在SQL标准版中也是如此。我假设这意味着对企业或开发人员的限制不适用于ALTERTABLE…开关_Sql_Sql Server_Alter Table_Identity Column

在SQL标准版中也是如此。我假设这意味着对企业或开发人员的限制不适用于ALTERTABLE…开关

sql sql-server

在SQL标准版中也是如此。我假设这意味着对企业或开发人员的限制不适用于ALTERTABLE…开关,sql,sql-server,alter-table,identity-column,Sql,Sql Server,Alter Table,Identity Column,有一个很好的例子详细说明了上述要求更新-下面有一条评论，添加了有关此解决方案的重要信息。将其复制到此处以确保引起更多注意：这里还有一个值得一提的警告。虽然新表将愉快地从旧表接收数据，并且所有新行将按照标识模式插入，它们将从1开始，如果所述列是主键，则可能中断。考虑运行 dcccCurrime'（''）< /C> > 切换。查看更多信息信息如果正在使用新行扩展表（这意味着在添加标识和添加新行之间没有太多的停机时间，那么您需要手动将新表架构中的标识种子值设置为大于表中最大的现有标识，

有一个很好的例子详细说明了上述要求

更新-下面有一条评论，添加了有关此解决方案的重要信息。将其复制到此处以确保引起更多注意：

这里还有一个值得一提的警告。虽然新表将愉快地从旧表接收数据，并且所有新行将按照标识模式插入，它们将从1开始，如果所述列是主键，则可能中断。考虑运行<代码> dcccCurrime'（''）< /C> > 切换。查看更多信息信息

如果正在使用新行扩展表（这意味着在添加标识和添加新行之间没有太多的停机时间，那么您需要手动将新表架构中的标识种子值设置为大于表中最大的现有标识，例如

IDENTITY，而不是DBCC CHECKIDENT
）（2435457，1）

。您可能可以在事务中同时包含

ALTER TABLE…开关

和

DBCC CHECKIDENT

（或者不包括-，但似乎手动设置种子值会更容易、更安全

显然，如果没有新行被添加到表中（或者只是偶尔添加，比如日常ETL过程），那么这种竞争条件就不会发生，因此

DBCC CHECKIDENT

是可以解决的。

这里介绍了一种很酷的解决方案：

简而言之，在SQL Manager中手动编辑您的表，切换标识，不保存更改，只显示将为更改创建的脚本，复制它并在以后使用它

它节省了大量的时间，因为它（脚本）包含与您更改的表相关的所有外键、索引等。手动写入此内容…但愿如此。

如果原始海报实际上希望将现有列设置为表的

主键，并且实际上不需要将该列设置为标识列（两种不同的事情）然后，可以通过t-SQL执行此操作：
ALTER TABLE [YourTableName]
ADD CONSTRAINT [ColumnToSetAsPrimaryKey] PRIMARY KEY ([ColumnToSetAsPrimaryKey])

请注意主键
选项后列名周围的括号
虽然这篇文章很旧，我对请求者的需求做了一个假设，但我觉得这些额外的信息可能会对遇到此线程的用户有所帮助，因为我相信对话可能会让人相信，如果不先将现有列添加为新列，则无法将其设置为主键，这将是不正确的ct.
我是一名java开发人员，碰巧加入了一个没有DBA的团队，作为一名开发人员，我无法获得DBA权限。我的任务是在两个数据库之间移动整个架构，因此没有DBA，我必须通过运行脚本来完成，因为我没有管理员权限，所以无法在SQL Server 2008中使用GUI埃格斯
但是，当在new schema.table上运行存储过程时，我发现我丢失了表中的标识字段。我仔细检查了创建表的脚本，它就在那里，但是SQL Server在我运行脚本时没有得到它。后来一位DBA告诉我，他以前也看到过同样的问题
在任何情况下，对于SQL Server 2008，我采取了以下步骤来解决此问题，并且这些步骤都很有效，因此我将此发布在这里，希望它能对其他人有所帮助。这就是我所做的，因为我对另一个表有FK依赖关系，这使得解决此问题更加困难：
我使用此查询来验证标识是否确实丢失，并查看表上的依赖项
1.）在表中查找统计信息：
exec sp_help 'dbo.table_name_old';

