Python 将文本列表格式化为列

我正在尝试将字符串值列表输出为2列格式。将字符串列表转换为“普通文本”的标准方法是使用string.join方法。但是，它只需要2个参数，因此我只能使用“\n”创建一个列。我认为尝试创建一个循环，只需在列之间添加一个选项卡就可以了，但是逻辑没有正确工作

我发现了一个相当复杂的方法，但它是4年前的。现在有没有简单的方法

---

编辑这是我想要使用的列表

skills_defs = ["ACM:Aircraft Mechanic", "BC:Body Combat", "BIO:Biology",
    "CBE:Combat Engineer", "CHM:Chemistry", "CMP:Computers", 
    "CRM:Combat Rifeman", "CVE:Civil Engineer", "DIS:Disguise",
    "ELC:Electronics","EQ:Equestrian", "FO:Forward Observer",
    "FOR:Forage", "FRG:Forgery", "FRM:Farming", "FSH:Fishing",
    "GEO:Geology", "GS:Gunsmith", "HW:Heavy Weapons", "IF:Indirect Fire",
    "INS:Instruction", "INT:Interrogation", "JP:Jet Pilot", "LB:Longbow",
    "LAP:Light Aircraft Pilot", "LCG:Large Caliber Gun", "LNG:Language",
    "LP:Lockpick", "MC:Melee Combat", "MCY:Motorcycle", "MEC:Mechanic",
    "MED:Medical", "MET:Meterology", "MNE:Mining Engineer",
    "MTL:Metallurgy", "MTN:Mountaineering", "NWH:Nuclear Warhead",
    "PAR:Parachute", "PST:Pistol", "RCN:Recon", "RWP:Rotary Wing Pilot",
    "SBH:Small Boat Handling","SCD:Scuba Diving", "SCR:Scrounging",
    "SWM:Swimming", "TW:Thrown Weapon", "TVD:Tracked Vehicle Driver",
    "WVD:Wheeled Vehicle Driver"]

我只想将这个列表输出为一个简单的2列格式，以减少空间。理想情况下，列之间应该有一个标准的空间，但我可以使用它

ACM:Aircraft Mechanic        BC:Body Combat 
BIO:Biology         CBE:Combat Engineer 
CHM:Chemistry       CMP:Computers
CRM:Combat Rifeman      CVE:Civil Engineer 
DIS:Disguise            ELC:Electronics 
EQ:Equestrian           FO:Forward Observer
FOR:Forage          FRG:Forgery 
FRM:Farming             FSH:Fishing
GEO:Geology             GS:Gunsmith 
HW:Heavy Weapons        IF:Indirect Fire
INS:Instruction             INT:Interrogation 
JP:Jet Pilot            LB:Longbow
 LAP:Light Aircraft Pilot       LCG:Large Caliber Gun 
LNG:Language            LP:Lockpick 
MC:Melee Combat         MCY:Motorcycle 
MEC:Mechanic            MED:Medical 
MET:Meterology      MNE:Mining Engineer
MTL:Metallurgy      MTN:Mountaineering 
NWH:Nuclear Warhead     PAR:Parachute 
PST:Pistol          RCN:Recon 
RWP:Rotary Wing Pilot       SBH:Small Boat Handling 
SCD:Scuba Diving        SCR:Scrounging
SWM:Swimming        TW:Thrown Weapon 
TVD:Tracked Vehicle Driver  WVD:Wheeled Vehicle Driver

---

不像ActiveState解决方案那样灵活，但更短：-）

两列由制表符分隔，连接成一行。在itertools中查找迭代器等价物，以获得节省空间的解决方案

import string
def fmtpairs(mylist):
    pairs = zip(mylist[::2],mylist[1::2])
    return '\n'.join('\t'.join(i) for i in pairs)

print fmtpairs(list(string.ascii_uppercase))

A   B
C   D
E   F
G   H
I   J
...

哎呀。。。被S.洛特抓住了（谢谢）

更一般的解决方案是处理任意数量的列和奇数列表。从中稍微修改，使用生成器以节省空间

def fmtcols(mylist, cols):
    lines = ("\t".join(mylist[i:i+cols]) for i in xrange(0,len(mylist),cols))
    return '\n'.join(lines)

---

这是一篇长篇大论，所以我要把它分成两部分

def columns( skills_defs, cols=2 ):
    pairs = [ "\t".join(skills_defs[i:i+cols]) for i in range(0,len(skills_defs),cols) ]
    return "\n".join( pairs )

显然，它可以作为一个单独的looong语句来完成

---

这同样适用于奇数技能。

格式化列功能应该满足您的需要：

from __future__ import generators
try: import itertools
except ImportError: mymap, myzip= map, zip
else: mymap, myzip= itertools.imap, itertools.izip

def format_columns(string_list, columns, separator=" "):
    "Produce equal-width columns from string_list"
    sublists= []

    # empty_str based on item 0 of string_list
    try:
        empty_str= type(string_list[0])()
    except IndexError: # string_list is empty
        return

