Java 使用DAO和web服务的数据库插入方法的Junit测试用例

我正在实施一个基于Web服务的大学管理系统。该系统将某些课程添加到数据库中。下面是我正在使用的代码

Course.java

public class Course {

    private String courseName;
    private String location;
    private String courseId;


       public String getCourseId()
               {
        return courseId;
            }

    public void setCourseId(String courseId) {
        this.courseId = courseId;
    }

    public String getCourseName() {
        return courseName;
    }

    public void setCourseName(String courseName) {
        this.courseName = courseName;
    }

        public String getLocation() {
        return location;
    }
    public void setLocation(String location) {
        this.location = location;
    }
}

public class CourseDaoImpl implements IDao {
   Connection conn = null;
   Statement stmt = null;

public CourseDaoImpl(){

try {
    Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
            "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/univesitydb", "root", "root");
    stmt = conn.createStatement();

    if (!conn.isClosed())
        System.out.println("Successfully connectiod");
} catch (SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}
}

      @Override
  public String add(Object object) {

Course c = (Course) object ;

String courseId = c.getCourseId();
String courseName = c.getCourseName();
String location = c.getLocation();

String result = "";
int rowcount;

try {
    String query = "Insert into course (courseId,courseName,location) values"
            + " ('"
            + courseId
            + "', '"
            + courseName
            + "', '"
            + location
            + "')";
    rowcount = stmt.executeUpdate(query);
    if (rowcount > 0) {
        result = "true";
        System.out.println("Course inserted successful");
    } else {
        result = "false:The data could not be inserted in the databse";
    }
} catch (SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

return result;
}

package edu.service;

          import edu.dao.IDao;
          import edu.dao.impl.CourseDaoImpl;
          import edu.db.entity.Course;

       public class CourseService {

     public String addCourse(String courseId, String courseName, String location)
    {   
       Course c = new Course();
       c.setCourseId(courseId);
       c.setCourseName(courseName);
       c.setLocation(location);     
       IDao dao = new CourseDaoImpl();
       return dao.add(c);   
     }

然后另一个文件如下所示

CourseDaoImpl.java

public class Course {

    private String courseName;
    private String location;
    private String courseId;


       public String getCourseId()
               {
        return courseId;
            }

    public void setCourseId(String courseId) {
        this.courseId = courseId;
    }

    public String getCourseName() {
        return courseName;
    }

    public void setCourseName(String courseName) {
        this.courseName = courseName;
    }

        public String getLocation() {
        return location;
    }
    public void setLocation(String location) {
        this.location = location;
    }
}

public class CourseDaoImpl implements IDao {
   Connection conn = null;
   Statement stmt = null;

public CourseDaoImpl(){

try {
    Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
            "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/univesitydb", "root", "root");
    stmt = conn.createStatement();

    if (!conn.isClosed())
        System.out.println("Successfully connectiod");
} catch (SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}
}

      @Override
  public String add(Object object) {

Course c = (Course) object ;

String courseId = c.getCourseId();
String courseName = c.getCourseName();
String location = c.getLocation();

String result = "";
int rowcount;

try {
    String query = "Insert into course (courseId,courseName,location) values"
            + " ('"
            + courseId
            + "', '"
            + courseName
            + "', '"
            + location
            + "')";
    rowcount = stmt.executeUpdate(query);
    if (rowcount > 0) {
        result = "true";
        System.out.println("Course inserted successful");
    } else {
        result = "false:The data could not be inserted in the databse";
    }
} catch (SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

return result;
}

package edu.service;

          import edu.dao.IDao;
          import edu.dao.impl.CourseDaoImpl;
          import edu.db.entity.Course;

       public class CourseService {

     public String addCourse(String courseId, String courseName, String location)
    {   
       Course c = new Course();
       c.setCourseId(courseId);
       c.setCourseName(courseName);
       c.setLocation(location);     
       IDao dao = new CourseDaoImpl();
       return dao.add(c);   
     }

第三个是Web服务文件，如下所示，它与前两个文件交互并将数据添加到数据库中

CourseService.java

public class Course {

    private String courseName;
    private String location;
    private String courseId;


       public String getCourseId()
               {
        return courseId;
            }

    public void setCourseId(String courseId) {
        this.courseId = courseId;
    }

    public String getCourseName() {
        return courseName;
    }

    public void setCourseName(String courseName) {
        this.courseName = courseName;
    }

        public String getLocation() {
        return location;
    }
    public void setLocation(String location) {
        this.location = location;
    }
}

public class CourseDaoImpl implements IDao {
   Connection conn = null;
   Statement stmt = null;

public CourseDaoImpl(){

try {
    Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
            "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/univesitydb", "root", "root");
    stmt = conn.createStatement();

    if (!conn.isClosed())
        System.out.println("Successfully connectiod");
} catch (SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}
}