2.）创建一个重复的、完全相同的新表，除了在PK字段上添加一个以前存在的标识字段之外
3.）禁用标识以移动数据
SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.table_name ON 

4.）传输数据
INSERT INTO dbo.table_name_new
(
field1, field2, etc...
)
SELECT 
field1, field2, etc...
FROM 
dbo.table_name_old;

5.）验证数据是否存在
SELECT * FROM dbo.table_name_new

6.）重新启用标识
SET IDENTITY_INSERT ToyRecP.ToyAwards.lkpFile_New OFF

7.这是我找到的最好的脚本，可以获取所有FK关系，以验证原始表引用哪些表作为依赖项
我遇到了很多，所以它是一个守门员
SELECT f.name AS ForeignKey,
   OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) AS TableName,
   COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id, fc.parent_column_id) AS ColumnName,
   OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id) AS ReferenceTableName,
   COL_NAME(fc.referenced_object_id, fc.referenced_column_id) AS ReferenceColumnName
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS f
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc
   ON f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id
   ORDER BY ReferenceTableName;

8.）在执行下一步之前，确保您拥有所有相关表的所有PK和FK脚本
9.）您可以右键单击每个键并使用SQL Server 2008编写脚本
10.）使用以下语法从依赖项表中删除FK：
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[table_name] DROP CONSTRAINT [Name_of_FK]

11.）删除原始表格：
DROP TABLE dbo.table_name_old;

13.）接下来的这些步骤依赖于您在SQL Server 2008步骤9中创建的脚本
--将PK添加到新表中
--将FK添加到新表中
--将FK添加回依赖项表
14.）验证所有内容是否正确和完整。我使用GUI查看表格
15.）将新表重命名为原始表名
exec sp_RENAME '[Schema_Name.OldTableName]' , '[NewTableName]';

最后，一切都成功了
 基本上有四个逻辑步骤
创建一个新的标识列。为此新列启用“插入标识”
ALTER TABLE FooTable
ADD BarColumn INT IDENTITY(1, 1)
               NOT NULL
               PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

将源列（要转换为标识的列）中的数据插入此新列
ALTER TABLE FooTable
ADD BarColumn INT IDENTITY(1, 1)
               NOT NULL
               PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

关闭新列的插入标识
ALTER TABLE FooTable
ADD BarColumn INT IDENTITY(1, 1)
               NOT NULL
               PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

删除源列并将新列重命名为源列的名称
可能还有一些更复杂的问题，如跨多个服务器工作等
请参阅以下文章了解步骤（使用ssms和T-sql）。这些步骤适用于对T-SQL掌握较少的初学者
为主键为bigint且没有标识集的所有表生成脚本；这将返回每个表中生成的脚本列表
SET NOCOUNT ON;

declare @sql table(s varchar(max), id int identity)

DECLARE @table_name nvarchar(max),
        @table_schema nvarchar(max);

DECLARE vendor_cursor CURSOR FOR 
SELECT
  t.name, s.name
FROM sys.schemas AS s
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS t
  ON s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id]
WHERE EXISTS (
    SELECT
    [c].[name]
    from sys.columns [c]
    join sys.types [y] on [y].system_type_id = [c].system_type_id
    where [c].[object_id] = [t].[object_id] and [y].name = 'bigint' and [c].[column_id] = 1
) and NOT EXISTS 
(
  SELECT 1 FROM sys.identity_columns
    WHERE [object_id] = t.[object_id]
) and exists (
    select 1 from sys.indexes as [i] 
    inner join sys.index_columns as [ic]  ON  i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
    where object_name([ic].[object_id]) = [t].[name]
)
OPEN vendor_cursor

FETCH NEXT FROM vendor_cursor 
INTO @table_name, @table_schema

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN

DELETE FROM @sql

declare @pkname varchar(100),
    @pkcol nvarchar(100)

