Iphone 将NSData序列化为十六进制字符串的最佳方法

我正在寻找一种将NSData对象序列化为十六进制字符串的好方法。其想法是在将其发送到我的服务器之前序列化用于通知的deviceToken

我有以下实现，但我认为必须有一些更短更好的方法来实现它

+ (NSString*) serializeDeviceToken:(NSData*) deviceToken
{
    NSMutableString *str = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:64];
    int length = [deviceToken length];
    char *bytes = malloc(sizeof(char) * length);

    [deviceToken getBytes:bytes length:length];

    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
        [str appendFormat:@"%02.2hhX", bytes[i]];
    }
    free(bytes);

    return str;
}

+（NSString*）序列化deviceToken:（NSData*）deviceToken
{
NSMutableString*str=[NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:64]；
整数长度=[deviceToken长度]；
char*bytes=malloc（sizeof（char）*长度）；
[deviceToken getBytes:字节长度：长度]；
for（int i=0；i

您需要删除空格

---

我个人

base64

对

deviceToken

进行编码，但这是一个品味问题。

将

%08x

更改为

%08x

，以获得大写字符。

我需要一个适用于可变长度字符串的答案，因此我做了以下工作：

+ (NSString *)stringWithHexFromData:(NSData *)data
{
    NSString *result = [[data description] stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
    result = [result substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(1, [result length] - 2)];
    return result;
}

---

非常适合作为NSString类的扩展。

您可以始终使用[yourString uppercaseString]将数据描述中的字母大写。

将NSData序列化/反序列化为NSString的更好方法是使用Base64编码器/解码器。只需拖动到你的应用程序项目中，文件GTMBase64.m，GTMBase64.H.GTM.从包基础上定义H。

/**
 * Serialize NSData to Base64 encoded NSString
 */
-(void) serialize:(NSData*)data {

    self.encodedData = [GTMBase64 stringByEncodingData:data];

}

/**
 * Deserialize Base64 NSString to NSData
 */
-(NSData*) deserialize {

    return [GTMBase64 decodeString:self.encodedData];

}

---

使用NSData的description属性不应被视为对字符串进行十六进制编码的可接受机制。该属性仅用于描述，可以随时更改。值得注意的是，在iOS之前，NSData description属性甚至没有以十六进制形式返回其数据

很抱歉重复这个解决方案，但重要的是要花精力对其进行序列化，而不必借助于用于数据序列化以外的其他用途的API

@implementation NSData (Hex)

- (NSString*)hexString
{
    NSUInteger length = self.length;
    unichar* hexChars = (unichar*)malloc(sizeof(unichar) * (length*2));
    unsigned char* bytes = (unsigned char*)self.bytes;
    for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        unichar c = bytes[i] / 16;
        if (c < 10) {
            c += '0';
        } else {
            c += 'A' - 10;
        }
        hexChars[i*2] = c;

        c = bytes[i] % 16;
        if (c < 10) {
            c += '0';
        } else {
            c += 'A' - 10;
        }
        hexChars[i*2+1] = c;
    }
    NSString* retVal = [[NSString alloc] initWithCharactersNoCopy:hexChars length:length*2 freeWhenDone:YES];
    return [retVal autorelease];
}

@end

实施NSData（十六进制） -（NSString*）十六进制字符串 { NSU整数长度=self.length； unichar*hexChars=（unichar*）malloc（sizeof（unichar）*（长度*2））； 无符号字符*字节=（无符号字符*）self.bytes； 对于（整数i=0；i这是一个应用于我编写的NSData的类别。它返回表示NSData的十六进制NSString，其中数据可以是任意长度。如果NSData为空，则返回空字符串

NSData+Conversion.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface NSData (NSData_Conversion)

#pragma mark - String Conversion
- (NSString *)hexadecimalString;

@end

这“可能”比调用

[someData description]

然后剥离空格，

@implementation NSData（Extn）要好
-（NSString*）说明
{
NSMutableString*str=[[NSMutableString alloc]init]；
const char*bytes=self.bytes；
对于（int i=0；i<[自身长度]；i++）{
[格式：@“%02hhX”，字节[i]]；
}
返回[str自动释放]；
}
@结束
现在可以调用NSLog（@“十六进制值：%@”，data）