      @Override
  public String add(Object object) {

Course c = (Course) object ;

String courseId = c.getCourseId();
String courseName = c.getCourseName();
String location = c.getLocation();

String result = "";
int rowcount;

try {
    String query = "Insert into course (courseId,courseName,location) values"
            + " ('"
            + courseId
            + "', '"
            + courseName
            + "', '"
            + location
            + "')";
    rowcount = stmt.executeUpdate(query);
    if (rowcount > 0) {
        result = "true";
        System.out.println("Course inserted successful");
    } else {
        result = "false:The data could not be inserted in the databse";
    }
} catch (SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

return result;
}

package edu.service;

          import edu.dao.IDao;
          import edu.dao.impl.CourseDaoImpl;
          import edu.db.entity.Course;

       public class CourseService {

     public String addCourse(String courseId, String courseName, String location)
    {   
       Course c = new Course();
       c.setCourseId(courseId);
       c.setCourseName(courseName);
       c.setLocation(location);     
       IDao dao = new CourseDaoImpl();
       return dao.add(c);   
     }

查看我的代码清单，任何人都可以建议我如何为add方法编写测试用例。我完全是JAVA初学者，我从朋友那里得到了帮助来学习JAVA部分，现在需要为我的数据库方法实现Junit测试，如上面的add课程

---

请推荐一些我可以学习、阅读和使用的东西，以便为我的数据库方法实现Junit测试。

您的类的设计将使测试它们变得困难。在方法中使用硬编码连接字符串或使用

new

实例化协作者可以被视为测试反模式。看一下图案。像这样的框架在这里可能会有所帮助

要测试DAO，您需要在单元测试中控制数据库连接。因此，您要做的第一件事是将其从DAO中提取到一个类中，您可以模拟或指向特定的测试数据库，您可以在测试运行之前和之后对其进行设置和检查

测试db/DAO代码的技术解决方案可能是。您可以在无模式的XML中定义测试数据，并让dbunit将其填充到测试数据库中。但你还是得自己把一切都连接起来。然而，对于Spring，您可以使用这样的工具，它可以为您提供大量的杠杆和额外的工具

当你称自己为一个完全的初学者时，我怀疑这一切都是令人畏惧的。您应该问问自己是否真的需要测试数据库代码。否则，至少应该重构代码，这样就可以轻松模拟所有数据库访问。对于一般的模拟，请查看。

/*

公共类UserDAO{

public boolean insertUser(UserBean u) {
    boolean flag = false;
    MySqlConnection msq = new MySqlConnection();
    try {

        String sql = "insert into regis values(?,?,?,?,?)";

        Connection connection = msq.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        statement = (PreparedStatement) connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setString(1, u.getname());
        statement.setString(2, u.getlname());
        statement.setString(3, u.getemail());
        statement.setString(4, u.getusername());
        statement.setString(5, u.getpasswords());
        statement.executeUpdate();

        flag = true;
    } catch (Exception e) {
    } finally {
        return flag;
    }

}

public String userValidate(UserBean u) {
    String login = "";
    MySqlConnection msq = new MySqlConnection();
    try {
        String email = u.getemail();
        String Pass = u.getpasswords();

        String sql = "SELECT name FROM regis WHERE email=? and passwords=?";
        com.mysql.jdbc.Connection connection = msq.getConnection();
        com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement statement = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        statement = (com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement) connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setString(1, email);
        statement.setString(2, Pass);
        rs = statement.executeQuery();
        if (rs.next()) {
            login = rs.getString("name");
        } else {
            login = "false";
        }

    } catch (Exception e) {
    } finally {
        return login;
    }
}

public boolean getmessage(UserBean u) {
    boolean flag = false;
    MySqlConnection msq = new MySqlConnection();
    try {


        String sql = "insert into feedback values(?,?)";

        Connection connection = msq.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        statement = (PreparedStatement) connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setString(1, u.getemail());
        statement.setString(2, u.getfeedback());
        statement.executeUpdate();

        flag = true;
    } catch (Exception e) {
    } finally {
        return flag;
    }

}

public boolean insertOrder(cartbean u) {
    boolean flag = false;
    MySqlConnection msq = new MySqlConnection();
    try {

        String sql = "insert into cart (product_id, email, Tprice, quantity) values (?,?,2000,?)";

        Connection connection = msq.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        statement = (PreparedStatement) connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setString(1, u.getpid());
        statement.setString(2, u.getemail());
        statement.setString(3, u.getquantity());

        statement.executeUpdate();

        flag = true;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.print("hi");
    } finally {
        return flag;
    }

}

---

}

这是一个在spring项目中使用junit的dao测试示例

import java.util.List;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.jboss.tools.example.springmvc.domain.Member;
import org.jboss.tools.example.springmvc.repo.MemberDao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:test-context.xml",
"classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml"})
@Transactional
@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback=true)
public class MemberDaoTest
{
    @Autowired
    private MemberDao memberDao;