SELECT  top 1
        @pkname = i.name,
        @pkcol = COL_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID,ic.column_id)
FROM    sys.indexes AS [i]
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS [ic] ON  i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
WHERE   i.is_primary_key = 1 and OBJECT_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID) = @table_name

declare @q nvarchar(max) = 'SELECT  '+@pkcol+' FROM ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'] ORDER BY '+@pkcol+' DESC'

DECLARE @ident_seed nvarchar(max) -- Change this to the datatype that you are after
SET @q = REPLACE(@q, 'SELECT', 'SELECT TOP 1 @output = ')
EXEC sp_executeSql @q, N'@output bigint OUTPUT', @ident_seed OUTPUT

insert into  @sql(s) values ('BEGIN TRANSACTION')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('BEGIN TRY')

-- create statement
insert into  @sql(s) values ('create table ['+@table_schema+'].[' + @table_name + '_Temp] (')

-- column list
insert into @sql(s) 
select 
    '  ['+[c].[name]+'] ' +
    y.name + 

    (case when [y].[name] like '%varchar' then
    coalesce('('+(case when ([c].[max_length] < 0 or [c].[max_length] >= 1024) then 'max' else cast([c].max_length as varchar) end)+')','')
    else '' end)

     + ' ' +
    case when [c].name = @pkcol then 'IDENTITY(' +COALESCE(@ident_seed, '1')+',1)' else '' end + ' ' +
    ( case when c.is_nullable = 0 then 'NOT ' else '' end ) + 'NULL ' + 
    coalesce('DEFAULT ('+(
        REPLACE(
            REPLACE(
                LTrim(
                    RTrim(
                        REPLACE(
                            REPLACE(
                                REPLACE(
                                    REPLACE(
                                        LTrim(
                                            RTrim(
                                                REPLACE(
                                                    REPLACE(
                                                        object_definition([c].default_object_id)
                                                    ,' ','~')
                                                ,')',' ')
                                            )
                                        )
                                    ,' ','*')
                                ,'~',' ')
                            ,' ','~')
                        ,'(',' ')
                    )
                )
            ,' ','*')
        ,'~',' ')
    ) +
    case when object_definition([c].default_object_id) like '%get%date%' then '()' else '' end
    +
    ')','') + ','
 from sys.columns c
 JOIN sys.types y ON y.system_type_id = c.system_type_id
  where OBJECT_NAME(c.[object_id]) = @table_name and [y].name != 'sysname'
 order by [c].column_id


 update @sql set s=left(s,len(s)-1) where id=@@identity

-- closing bracket
insert into @sql(s) values( ')' )

insert into @sql(s) values( 'SET IDENTITY_INSERT ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp] ON')

declare @cols nvarchar(max)
SELECT @cols = STUFF(
    (
        select ',['+c.name+']'
        from sys.columns c
        JOIN sys.types y ON y.system_type_id = c.system_type_id
        where c.[object_id] = OBJECT_ID(@table_name)
        and [y].name != 'sysname'
        and [y].name != 'timestamp'
        order by [c].column_id
        FOR XML PATH ('')
     )
    , 1, 1, '')

insert into @sql(s) values( 'IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'])')
insert into @sql(s) values( 'EXEC(''INSERT INTO ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp] ('+@cols+')')
insert into @sql(s) values( 'SELECT '+@cols+' FROM ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+']'')')

insert into @sql(s) values( 'SET IDENTITY_INSERT ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp] OFF')


insert into @sql(s) values( 'DROP TABLE ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+']')

insert into @sql(s) values( 'EXECUTE sp_rename N''['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp]'', N'''+@table_name+''', ''OBJECT''')

if ( @pkname is not null ) begin
    insert into @sql(s) values('ALTER TABLE ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'] ADD CONSTRAINT ['+@pkname+'] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (')
    insert into @sql(s)
        select '  ['+COLUMN_NAME+'] ASC,' from information_schema.key_column_usage
        where constraint_name = @pkname
        GROUP BY COLUMN_NAME, ordinal_position
        order by ordinal_position

