Python 2.7 无法重写超类uuu init_uuuu（）：对象没有属性'_testMethodName'；？

根据这个答案，我试图用python unittest覆盖测试项目的超类init函数，该函数有三个类，如下所示：

base.py

import unittest

    class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
        def setUp(self):
            print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
        #: executed after each test
        def tearDown(self):
            print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    def __init__(self, module=''):

        self.Module = module

    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

from helper import *

class TestProvince(HELPER):
    def __init__(self, module = ''):
        super(TestProvince, self).__init__()
        self.Module = 'Province'

    def test_open_url(self):
        self.open_url()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

import unittest

class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # ** Adding init Function from unittest class **
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def setUp(self):
        print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
    #: executed after each test
    def tearDown(self):
        print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    # *** Adding init function from class BaseTest ***
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        BaseTest.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.controller = object()


    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

helper.py

import unittest

    class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
        def setUp(self):
            print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
        #: executed after each test
        def tearDown(self):
            print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    def __init__(self, module=''):

        self.Module = module

    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

from helper import *

class TestProvince(HELPER):
    def __init__(self, module = ''):
        super(TestProvince, self).__init__()
        self.Module = 'Province'

    def test_open_url(self):
        self.open_url()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

import unittest

class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # ** Adding init Function from unittest class **
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def setUp(self):
        print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
    #: executed after each test
    def tearDown(self):
        print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    # *** Adding init function from class BaseTest ***
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        BaseTest.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.controller = object()


    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

测试省份。py

import unittest

    class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
        def setUp(self):
            print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
        #: executed after each test
        def tearDown(self):
            print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    def __init__(self, module=''):

        self.Module = module

    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

from helper import *

class TestProvince(HELPER):
    def __init__(self, module = ''):
        super(TestProvince, self).__init__()
        self.Module = 'Province'

    def test_open_url(self):
        self.open_url()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

import unittest

class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # ** Adding init Function from unittest class **
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def setUp(self):
        print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
    #: executed after each test
    def tearDown(self):
        print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    # *** Adding init function from class BaseTest ***
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        BaseTest.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.controller = object()


    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

详细说明是，在

test_province.py

中，我试图重写super class

HELPER

的init函数，但它无法使用错误执行选项

AttributeError: 'TestProvince' object has no attribute '_testMethodName'

---

这有什么错或遗漏？如何正确重写超类init函数？请帮忙谢谢unittest的文档字符串。TestCase包含以下文本：

如果需要重写

\uuuuu init\uuuu

方法，则必须始终调用基类

\uuuuuu init\uuuu

方法。重要的是，子类不应更改其

\uuuu init\uuuu

方法的签名，因为类的实例是由框架的部分自动实例化的，以便运行

因此，问题不在于

TestProvince

如何从

HELPER

继承，而在于

HELPER

如何覆盖它从库代码继承的

\uuu init\uuu

方法。如果您添加对超级（助手，self）的调用。\uuu init\uuu，它可能会正常工作

您可能还需要更改

\uuuuu init\uuuu

以匹配基类使用的签名：

\uuuuuu init\uuuuu（self，methodName='runTest'）

---

最后一点注意：Python 2将在年底失去Python开发人员对它的官方支持，因此现在学习Python 3可能比学习Python 2更好，因为他们需要更新您的知识以获得新版本。这与本文相关，因为Python3允许您使用无参数的

super

，这非常好（无需重复当前类名）。

首先，我非常感谢@Blckknght提供了有用的详细答案

我设法从中找到了解决方案（7年前），因此我将所有三个类更改为：

base.py

import unittest

    class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
        def setUp(self):
            print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
        #: executed after each test
        def tearDown(self):
            print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    def __init__(self, module=''):

        self.Module = module

    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

from helper import *

class TestProvince(HELPER):
    def __init__(self, module = ''):
        super(TestProvince, self).__init__()
        self.Module = 'Province'

    def test_open_url(self):
        self.open_url()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

import unittest

class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # ** Adding init Function from unittest class **
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def setUp(self):
        print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
    #: executed after each test
    def tearDown(self):
        print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    # *** Adding init function from class BaseTest ***
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        BaseTest.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.controller = object()


    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

helper.py

import unittest

    class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
        def setUp(self):
            print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
        #: executed after each test
        def tearDown(self):
            print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    def __init__(self, module=''):

        self.Module = module

    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

from helper import *

class TestProvince(HELPER):
    def __init__(self, module = ''):
        super(TestProvince, self).__init__()
        self.Module = 'Province'

    def test_open_url(self):
        self.open_url()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

import unittest

class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # ** Adding init Function from unittest class **
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def setUp(self):
        print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
    #: executed after each test
    def tearDown(self):
        print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    # *** Adding init function from class BaseTest ***
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        BaseTest.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.controller = object()


    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

测试省份。py

import unittest

    class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
        def setUp(self):
            print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
        #: executed after each test
        def tearDown(self):
            print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    def __init__(self, module=''):

        self.Module = module

    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

from helper import *

class TestProvince(HELPER):
    def __init__(self, module = ''):
        super(TestProvince, self).__init__()
        self.Module = 'Province'

    def test_open_url(self):
        self.open_url()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

import unittest

class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # ** Adding init Function from unittest class **
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def setUp(self):
        print '\n\t Prepare configuration'
    #: executed after each test
    def tearDown(self):
        print '\n\t Closing session'

from base import *

class HELPER(BaseTest):
    """ Predefine Parameter """
    URL         = ''
    ID          = ''
    Module      = ''
    # *** Adding init function from class BaseTest ***
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        BaseTest.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.controller = object()


    def open_url(self):
        print "INIT FROM SUPER CLASS IS "
        print self.Module
        status_code = 200
        self.assertEqual(200,status_code)

从助手导入*

class TestProvince(HELPER):
    # *** Calling init function from class HELPER
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        HELPER.__init__(self,*args, **kwargs)
        self.Module = 'Province'

    def test_open_url(self):
        self.open_url()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

在此之后，我可以从子类TestProvince访问超级类帮助器中的任何变量

---

问题的根源可能是我试图继承unittest类的testCase的init（）函数，而不是类助手本身。谢谢

非常感谢您的帮助性回答，我成功地从这个答案中解决了问题。无论如何，我学到了一些新东西：）