Sql 使用触发器如何复制刚刚插入的行

我使用的是SQL Server 2008，我有一个触发器，我想将

My\u表

中的任何行复制到存档

History\u表

表中

如何在每次有人插入新行时将表的所有旧内容复制到存档中

我的桌子结构是

    CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Stu_Table]
    (
    [Stu_Id] [int] NOT NULL,
    [Stu_Name] [varchar] (15) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL,
    [Stu_Class] [int] NULL
    ) ON [PRIMARY]
    GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Stu_Table] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Stu_Table] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED  ([Stu_Id]) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Stu_TableHistory]
(
[Stu_Id] [int] NOT NULL,
[Stu_Name] [varchar] (15) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL,
[Stu_Class] [int] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Stu_TableHistory] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Stu_TableHistory] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED  ([Stu_Id]) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

我的存档表结构是

    CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Stu_Table]
    (
    [Stu_Id] [int] NOT NULL,
    [Stu_Name] [varchar] (15) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL,
    [Stu_Class] [int] NULL
    ) ON [PRIMARY]
    GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Stu_Table] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Stu_Table] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED  ([Stu_Id]) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Stu_TableHistory]
(
[Stu_Id] [int] NOT NULL,
[Stu_Name] [varchar] (15) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL,
[Stu_Class] [int] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Stu_TableHistory] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Stu_TableHistory] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED  ([Stu_Id]) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

我的触发器语法是

Create TRIGGER [dbo].[HistoryKeep]
   ON  [dbo].[Stu_Table]
   INSTEAD OF  INSERT
AS 
BEGIN
    IF((SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Stu_Table WHERE Stu_Id = (SELECT Stu_Id FROM INSERTED)) >= 1)
    BEGIN
        INSERT INTO dbo.Stu_TableHistory( Stu_Id, Stu_Name, Stu_Class )
        SELECT Stu_Id, Stu_Name, Stu_Class FROM Stu_Table WHERE Stu_Id = (SELECT Stu_Id FROM INSERTED)

        UPDATE x
        SET x.Stu_Name = i.Stu_Name
        FROM dbo.Stu_Table AS x
        INNER JOIN inserted AS i ON i.Stu_Id = x.Stu_Id

    END
    ELSE
    BEGIN
        INSERT INTO dbo.Stu_Table( Stu_Id, Stu_Name, Stu_Class )
        SELECT Stu_Id, Stu_Name, Stu_Class FROM INSERTED
    END
END

总之，我们需要帮助将旧数据从学生表传输到存档表。我的上述触发器语法不能满足我的要求

---

如果您有任何疑问，请提前询问“谢谢”。

您应该有如下内容，而不是当前的触发器：

Create TRIGGER [dbo].[HistoryKeep]
   ON  [dbo].[Stu_Table]
   INSTEAD OF  INSERT
AS 
BEGIN
DECLARE @History table (
    Action sysname not null,
    STU_ID [int] NULL,
    [Stu_Name] [varchar] (15) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL,
    [Stu_Class] [int] NULL
)

;MERGE INTO Stu_Table t
USING INSERTED i ON t.STU_ID = i.STU_ID
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET STU_Name = i.STU_Name
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (STU_ID,STU_NAME,STU_CLASS) VALUES (i.STU_ID,i.STU_NAME,i.STU_CLASS)
OUTPUT $Action,deleted.stu_id,deleted.stu_name,deleted.stu_class INTO @History;

INSERT INTO stu_TableHistory (stu_id,stu_name,stu_class)
select stu_id,stu_name,stu_class from @History where Action='UPDATE'
END

另外，请注意，您需要删除

STU TableHistory

上的当前PK约束，因为只要一行更新多次，就会有两个条目包含相同的

STU ID

---

根据我的评论，这将

INSERTED

视为一个包含多行的表。因此，如果

Stu Table

包含一行

Stu ID

1，则插入以下内容：

INSERT INTO STU_Table (STU_ID,STU_Name,STU_Class) VALUES
(1,'abc',null),
(2,'def',null)

---

将更新

STU-ID

1的行，为

STU-ID

2插入一行，并在

STU-tableHistory

中插入一行（对于

STU-ID

1）

INSERTED

是一个伪表，可以包含多行。您需要编写接受这种现实的查询。假设

SELECT STU_ID from INSERTED

将返回1个结果，则您的代码被破坏。并且它可能包含混合行-一些行的

更新是合适的，另一些行的普通
插入是合适的。Damien_不信者感谢您的回复，不理解您的评论描述，您是否愿意与我们分享一些语法和详细的描述。谢谢查看这里有关
Inserted
和
Deleted
表的文档：