    -- remove trailing comma
    update @sql set s=left(s,len(s)-1) where id=@@identity
    insert into @sql(s) values ('  )')
end

insert into  @sql(s) values ('--Run your Statements')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('COMMIT TRANSACTION')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('END TRY')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('BEGIN CATCH')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        ROLLBACK TRANSACTION')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        DECLARE @Msg NVARCHAR(MAX)  ')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        SELECT @Msg=ERROR_MESSAGE() ')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        RAISERROR(''Error Occured: %s'', 20, 101,@msg) WITH LOG')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('END CATCH')

declare @fqry nvarchar(max)

-- result!
SELECT @fqry = (select char(10) + s from @sql order by id FOR XML PATH (''))


SELECT @table_name as [Table_Name], @fqry as [Generated_Query]
PRINT 'Table: '+@table_name
EXEC sp_executeSql @fqry

    FETCH NEXT FROM vendor_cursor 
    INTO @table_name, @table_schema
END 
CLOSE vendor_cursor;
DEALLOCATE vendor_cursor;

设置不计数；
声明@sql表（s varchar（max），id int-identity）
声明@table_name nvarchar（最大值），
@表2-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-2；
声明供应商\u光标
挑选
t、 姓名
从sys.schemas作为
SET NOCOUNT ON;

declare @sql table(s varchar(max), id int identity)

DECLARE @table_name nvarchar(max),
        @table_schema nvarchar(max);

DECLARE vendor_cursor CURSOR FOR 
SELECT
  t.name, s.name
FROM sys.schemas AS s
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS t
  ON s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id]
WHERE EXISTS (
    SELECT
    [c].[name]
    from sys.columns [c]
    join sys.types [y] on [y].system_type_id = [c].system_type_id
    where [c].[object_id] = [t].[object_id] and [y].name = 'bigint' and [c].[column_id] = 1
) and NOT EXISTS 
(
  SELECT 1 FROM sys.identity_columns
    WHERE [object_id] = t.[object_id]
) and exists (
    select 1 from sys.indexes as [i] 
    inner join sys.index_columns as [ic]  ON  i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
    where object_name([ic].[object_id]) = [t].[name]
)
OPEN vendor_cursor

FETCH NEXT FROM vendor_cursor 
INTO @table_name, @table_schema

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN

DELETE FROM @sql

declare @pkname varchar(100),
    @pkcol nvarchar(100)

SELECT  top 1
        @pkname = i.name,
        @pkcol = COL_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID,ic.column_id)
FROM    sys.indexes AS [i]
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS [ic] ON  i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
WHERE   i.is_primary_key = 1 and OBJECT_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID) = @table_name

declare @q nvarchar(max) = 'SELECT  '+@pkcol+' FROM ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'] ORDER BY '+@pkcol+' DESC'

DECLARE @ident_seed nvarchar(max) -- Change this to the datatype that you are after
SET @q = REPLACE(@q, 'SELECT', 'SELECT TOP 1 @output = ')
EXEC sp_executeSql @q, N'@output bigint OUTPUT', @ident_seed OUTPUT

insert into  @sql(s) values ('BEGIN TRANSACTION')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('BEGIN TRY')

-- create statement
insert into  @sql(s) values ('create table ['+@table_schema+'].[' + @table_name + '_Temp] (')

-- column list
insert into @sql(s) 
select 
    '  ['+[c].[name]+'] ' +
    y.name + 

    (case when [y].[name] like '%varchar' then
    coalesce('('+(case when ([c].[max_length] < 0 or [c].[max_length] >= 1024) then 'max' else cast([c].max_length as varchar) end)+')','')
    else '' end)

     + ' ' +
    case when [c].name = @pkcol then 'IDENTITY(' +COALESCE(@ident_seed, '1')+',1)' else '' end + ' ' +
    ( case when c.is_nullable = 0 then 'NOT ' else '' end ) + 'NULL ' + 
    coalesce('DEFAULT ('+(
        REPLACE(
            REPLACE(
                LTrim(
                    RTrim(
                        REPLACE(
                            REPLACE(
                                REPLACE(
                                    REPLACE(
                                        LTrim(
                                            RTrim(
                                                REPLACE(
                                                    REPLACE(
                                                        object_definition([c].default_object_id)
                                                    ,' ','~')
                                                ,')',' ')
                                            )
                                        )
                                    ,' ','*')
                                ,'~',' ')
                            ,' ','~')
                        ,'(',' ')
                    )
                )
            ,' ','*')
        ,'~',' ')
    ) +
    case when object_definition([c].default_object_id) like '%get%date%' then '()' else '' end
    +
    ')','') + ','
 from sys.columns c
 JOIN sys.types y ON y.system_type_id = c.system_type_id
  where OBJECT_NAME(c.[object_id]) = @table_name and [y].name != 'sysname'
 order by [c].column_id


