android.os.FileUrieExposedException：file:///storage/emulated/0/Pictures/picFolder/1.jpg 通过ClipData.Item.getUri（）在应用程序之外公开

我正在尝试使用以下代码从手机摄像头拍照：

activity_main.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnCapture"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Camera" />

</LinearLayout>

我还向Manifest.xml添加了以下权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

舱单：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    package="com.m.textdetection">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.my.package.name.provider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true"
            tools:replace="android:authorities">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/provider_paths"
                tools:replace="android:resource"/>
        </provider>

    </application>

</manifest>

这是新的错误：

java.lang.NullPointerException:尝试调用虚拟方法 'android.content.res.XmlResourceParser android.content.pm.ProviderInfo.loadXmlMetaData（android.content.pm.PackageManager， java.lang.String）“”在空对象引用上

发生在此行中：

        Uri outputFileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID, newfile);

Edir2：

package com.m.textdetection;


import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;

import com.googlecode.tesseract.android.TessBaseAPI;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

public class MyTessOCR {
    private String datapath;
    private TessBaseAPI mTess;
    Context context;
    public MyTessOCR(Context context)
    {
        this.context = context;
        datapath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/ocrctz/";
        File dir = new File(datapath + "/tessdata/");
        File file = new File(datapath + "/tessdata/" + "eng.traineddata");
        if (!file.exists())
        {
            Log.d("mylog", "in file doesn't exist");
            dir.mkdirs();
            copyFile(context);
        }

        mTess = new TessBaseAPI();
        String language = "eng";
        mTess.init(datapath, language);
        //Auto only
        mTess.setPageSegMode(TessBaseAPI.PageSegMode.PSM_AUTO_ONLY);
    }

    public void stopRecognition() {
        mTess.stop();
    }

    public String getOCRResult(Bitmap bitmap)
    {
        mTess.setImage(bitmap);
        String result = mTess.getUTF8Text();
        return result;
    }

    public void onDestroy()
    {
        if (mTess != null)
            mTess.end();
    }

    private void copyFile(Context context)
    {
        AssetManager assetManager = context.getAssets();
        try
        {   InputStream in = assetManager.open("eng.traineddata");
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(datapath + "/tessdata/" + "eng.traineddata");
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int read = in.read(buffer);
            while (read != -1) {
                out.write(buffer, 0, read);
                read = in.read(buffer);            }
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            Log.d("mylog", "couldn't copy with the following error : "+e.toString());
        }
    }
}

---

如果您的targetSdkVersion>=24，则我们必须使用FileProvider类授予对特定文件或文件夹的访问权限，以使其他应用程序可以访问这些文件或文件夹

1） 首先在标记下的AndroidManifest.xml中添加FileProvider标记，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    ...
    <application
        ...
        <provider
        android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
        android:authorities="${applicationId}.my.package.name.provider"
        android:exported="false"
        android:grantUriPermissions="true"
        tools:replace="android:authorities">
        <meta-data
            android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
            android:resource="@xml/provider_paths"
            tools:replace="android:resource"/>
    </provider> 
    </application>
</manifest>

Uri outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(newfile);

到

更新#1 使用以下内容更新MainActivity.java：

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.FileProvider;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

//    private MyTessOCR mTessOCR = new MyTessOCR(MainActivity.this);

    private Button takePictureButton;
    private ImageView imageView;





    int TAKE_PHOTO_CODE = 0;
    public static int count = 0;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        if (checkPermissions()){
            //  permissions  granted.

        }

        final String dir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES) + "/picFolder/";
        File newdir = new File(dir);
        if (!newdir.exists()) {
            newdir.mkdir();
        }

        Button capture = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCapture);
        capture.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {

                // Here, the counter will be incremented each time, and the
                // picture taken by camera will be stored as 1.jpg,2.jpg
                // and likewise.
                count++;
                String file = dir+count+".jpg";
                File newfile = new File(file);
                try {
                    newfile.createNewFile();
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                }

                //     Uri outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(newfile);
                Uri outputFileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID, newfile);

                Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
                cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, outputFileUri);

                startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, TAKE_PHOTO_CODE);
            }
        });


    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data)
    {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (requestCode == TAKE_PHOTO_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            Log.d("CameraDemo", "Pic saved");
        }
    }





    public static final int MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS = 10; // code you want.

