如何在iOS中发送和接收web服务请求和响应？

我有一个基于ApacheCXF的web服务和Android应用程序，它使用下面的代码向它发送请求

现在，我想编写一个简单的iOS应用程序，它将相同的请求发送到相同的web服务，但来自iOS设备

学习如何使用英语的好起点是什么

JSON

发送web服务请求和

从服务器接收响应

在目标C中

SaveLocationAsyncTask.java

public class SaveLocationAsyncTask extends
        AbstractAsyncTask<SaveLocationRequest, SaveLocationResponse> implements
        ISaveLocationAsyncTask {
    private static final String SERVICE_NAME = "SaveLocation";

    public SaveLocationAsyncTask(final IWebServiceTaskHelper aHelper,
            final ILogger aLogger, final IServerUrlStorage aServerUrlStorage) {
        super(aHelper, SaveLocationResponse.class, aLogger,
                new CbResponseParser<SaveLocationResponse>(), aServerUrlStorage,
                SERVICE_NAME);
    }
}

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class AbstractAsyncTask<Request, Response> extends
        AsyncTask<String, String, Response> implements
        IRequestSender<Request, Response> {

    private static final String REQUEST_AS_JSON_PARAMETER_NAME = "request";
    private IWebServiceTaskHelper helper;
    private Class<Response> responseClass;
    private ILogger logger = null;
    private IResponseParser<Response> responseParser = null;
    private IServerUrlStorage serverUrlStorage;
    private String serviceName;

    public AbstractAsyncTask(final IWebServiceTaskHelper aHelper,
                             final Class<Response> aResponseClass, final ILogger aLogger,
                             final IResponseParser<Response> aResponseParser,
                             final IServerUrlStorage aServerUrlStorage, final String aServiceName) {
        helper = aHelper;
        responseClass = aResponseClass;
        logger = aLogger;
        responseParser = aResponseParser;
        serverUrlStorage = aServerUrlStorage;
        serviceName = aServiceName;
    }

    private String convertToJson(final Object aRequest) {
        final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = null;

        try {
            json = mapper.writeValueAsString(aRequest);
        } catch (final JsonProcessingException exception) {
            logger.error(exception);
        }
        return json;
    }

    @Override
    protected Response doInBackground(final String... aParams) {
        logger.debug("doInBackground: " + aParams);
        return new ResponseProcessor<Response>(logger, helper, responseParser,
                responseClass).processResponse(aParams);
    }

    @Override
    public Response sendRequest(final Request aRequest)
            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        final String json = convertToJson(aRequest);
        final String url = serverUrlStorage.getServerUrl() + serviceName;

        helper.addNameValuePair(REQUEST_AS_JSON_PARAMETER_NAME, json);

        execute(url);

        return get();
    }
}

beans.xml的片段：

web服务

TestMessage

的URL似乎是

http://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD:8080/mobilecsdemo-服务器/mobilecsdemo/TestMessage

在iOS端发送请求的代码：

NSDictionary *data = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"test sending ios" forKey:@"message"];
NSError *error;
NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:data options:kNilOptions error:&error];

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD:8080/mobilecsdemo-server/mobilecsdemo/TestMessage"];
NSMutableURLRequest *req = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:nil timeoutInterval:60];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[req setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [jsonData length]] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[req setHTTPBody:jsonData];
NSString *retStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:req returningResponse:nil error:nil] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

NSLog(@"Response: %@", retStr);

http://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD:8080/mobilecsdemo-服务器/mobilecsdemo？_wadl

显示以下内容：

<application xmlns="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <grammars/>
    <resources base="http://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD:8080/mobilecsdemo-server/mobilecsdemo/">
        <resource path="/TestMessage">
            <method name="POST">
                <request>
                    <representation mediaType="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">
                        <param name="request" style="query" type="xs:string"/>
                    </representation>
                </request>
                <response>
                    <representation mediaType="text/plain">
                        <param name="result" style="plain" type="xs:string"/>
                    </representation>
                </response>
            </method>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</application>

---

这将为你服务。根据需要调整词典

NSDictionary *data = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"test sending ios" forKey:@"value1"];
NSError *error;
NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:data options:kNilOptions error:&error];

    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://webserveraddress"];
NSMutableURLRequest *req = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:nil timeoutInterval:60];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[req setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [jsonData length]] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[req setHTTPBody:jsonData];
NSString *retStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:req returningResponse:nil error:nil] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

此外，NSURLConnection还有一种异步方法：

    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:req queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *res3, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError) {
NSString *retStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data];
}

---

正如Rohan Panchal在评论中提到的，它是一个非常好的第三方库，很好地包装了这些方法。我个人更喜欢裸骨连接方式。

这将很好地为您服务。还有其他一些库，例如AFNEtworking，它将NSURLConnection类包装在一个易于使用的界面中，但是学习barebones networking库的工作原理是必不可少的，而且实际上对您来说可能会容易得多。@DJ_electr0谢谢，发送请求似乎可行，但存在一些问题-请参阅我的更新1。

NSDictionary *data = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"test sending ios" forKey:@"message"];
NSError *error;
NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:data options:kNilOptions error:&error];

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD:8080/mobilecsdemo-server/mobilecsdemo/TestMessage"];
NSMutableURLRequest *req = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:nil timeoutInterval:60];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[req setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [jsonData length]] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[req setHTTPBody:jsonData];
NSString *retStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:req returningResponse:nil error:nil] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

NSLog(@"Response: %@", retStr);

<application xmlns="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <grammars/>
    <resources base="http://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD:8080/mobilecsdemo-server/mobilecsdemo/">
        <resource path="/TestMessage">
            <method name="POST">
                <request>
                    <representation mediaType="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">
                        <param name="request" style="query" type="xs:string"/>
                    </representation>
                </request>
                <response>
                    <representation mediaType="text/plain">
                        <param name="result" style="plain" type="xs:string"/>
                    </representation>
                </response>
            </method>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</application>

NSDictionary *data = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"test sending ios" forKey:@"message"];
NSError *error;
NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:data options:kNilOptions error:&error];

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD:8080/mobilecsdemo-server/mobilecsdemo/TestMessage"];
NSMutableURLRequest *req = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:nil timeoutInterval:60];


[req setValue:@"application/x-www-form-urlencoded" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[req setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [jsonData length]] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];

NSString* body = @"request={\"message\":\"message content\"}";
NSData *someData = [body dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[req setHTTPBody:someData];
NSString *retStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:req returningResponse:nil error:nil] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

NSLog(@"jsonData: %@", jsonData);
NSLog(@"Response: %@", retStr);

NSDictionary *data = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"test sending ios" forKey:@"value1"];
NSError *error;
NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:data options:kNilOptions error:&error];

    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://webserveraddress"];
NSMutableURLRequest *req = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:nil timeoutInterval:60];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];
[req setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[req setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [jsonData length]] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[req setHTTPBody:jsonData];
NSString *retStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:req returningResponse:nil error:nil] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:req queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *res3, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError) {
NSString *retStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data];
}