class HostStrainSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    strain_species = HostSpeciesSerializer()
    species_genus = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_species_genus(self, instance):
        return instance.strain_species.species_genus.genus_name

    class Meta:
        model = HostStrain
        fields = ('species_genus', 'strain_species','strain_name')

---

第二种方法基本上就是我想要的，只是完全错过了文档中的

source

参数。谢谢第二种方法基本上就是我想要的，只是完全错过了文档中的

source

参数。谢谢