我需要解决这个问题，发现这里的答案非常有用，但我担心性能。大多数答案都涉及从NSData中批量复制数据，因此我编写了以下内容，以低开销进行转换：

@interface NSData (HexString)
@end

@implementation NSData (HexString)

- (NSString *)hexString {
    NSMutableString *string = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:self.length * 3];
    [self enumerateByteRangesUsingBlock:^(const void *bytes, NSRange byteRange, BOOL *stop){
        for (NSUInteger offset = 0; offset < byteRange.length; ++offset) {
            uint8_t byte = ((const uint8_t *)bytes)[offset];
            if (string.length == 0)
                [string appendFormat:@"%02X", byte];
            else
                [string appendFormat:@" %02X", byte];
        }
    }];
    return string;
}

直截了当

[string appendFormat:@"%02X", byte];

这里有一个生成十六进制字符串的高度优化的方法。虽然@Dave Gallagher的答案对于相对较小的大小来说已经足够了，但对于大量数据，内存和cpu性能会恶化。我在iphone5上用一个2MB的文件分析了这个问题。时间比较为0.05 vs 12秒。此方法的内存占用可以忽略不计，而另一种方法将堆增加到70MBs

- (NSString *) hexString
{
    NSUInteger bytesCount = self.length;
    if (bytesCount) {
        const char *hexChars = "0123456789ABCDEF";
        const unsigned char *dataBuffer = self.bytes;
        char *chars = malloc(sizeof(char) * (bytesCount * 2 + 1));       
        if (chars == NULL) {
            // malloc returns null if attempting to allocate more memory than the system can provide. Thanks Cœur
            [NSException raise:NSInternalInconsistencyException format:@"Failed to allocate more memory" arguments:nil];
            return nil;
        }
        char *s = chars;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < bytesCount; ++i) {
            *s++ = hexChars[((*dataBuffer & 0xF0) >> 4)];
            *s++ = hexChars[(*dataBuffer & 0x0F)];
            dataBuffer++;
        }
        *s = '\0';
        NSString *hexString = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:chars];
        free(chars);
        return hexString;
    }
    return @"";
}

-（NSString*）十六进制字符串
{
NSUTEGER字节数=self.length；
if（字节计数）{
常量字符*hexChars=“0123456789ABCDEF”；
const unsigned char*dataBuffer=self.bytes；
char*chars=malloc（sizeof（char）*（字节数*2+1））；
if（chars==NULL）{
//如果试图分配系统无法提供的内存，malloc将返回null。谢谢Cœur
[NSException raise:NSInternalInconsistencyException格式：@“分配更多内存失败”参数：nil]；
返回零；
}
char*s=chars；
for（无符号i=0；i>4]；
*s++=hexChars[（*dataBuffer&0x0F）]；
dataBuffer++；
}
*s='\0'；
NSString*hexString=[NSString stringWithUTF8String:chars]；
免费（chars）；
返回十六进制字符串；
}
返回@”；
}

彼得的回答传给了斯威夫特

func hexString(data:NSData)->String{
    if data.length > 0 {
        let  hexChars = Array("0123456789abcdef".utf8) as [UInt8];
        let buf = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(data.bytes), count: data.length);
        var output = [UInt8](count: data.length*2 + 1, repeatedValue: 0);
        var ix:Int = 0;
        for b in buf {
            let hi  = Int((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
            let low = Int(b & 0x0f);
            output[ix++] = hexChars[ hi];
            output[ix++] = hexChars[low];
        }
        let result = String.fromCString(UnsafePointer(output))!;
        return result;
    }
    return "";
}

---

以下是进行转换的更快方法：

基准测试（1024字节数据转换重复100次的平均时间）：

戴夫·加拉赫：~8.070毫秒
NSProgrammer:~0.077毫秒
彼得：~0.031毫秒
这个：~0.017毫秒

@implementation NSData (BytesExtras)

static char _NSData_BytesConversionString_[512] = "000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f202122232425262728292a2b2c2d2e2f303132333435363738393a3b3c3d3e3f404142434445464748494a4b4c4d4e4f505152535455565758595a5b5c5d5e5f606162636465666768696a6b6c6d6e6f707172737475767778797a7b7c7d7e7f808182838485868788898a8b8c8d8e8f909192939495969798999a9b9c9d9e9fa0a1a2a3a4a5a6a7a8a9aaabacadaeafb0b1b2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9babbbcbdbebfc0c1c2c3c4c5c6c7c8c9cacbcccdcecfd0d1d2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dadbdcdddedfe0e1e2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9eaebecedeeeff0f1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9fafbfcfdfeff";