    # create a sublist for every column
    for column in xrange(columns):
            sublists.append(string_list[column::columns])

    # find maximum length of a column
    max_sublist_len= max(mymap(len, sublists))

    # make all columns same length
    for sublist in sublists:
         if len(sublist) < max_sublist_len:
             sublist.append(empty_str)

    # calculate a format string for the output lines
    format_str= separator.join(
        "%%-%ds" % max(mymap(len, sublist))
         for sublist in sublists)

    for line_items in myzip(*sublists):
        yield format_str % line_items

if __name__ == "__main__":
    skills_defs = ["ACM:Aircraft Mechanic", "BC:Body Combat", "BIO:Biology",
        "CBE:Combat Engineer", "CHM:Chemistry", "CMP:Computers",
        "CRM:Combat Rifeman", "CVE:Civil Engineer", "DIS:Disguise",
        "ELC:Electronics","EQ:Equestrian", "FO:Forward Observer",
        "FOR:Forage", "FRG:Forgery", "FRM:Farming", "FSH:Fishing",
        "GEO:Geology", "GS:Gunsmith", "HW:Heavy Weapons", "IF:Indirect Fire",
        "INS:Instruction", "INT:Interrogation", "JP:Jet Pilot", "LB:Longbow",
        "LAP:Light Aircraft Pilot", "LCG:Large Caliber Gun", "LNG:Language",
        "LP:Lockpick", "MC:Melee Combat", "MCY:Motorcycle", "MEC:Mechanic",
        "MED:Medical", "MET:Meterology", "MNE:Mining Engineer",
        "MTL:Metallurgy", "MTN:Mountaineering", "NWH:Nuclear Warhead",
        "PAR:Parachute", "PST:Pistol", "RCN:Recon", "RWP:Rotary Wing Pilot",
        "SBH:Small Boat Handling","SCD:Scuba Diving", "SCR:Scrounging",
        "SWM:Swimming", "TW:Thrown Weapon", "TVD:Tracked Vehicle Driver",
        "WVD:Wheeled Vehicle Driver"]

    for line in format_columns(skills_defs, 2):
        print line

来自未来导入生成器
尝试：导入itertools
除了ImportError:mymap，myzip=map，zip
else:mymap，myzip=itertools.imap，itertools.izip
def格式_列（字符串_列表，列，分隔符=”）：
“从字符串列表生成等宽列”
子列表=[]
#基于字符串列表项0的空字符串
尝试：
空字符串=类型（字符串列表[0]）（）
除索引器外：#字符串_列表为空
返回
#为每个列创建一个子列表
对于xrange中的列（列）：
追加（字符串列表[列：：列]）
#查找列的最大长度
max_sublist_len=max（mymap（len，sublist））
#使所有列的长度相同
对于子列表中的子列表：
如果长度（子列表）

这假设您有一个带有生成器的Python。

这是可行的

it = iter(skills_defs)
for i in it:
    print('{:<60}{}'.format(i, next(it, "")))

it=iter（技能）
对我来说：
print（“{:这里是gimel提供的解决方案的扩展，它允许打印等距列

def fmtcols(mylist, cols):
    maxwidth = max(map(lambda x: len(x), mylist))
    justifyList = map(lambda x: x.ljust(maxwidth), mylist)
    lines = (' '.join(justifyList[i:i+cols]) 
             for i in xrange(0,len(justifyList),cols))
    print "\n".join(lines)

它返回类似这样的结果

ACM:飞机机修工BC:身体对抗


BIO:Biology CBE:Combat Engineer


CHM:Chemistry-CMP:Computers


CRM:战斗步兵CVE:土木工程师


DIS:伪装ELC:电子设备
……我认为这些解决方案中的许多都是将两种不同的东西混为一谈

您想：

能够将字符串强制为某个宽度
打印表格
下面是一个非常简单的方法：

import sys

skills_defs = ["ACM:Aircraft Mechanic", "BC:Body Combat", "BIO:Biology",
"CBE:Combat Engineer", "CHM:Chemistry", "CMP:Computers",
"CRM:Combat Rifeman", "CVE:Civil Engineer", "DIS:Disguise",
"ELC:Electronics","EQ:Equestrian", "FO:Forward Observer",
"FOR:Forage", "FRG:Forgery", "FRM:Farming", "FSH:Fishing",
"GEO:Geology", "GS:Gunsmith", "HW:Heavy Weapons", "IF:Indirect Fire",
"INS:Instruction", "INT:Interrogation", "JP:Jet Pilot", "LB:Longbow",
"LAP:Light Aircraft Pilot", "LCG:Large Caliber Gun", "LNG:Language",
"LP:Lockpick", "MC:Melee Combat", "MCY:Motorcycle", "MEC:Mechanic",
"MED:Medical", "MET:Meterology", "MNE:Mining Engineer",
"MTL:Metallurgy", "MTN:Mountaineering", "NWH:Nuclear Warhead",
"PAR:Parachute", "PST:Pistol", "RCN:Recon", "RWP:Rotary Wing Pilot",
"SBH:Small Boat Handling","SCD:Scuba Diving", "SCR:Scrounging",
"SWM:Swimming", "TW:Thrown Weapon", "TVD:Tracked Vehicle Driver",
"WVD:Wheeled Vehicle Driver"]