    @Test
    public void testFindById()
    {
        Member member = memberDao.findById(0l);

        Assert.assertEquals("John Smith", member.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("john.smith@mailinator.com", member.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125551212", member.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByEmail()
    {
        Member member = memberDao.findByEmail("john.smith@mailinator.com");

        Assert.assertEquals("John Smith", member.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("john.smith@mailinator.com", member.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125551212", member.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }

    @Test
    public void testRegister()
    {
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setEmail("jane.doe@mailinator.com");
        member.setName("Jane Doe");
        member.setPhoneNumber("2125552121");

        memberDao.register(member);
        Long id = member.getId();
        Assert.assertNotNull(id);

        Assert.assertEquals(2, memberDao.findAllOrderedByName().size());
        Member newMember = memberDao.findById(id);

        Assert.assertEquals("Jane Doe", newMember.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("jane.doe@mailinator.com", newMember.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125552121", newMember.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindAllOrderedByName()
    {
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setEmail("jane.doe@mailinator.com");
        member.setName("Jane Doe");
        member.setPhoneNumber("2125552121");
        memberDao.register(member);

        List<Member> members = memberDao.findAllOrderedByName();
        Assert.assertEquals(2, members.size());
        Member newMember = members.get(0);

        Assert.assertEquals("Jane Doe", newMember.getName());
        Assert.assertEquals("jane.doe@mailinator.com", newMember.getEmail());
        Assert.assertEquals("2125552121", newMember.getPhoneNumber());
        return;
    }
}

import java.util.List；
导入junit.framework.Assert；
导入org.jboss.tools.example.springmvc.domain.Member；
导入org.jboss.tools.example.springmvc.repo.MemberDao；
导入org.junit.Test；
导入org.junit.runner.RunWith；
导入org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired；
导入org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration；
导入org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner；
导入org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration；
导入org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional；
@RunWith（SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class）
@ContextConfiguration（位置={“classpath:test context.xml”，
“classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml”}）
@交易的
@TransactionConfiguration（defaultRollback=true）
公共类成员测试
{
@自动连线
私人会员,会员,；
@试验
公共void testFindById（）
{
成员=memberDao.findById（0l）；
Assert.assertEquals（“John Smith”，member.getName（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“约翰。smith@mailinator.com，member.getEmail（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“2125551212”，member.getPhoneNumber（））；
返回；
}
@试验
public void testFindByEmail（）
{
Member=memberDao.findByEmail（“约翰。smith@mailinator.com");
Assert.assertEquals（“John Smith”，member.getName（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“约翰。smith@mailinator.com，member.getEmail（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“2125551212”，member.getPhoneNumber（））；
返回；
}
@试验
公共无效测试寄存器（）
{
成员=新成员（）；
setEmail（“jane。doe@mailinator.com");
成员：setName（“Jane Doe”）；
成员。设置电话号码（“2125552121”）；
成员。注册（成员）；
Long id=member.getId（）；
Assert.assertNotNull（id）；
Assert.assertEquals（2，memberDao.findAllOrderedByName（）.size（））；
成员newMember=memberDao.findById（id）；
Assert.assertEquals（“Jane Doe”，newMember.getName（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“简。doe@mailinator.com，newMember.getEmail（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“2125552121”，newMember.getPhoneNumber（））；
返回；
}
@试验
public void testFindAlloweredByName（）
{
成员=新成员（）；
setEmail（“jane。doe@mailinator.com");
成员：setName（“Jane Doe”）；
成员。设置电话号码（“2125552121”）；
成员。注册（成员）；
List members=memberDao.findAllOrderedByName（）；
Assert.assertEquals（2，members.size（））；
成员newMember=members.get（0）；
Assert.assertEquals（“Jane Doe”，newMember.getName（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“简。doe@mailinator.com，newMember.getEmail（））；
Assert.assertEquals（“2125552121”，newMember.getPhoneNumber（））；
返回；
}
}

谢谢你的帮助，即使我从未使用过弹簧。我不知道我是否真的应该测试我的代码，但我的项目合作伙伴需要这样做，我被分配了这样做的任务。不管怎样，谢谢你的帮助。在测试方法

testRegister（）

中，您正在使用DAO方法

Member newMember=memberDao.findById（id）

，在执行

memberDao.register（Member）

之后，这是正确的方法吗？我认为您必须尝试获取数据库值并断言这些值。因为

memberDao.findById（id）

中的任何bug都可能对您的

testRegister（）

方法产生副作用。@HariKrishnaGanji我认为这是正确的。通过使用

findById（id）

，在调用

register

之后，实际上是在测试

findById

，而不是

register

。这可能会影响

注册的时间