    String[] permissions= new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};




    private  boolean checkPermissions() {
        int result;
        List<String> listPermissionsNeeded = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String p:permissions) {
            result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,p);
            if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                listPermissionsNeeded.add(p);
            }
        }
        if (!listPermissionsNeeded.isEmpty()) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, listPermissionsNeeded.toArray(new String[listPermissionsNeeded.size()]),MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS );
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }


    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS:{
                if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    // permissions granted.
                } else {
//                    Toast.makeText(this, "Go to settings and enable permissions", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
//                            .show();
                    }
                    // permissions list of don't granted permission
                }
                return;
            }
        }



    private void doOCR()
    {
        //   String temp = mTessOCR.getOCRResult(bitmap);

    }
}

导入android.Manifest；
导入android.content.Intent；
导入android.content.pm.PackageManager；
导入android.net.Uri；
导入android.os.Build；
导入android.os.Environment；
导入android.provider.MediaStore；
导入android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat；
导入android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat；
导入android.support.v4.content.FileProvider；
导入android.support.v7.app.AppActivity；
导入android.os.Bundle；
导入android.util.Log；
导入android.view.view；
导入android.widget.Button；
导入android.widget.ImageView；
导入android.widget.Toast；
导入java.io.File；
导入java.io.IOException；
导入java.util.ArrayList；
导入java.util.List；
公共类MainActivity扩展了AppCompatActivity{
//私有MyTessOCR mTessOCR=新的MyTessOCR（MainActivity.this）；
私人按钮takePictureButton；
私人影像视图；
int TAKE_PHOTO_CODE=0；
公共静态整数计数=0；
@凌驾
创建时受保护的void（Bundle savedInstanceState）
{
super.onCreate（savedInstanceState）；
setContentView（R.layout.activity_main）；
if（checkPermissions（））{
//已授予权限。
}
最后一个字符串dir=Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory（Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES）+“/picFolder/”；
文件newdir=新文件（dir）；
如果（！newdir.exists（））{
newdir.mkdir（）；
}
按钮捕获=（按钮）findViewById（R.id.btnCapture）；
capture.setOnClickListener（新视图.OnClickListener（）{
公共void onClick（视图v）{
//在这里，计数器将每次递增，并且
//相机拍摄的照片将存储为1.jpg、2.jpg
//同样地。
计数++；
字符串文件=dir+count+“.jpg”；
File newfile=新文件（File）；
试一试{
createNewFile（）；
}
捕获（IOE异常）
{
}
//urioutputfileuri=Uri.fromFile（newfile）；
Uri outputFileUri=FileProvider.getUriForFile（MainActivity.this，BuildConfig.APPLICATION\u ID，newfile）；
Intent cameraIntent=新的Intent（MediaStore.ACTION\u IMAGE\u CAPTURE）；
cameraIntent.putExtra（MediaStore.EXTRA_输出，outputFileUri）；
startActivityForResult（拍摄帐篷、拍照代码）；
}
});
}
@凌驾
受保护的void onActivityResult（int请求代码、int结果代码、意图数据）
{
super.onActivityResult（请求代码、结果代码、数据）；
如果（请求代码==拍摄照片\u代码和结果代码==结果\u确定）{
Log.d（“CameraDemo”，“Pic已保存”）；
}
}
public static final int MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS=10；//需要的代码。
字符串[]权限=新字符串[]{
Manifest.permission.WRITE\u外部存储，
舱单，许可，摄像机，
Manifest.permission.ACCESS\u位置，
Manifest.permission.ACCESS\u FINE\u LOCATION}；
私有布尔检查权限（）{
int结果；
List ListPermissionsNeed=new ArrayList（）；
for（字符串p：权限）{
结果=ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission（MainActivity.this，p）；
如果（结果！=已授予PackageManager.PERMISSION）{
所需的列表权限。添加（p）；
}
}
如果（！ListPermissionsNeed.isEmpty（））{
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions（此，ListPermissionsNeed.toArray（新字符串[ListPermissionsNeed.size（）），多个\u权限）；
返回false；
}
返回true；
}
@凌驾
public void onRequestPermissionsResult（int-requestCode，字符串权限[]，int[]grantResults）{
开关（请求代码）{
案例多个_权限：{
if（grantResults.length>0&&grantResults[0]==PackageManager.PERMISSION\u已授予）{
//已授予权限。
}否则{
//Toast.makeText（这是“转到设置并启用权限”，Toast.LENGTH\u LONG）
//.show（）；
}
//未授予权限的权限列表
}
返回；
}
}
私有无效doOCR（）
{
//字符串temp=mTessOCR.getOCRResult（位图）；
}
}