 update @sql set s=left(s,len(s)-1) where id=@@identity

-- closing bracket
insert into @sql(s) values( ')' )

insert into @sql(s) values( 'SET IDENTITY_INSERT ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp] ON')

declare @cols nvarchar(max)
SELECT @cols = STUFF(
    (
        select ',['+c.name+']'
        from sys.columns c
        JOIN sys.types y ON y.system_type_id = c.system_type_id
        where c.[object_id] = OBJECT_ID(@table_name)
        and [y].name != 'sysname'
        and [y].name != 'timestamp'
        order by [c].column_id
        FOR XML PATH ('')
     )
    , 1, 1, '')

insert into @sql(s) values( 'IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'])')
insert into @sql(s) values( 'EXEC(''INSERT INTO ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp] ('+@cols+')')
insert into @sql(s) values( 'SELECT '+@cols+' FROM ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+']'')')

insert into @sql(s) values( 'SET IDENTITY_INSERT ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp] OFF')


insert into @sql(s) values( 'DROP TABLE ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+']')

insert into @sql(s) values( 'EXECUTE sp_rename N''['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'_Temp]'', N'''+@table_name+''', ''OBJECT''')

if ( @pkname is not null ) begin
    insert into @sql(s) values('ALTER TABLE ['+@table_schema+'].['+@table_name+'] ADD CONSTRAINT ['+@pkname+'] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (')
    insert into @sql(s)
        select '  ['+COLUMN_NAME+'] ASC,' from information_schema.key_column_usage
        where constraint_name = @pkname
        GROUP BY COLUMN_NAME, ordinal_position
        order by ordinal_position

    -- remove trailing comma
    update @sql set s=left(s,len(s)-1) where id=@@identity
    insert into @sql(s) values ('  )')
end

insert into  @sql(s) values ('--Run your Statements')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('COMMIT TRANSACTION')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('END TRY')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('BEGIN CATCH')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        ROLLBACK TRANSACTION')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        DECLARE @Msg NVARCHAR(MAX)  ')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        SELECT @Msg=ERROR_MESSAGE() ')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('        RAISERROR(''Error Occured: %s'', 20, 101,@msg) WITH LOG')
insert into  @sql(s) values ('END CATCH')

declare @fqry nvarchar(max)

-- result!
SELECT @fqry = (select char(10) + s from @sql order by id FOR XML PATH (''))


SELECT @table_name as [Table_Name], @fqry as [Generated_Query]
PRINT 'Table: '+@table_name
EXEC sp_executeSql @fqry

    FETCH NEXT FROM vendor_cursor 
    INTO @table_name, @table_schema
END 
CLOSE vendor_cursor;
DEALLOCATE vendor_cursor;

EXEC sp_RENAME 'AdminUsers.UserID' , 'OldUserID', 'COLUMN'

ALTER TABLE TableName ADD Old_ColumnName INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1)

ALTER TABLE Users ADD UserID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1)

ALTER TABLE Table_Name DROP COLUMN Renamed_ColumnName

ALTER TABLE Users DROP COLUMN OldUserID

CREATE SEQUENCE  sequence_name START WITH here_higher_number_than_max_existed_value_in_column INCREMENT BY 1;

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name DEFAULT NEXT VALUE FOR sequence_name FOR column_name

--first drop column and add with identity
ALTER TABLE dbo.tblProductPriceList drop column ID 
ALTER TABLE dbo.tblProductPriceList add ID INT IDENTITY(1,1)

--then add primary key to that column (exist option you can ignore)
IF  NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.key_constraints  WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[PK_tblProductPriceList]') AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[tblProductPriceList]'))
    ALTER TABLE [tblProductPriceList] ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)
GO