安装在Mac上的Sass 3.4.9（10.9.5）；罗盘不会安装；已安装XCode

首先，我是Sass/Compass/Ruby的新手

Ruby安装为2.0——Ruby 2.0.0p481（2014-05-08修订版45883）[universal.x86_64-darwin13]

第二，安装了XCode——版本6.1.1（6A2008a）

第三，使用Sass和Compass in Action的说明（2013年，荷兰等），我安装了Sass

$sudo gem install sass -- it installed as version 3.4.9

那么

因此，在阅读了有关版本不兼容的内容后，我卸载了Sass，并尝试使用以下方法一起重新安装Sass/Compass：

$sudo gem install compass

现在我得到了以下信息，除了没有安装Sass之外，与前面的一组错误消息相同：

Cairo-401:~ michael$ sudo gem install compass
Password:
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing compass:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
    /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20141230-2901-do0h0m.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
    --with-ffi_c-dir
    --without-ffi_c-dir
    --with-ffi_c-include
    --without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
    --with-ffi_c-lib
    --without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/
    --with-libffi-config
    --without-libffi-config
    --with-pkg-config
    --without-pkg-config
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `block in try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:502:in `with_werror'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1044:in `block in have_header'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895:in `block in checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:336:in `postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in `checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1043:in `have_header'
    from extconf.rb:16:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/ffi-1.9.6 for inspection.
>Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-13/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.6/gem_make.out
Cairo-401:~ michael$ sass -v
-bash: sass: command not found
Cairo-401:~ michael$ 

Cairo-401:~michael$sudo gem安装指南针
密码：
构建本机扩展。这可能需要一段时间。。。
错误：安装指南针时出错：
错误：无法生成gem本机扩展。
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/Ruby-r./siteconf20141230-2901-do0h0m.rb extconf.rb
正在检查ffi.h.。**extconf.rb失败***
由于某些原因无法创建Makefile，可能缺少必要的
库和/或标题。有关详细信息，请查看mkmf.log文件。你可以
需要配置选项。
提供的配置选项：
--使用opt dir
--不带opt dir
--选择包含
--不带opt include=${opt dir}/include
--使用opt lib
--不带opt lib=${opt dir}/lib
--用make prog
--没有make prog
--srcdir=。
--库尔迪尔
--ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
--带-ffi_c-dir
--不带-ffi_c-dir
--带-ffi_c-include
--不带-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
--带-ffi_c-lib
--不带-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/
--使用libffi配置
--没有libffi配置
--使用pkg配置
--没有pkg配置
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:在“try_do”中：编译器未能生成可执行文件。（运行时错误）
您必须首先安装开发工具。
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in'block in try_compile'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:502:in'with_werror'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in'try_compile'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1044:in'block in have_header'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895:in'block in checking_'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in'block（2层）in
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in'open'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in'block in delay'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in'open'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:336:in“推迟”
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in'checking_'
from/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/Ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1043:in'have_header'
来自extconf.rb:16:in`'
extconf失败，退出代码1
Gem文件仍将安装在/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/Gems/ffi-1.9.6中以供检查。
>结果记录到/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-13/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.6/gem_make.out
开罗401：~michael$sass-v
-bash:sass:未找到命令
开罗401：~michael$

谢谢你的建议

---

更新：2014年2月1日

---

我安装了OS 10.10.1，更新了Xcode，然后用“$sudo gem install compass”命令重新安装。Sass和Compass均未安装挂接装置

我也有同样的问题。关于这方面的信息很少，但其他人似乎都能够毫不费力地安装sass和compass。我将在这里关注解决方案。

Cairo-401:~ michael$ sudo gem install compass
Password:
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing compass:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
    /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20141230-2901-do0h0m.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
    --with-ffi_c-dir
    --without-ffi_c-dir
    --with-ffi_c-include
    --without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
    --with-ffi_c-lib
    --without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/
    --with-libffi-config
    --without-libffi-config
    --with-pkg-config
    --without-pkg-config
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `block in try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:502:in `with_werror'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1044:in `block in have_header'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895:in `block in checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:336:in `postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in `checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1043:in `have_header'
    from extconf.rb:16:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/ffi-1.9.6 for inspection.
>Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-13/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.6/gem_make.out
Cairo-401:~ michael$ sass -v
-bash: sass: command not found
Cairo-401:~ michael$