试试这个！只需在activity onCreate（）中粘贴以下代码

---

它将忽略URI暴露

非常感谢，但我对这行代码有一个问题

android:name=“.GenericFileProvider”

。它是红色的，当我将其更改为

.MainActivity

时，它会在你的应用程序build.gradle中显示

它未分配给contentProvider

，添加此依赖项：

编译'com.android.support:support-v4:27.0.2'

，然后将

android:name=“.GenericFileProvider”

替换为

android:name=“android.support.v4.c>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    ...
    <application
        ...
        <provider
        android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
        android:authorities="${applicationId}.my.package.name.provider"
        android:exported="false"
        android:grantUriPermissions="true"
        tools:replace="android:authorities">
        <meta-data
            android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
            android:resource="@xml/provider_paths"
            tools:replace="android:resource"/>
    </provider> 
    </application>
</manifest>

<paths>
    <external-path name="external_files" path="."/>
</paths>

Uri outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(newfile);

Uri outputFileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID, newfile);

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.FileProvider;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

//    private MyTessOCR mTessOCR = new MyTessOCR(MainActivity.this);

    private Button takePictureButton;
    private ImageView imageView;





    int TAKE_PHOTO_CODE = 0;
    public static int count = 0;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        if (checkPermissions()){
            //  permissions  granted.

        }

        final String dir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES) + "/picFolder/";
        File newdir = new File(dir);
        if (!newdir.exists()) {
            newdir.mkdir();
        }

        Button capture = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCapture);
        capture.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {

                // Here, the counter will be incremented each time, and the
                // picture taken by camera will be stored as 1.jpg,2.jpg
                // and likewise.
                count++;
                String file = dir+count+".jpg";
                File newfile = new File(file);
                try {
                    newfile.createNewFile();
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                }

                //     Uri outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(newfile);
                Uri outputFileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID, newfile);

                Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
                cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, outputFileUri);

                startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, TAKE_PHOTO_CODE);
            }
        });


    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data)
    {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (requestCode == TAKE_PHOTO_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            Log.d("CameraDemo", "Pic saved");
        }
    }





    public static final int MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS = 10; // code you want.

    String[] permissions= new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};




    private  boolean checkPermissions() {
        int result;
        List<String> listPermissionsNeeded = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String p:permissions) {
            result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,p);
            if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                listPermissionsNeeded.add(p);
            }
        }
        if (!listPermissionsNeeded.isEmpty()) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, listPermissionsNeeded.toArray(new String[listPermissionsNeeded.size()]),MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS );
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }


    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS:{
                if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    // permissions granted.
                } else {
//                    Toast.makeText(this, "Go to settings and enable permissions", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
//                            .show();
                    }
                    // permissions list of don't granted permission
                }
                return;
            }
        }



    private void doOCR()
    {
        //   String temp = mTessOCR.getOCRResult(bitmap);

    }
}

StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder builder = new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder();
StrictMode.setVmPolicy(builder.build());