# The only thing "colform" does is return a modified version of "txt" that is
# ensured to be exactly "width" characters long. It truncates or adds spaces
# on the end as needed.
def colform(txt, width):
    if len(txt) > width:
        txt = txt[:width]
    elif len(txt) < width:
        txt = txt + (" " * (width - len(txt)))
    return txt

# Now that you have colform you can use it to print out columns any way you wish.
# Here's one brain-dead way to print in two columns:
for i in xrange(len(skills_defs)):
    sys.stdout.write(colform(skills_defs[i], 30))
    if i % 2 == 1:
        sys.stdout.write('\n')

导入系统
技能_defs=[“ACM:飞机机修工”、“BC:身体对抗”、“BIO:生物学”，
“CBE:作战工程师”、“CHM:化学”、“CMP:计算机”，
“CRM:战斗步兵”、“CVE:土木工程师”、“DIS:伪装”，
“ELC:电子学”、“EQ:马术”、“FO:前方观察员”，
“用于：饲料”、“FRG:伪造”、“FRM:耕种”、“FSH:捕鱼”，
“地理：地质学”、“GS:枪械匠”、“HW:重型武器”、“IF:间接火力”，
“INS:指令”，“INT:询问”，“JP:喷气机飞行员”，“LB:长弓”，
“LAP:轻型飞机飞行员”，“LCG:大口径火炮”，“LNG:语言”，
“LP:开锁”、“MC:近战战斗”、“MCY:摩托车”、“MEC:机修工”，
“医学：医学”、“气象：气象”、“MNE：采矿工程师”，
“MTL:冶金”、“MTN:登山”、“NWH:核弹头”，
“PAR:降落伞”，“PST:手枪”，“RCN:侦察”，“RWP:旋转翼飞行员”，
“SBH：小船搬运”、“SCD：潜水”、“SCR：搜刮”，
“SWM:游泳”，“TW:投掷武器”，“TVD:履带车辆驾驶员”，
“WVD：轮式车辆驾驶员”]
#“colform”所做的唯一一件事就是返回一个修改过的“txt”版本，即
#确保长度为“宽度”字符。它截断或添加空格
#根据需要在最后。
def colform（文本，宽度）：
如果len（txt）>宽度：
txt=txt[：宽度]
elif len（txt）<宽度：
txt=txt+（“”*（宽度-长度（txt）））
返回文本
#现在您有了colform，您可以使用它以任何方式打印列。
#这里有一种可以在两列中打印的方法：
对于xrange中的i（len（skills_defs））：
系统。
import sys

skills_defs = ["ACM:Aircraft Mechanic", "BC:Body Combat", "BIO:Biology",
"CBE:Combat Engineer", "CHM:Chemistry", "CMP:Computers",
"CRM:Combat Rifeman", "CVE:Civil Engineer", "DIS:Disguise",
"ELC:Electronics","EQ:Equestrian", "FO:Forward Observer",
"FOR:Forage", "FRG:Forgery", "FRM:Farming", "FSH:Fishing",
"GEO:Geology", "GS:Gunsmith", "HW:Heavy Weapons", "IF:Indirect Fire",
"INS:Instruction", "INT:Interrogation", "JP:Jet Pilot", "LB:Longbow",
"LAP:Light Aircraft Pilot", "LCG:Large Caliber Gun", "LNG:Language",
"LP:Lockpick", "MC:Melee Combat", "MCY:Motorcycle", "MEC:Mechanic",
"MED:Medical", "MET:Meterology", "MNE:Mining Engineer",
"MTL:Metallurgy", "MTN:Mountaineering", "NWH:Nuclear Warhead",
"PAR:Parachute", "PST:Pistol", "RCN:Recon", "RWP:Rotary Wing Pilot",
"SBH:Small Boat Handling","SCD:Scuba Diving", "SCR:Scrounging",
"SWM:Swimming", "TW:Thrown Weapon", "TVD:Tracked Vehicle Driver",
"WVD:Wheeled Vehicle Driver"]

# The only thing "colform" does is return a modified version of "txt" that is
# ensured to be exactly "width" characters long. It truncates or adds spaces
# on the end as needed.
def colform(txt, width):
    if len(txt) > width:
        txt = txt[:width]
    elif len(txt) < width:
        txt = txt + (" " * (width - len(txt)))
    return txt

# Now that you have colform you can use it to print out columns any way you wish.
# Here's one brain-dead way to print in two columns:
for i in xrange(len(skills_defs)):
    sys.stdout.write(colform(skills_defs[i], 30))
    if i % 2 == 1:
        sys.stdout.write('\n')

for i in skills_defs:
if skills_defs.index(i)%2 ==0:
    print(i.ljust(30),end = " ")
else:
    print(i.ljust(30))