-(NSString*)bytesString
{
    UInt16*  mapping = (UInt16*)_NSData_BytesConversionString_;
    register UInt16 len = self.length;
    char*    hexChars = (char*)malloc( sizeof(char) * (len*2) );

    // --- Coeur's contribution - a safe way to check the allocation
    if (hexChars == NULL) {
    // we directly raise an exception instead of using NSAssert to make sure assertion is not disabled as this is irrecoverable
        [NSException raise:@"NSInternalInconsistencyException" format:@"failed malloc" arguments:nil];
        return nil;
    }
    // ---

    register UInt16* dst = ((UInt16*)hexChars) + len-1;
    register unsigned char* src = (unsigned char*)self.bytes + len-1;

    while (len--) *dst-- = mapping[*src--];

    NSString* retVal = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytesNoCopy:hexChars length:self.length*2 encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding freeWhenDone:YES];
#if (!__has_feature(objc_arc))
   return [retVal autorelease];
#else
    return retVal;
#endif
}

@end

功能性Swift版本 一艘班轮：

let hexString = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(data.bytes),
count: data.length).map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joinWithSeparator("")

let hexString=UnsafeBufferPointer（开始：UnsafePointer（data.bytes），
count:data.length）.map{String（格式：'%02x'，$0）}.joinWithSeparator（“”）

---

以下是一个可重用且自文档化的扩展表单：

extension NSData {
    func base16EncodedString(uppercase uppercase: Bool = false) -> String {
        let buffer = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(self.bytes),
                                                count: self.length)
        let hexFormat = uppercase ? "X" : "x"
        let formatString = "%02\(hexFormat)"
        let bytesAsHexStrings = buffer.map {
            String(format: formatString, $0)
        }
        return bytesAsHexStrings.joinWithSeparator("")
    }
}

扩展数据{ func base16EncodedString（大写：Bool=false）->字符串{ let buffer=UnsafeBufferPointer（开始：UnsafePointer（self.bytes））， 计数：自我长度） 设hexFormat=大写？“X”：“X” let formatString=“%02\（hexFormat）” 让bytesAsHexStrings=buffer.map{ s

- (NSString *) hexString
{
    NSUInteger bytesCount = self.length;
    if (bytesCount) {
        const char *hexChars = "0123456789ABCDEF";
        const unsigned char *dataBuffer = self.bytes;
        char *chars = malloc(sizeof(char) * (bytesCount * 2 + 1));       
        if (chars == NULL) {
            // malloc returns null if attempting to allocate more memory than the system can provide. Thanks Cœur
            [NSException raise:NSInternalInconsistencyException format:@"Failed to allocate more memory" arguments:nil];
            return nil;
        }
        char *s = chars;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < bytesCount; ++i) {
            *s++ = hexChars[((*dataBuffer & 0xF0) >> 4)];
            *s++ = hexChars[(*dataBuffer & 0x0F)];
            dataBuffer++;
        }
        *s = '\0';
        NSString *hexString = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:chars];
        free(chars);
        return hexString;
    }
    return @"";
}

func hexString(data:NSData)->String{
    if data.length > 0 {
        let  hexChars = Array("0123456789abcdef".utf8) as [UInt8];
        let buf = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(data.bytes), count: data.length);
        var output = [UInt8](count: data.length*2 + 1, repeatedValue: 0);
        var ix:Int = 0;
        for b in buf {
            let hi  = Int((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
            let low = Int(b & 0x0f);
            output[ix++] = hexChars[ hi];
            output[ix++] = hexChars[low];
        }
        let result = String.fromCString(UnsafePointer(output))!;
        return result;
    }
    return "";
}

func hexString()->String{
    if count > 0 {
        let hexChars = Array("0123456789abcdef".utf8) as [UInt8];
        return withUnsafeBytes({ (bytes:UnsafePointer<UInt8>) -> String in
            let buf = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: bytes, count: self.count);
            var output = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: self.count*2 + 1);
            var ix:Int = 0;
            for b in buf {
                let hi  = Int((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
                let low = Int(b & 0x0f);
                output[ix] = hexChars[ hi];
                ix += 1;
                output[ix] = hexChars[low];
                ix += 1;
            }
            return String(cString: UnsafePointer(output));
        })
    }
    return "";
}

func hexString()->String{
    if count > 0 {
        let hexChars = Array("0123456789abcdef".utf8) as [UInt8];
        return withUnsafeBytes{ bytes->String in
            var output = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: bytes.count*2 + 1);
            var ix:Int = 0;
            for b in bytes {
                let hi  = Int((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
                let low = Int(b & 0x0f);
                output[ix] = hexChars[ hi];
                ix += 1;
                output[ix] = hexChars[low];
                ix += 1;
            }
            return String(cString: UnsafePointer(output));
        }
    }
    return "";
}

@implementation NSData (BytesExtras)

static char _NSData_BytesConversionString_[512] = "000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f202122232425262728292a2b2c2d2e2f303132333435363738393a3b3c3d3e3f404142434445464748494a4b4c4d4e4f505152535455565758595a5b5c5d5e5f606162636465666768696a6b6c6d6e6f707172737475767778797a7b7c7d7e7f808182838485868788898a8b8c8d8e8f909192939495969798999a9b9c9d9e9fa0a1a2a3a4a5a6a7a8a9aaabacadaeafb0b1b2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9babbbcbdbebfc0c1c2c3c4c5c6c7c8c9cacbcccdcecfd0d1d2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dadbdcdddedfe0e1e2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9eaebecedeeeff0f1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9fafbfcfdfeff";

-(NSString*)bytesString
{
    UInt16*  mapping = (UInt16*)_NSData_BytesConversionString_;
    register UInt16 len = self.length;
    char*    hexChars = (char*)malloc( sizeof(char) * (len*2) );

    // --- Coeur's contribution - a safe way to check the allocation
    if (hexChars == NULL) {
    // we directly raise an exception instead of using NSAssert to make sure assertion is not disabled as this is irrecoverable
        [NSException raise:@"NSInternalInconsistencyException" format:@"failed malloc" arguments:nil];
        return nil;
    }
    // ---

    register UInt16* dst = ((UInt16*)hexChars) + len-1;
    register unsigned char* src = (unsigned char*)self.bytes + len-1;

    while (len--) *dst-- = mapping[*src--];

    NSString* retVal = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytesNoCopy:hexChars length:self.length*2 encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding freeWhenDone:YES];
#if (!__has_feature(objc_arc))
   return [retVal autorelease];
#else
    return retVal;
#endif
}

@end

let hexString = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(data.bytes),
count: data.length).map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joinWithSeparator("")

extension NSData {
    func base16EncodedString(uppercase uppercase: Bool = false) -> String {
        let buffer = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(self.bytes),
                                                count: self.length)
        let hexFormat = uppercase ? "X" : "x"
        let formatString = "%02\(hexFormat)"
        let bytesAsHexStrings = buffer.map {
            String(format: formatString, $0)
        }
        return bytesAsHexStrings.joinWithSeparator("")
    }
}

extension NSData {

    var hexString: String {

        let buffer = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(self.bytes), count: self.length)
        return buffer.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joinWithSeparator("")
    }

    var heXString: String {

        let buffer = UnsafeBufferPointer<UInt8>(start: UnsafePointer(self.bytes), count: self.length)
        return buffer.map { String(format: "%02X", $0) }.joinWithSeparator("")
    }
}

extension Data {

    public var hexadecimalString : String {
        var str = ""
        enumerateBytes { buffer, index, stop in
            for byte in buffer {
                str.append(String(format:"%02x",byte))
            }
        }
        return str
    }

}

extension NSData {

    public var hexadecimalString : String {
        return (self as Data).hexadecimalString
    }

}