Python 在DRF中支持JSON和文件多部分上传的测试

我想为我的应用程序编写一个测试，使用多部分发布json和文件

这是我到目前为止尝试过的，但是

集合\u项
（在创建方法中）为空。我是否需要修改我的视图以使其正确工作，或者我是否在下面的测试用例中做了一些不正确的事情

我的测试：

    image = Image.new('RGB', (100, 100))
    tmp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.jpg')
    image.save(tmp_file)

    files = {"collection_items": [{"image": tmp_file}]}
    payload = json.dumps({
        "title": "Test Collection",
    })

    self.api_factory.credentials(Authorization='Bearer ' + self.token)
    response = self.api_factory.post(url, data=payload, files=files, format='multipart')

class Collection(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=60)
    collection_items = models.ManyToManyField('collection.Item')


class Item(models.Model):
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="/",null=True, blank=True)

class ItemCollectionDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Item
        fields = ('id', 'image')
        read_only_fields = ('image',)


class CollectionListSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='col_detail')
    collection_items = ItemCollectionDetailSerializer(many=True, required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Collection
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'collection_items')

    def create(self, validated_data):

        item_data = validated_data.pop('collection_items')

        print(item_data)  # <----- **EMPTY HERE???**

        etc ....edited for brevity

这是模型：

    image = Image.new('RGB', (100, 100))
    tmp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.jpg')
    image.save(tmp_file)

    files = {"collection_items": [{"image": tmp_file}]}
    payload = json.dumps({
        "title": "Test Collection",
    })

    self.api_factory.credentials(Authorization='Bearer ' + self.token)
    response = self.api_factory.post(url, data=payload, files=files, format='multipart')

class Collection(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=60)
    collection_items = models.ManyToManyField('collection.Item')


class Item(models.Model):
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="/",null=True, blank=True)

class ItemCollectionDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Item
        fields = ('id', 'image')
        read_only_fields = ('image',)


class CollectionListSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='col_detail')
    collection_items = ItemCollectionDetailSerializer(many=True, required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Collection
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'collection_items')

    def create(self, validated_data):

        item_data = validated_data.pop('collection_items')

        print(item_data)  # <----- **EMPTY HERE???**

        etc ....edited for brevity

序列化程序：

    image = Image.new('RGB', (100, 100))
    tmp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.jpg')
    image.save(tmp_file)

    files = {"collection_items": [{"image": tmp_file}]}
    payload = json.dumps({
        "title": "Test Collection",
    })

    self.api_factory.credentials(Authorization='Bearer ' + self.token)
    response = self.api_factory.post(url, data=payload, files=files, format='multipart')

class Collection(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=60)
    collection_items = models.ManyToManyField('collection.Item')


class Item(models.Model):
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="/",null=True, blank=True)

class ItemCollectionDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Item
        fields = ('id', 'image')
        read_only_fields = ('image',)


class CollectionListSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='col_detail')
    collection_items = ItemCollectionDetailSerializer(many=True, required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Collection
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'collection_items')

    def create(self, validated_data):

        item_data = validated_data.pop('collection_items')

        print(item_data)  # <----- **EMPTY HERE???**

        etc ....edited for brevity

我使用的是Django Rest Framework 3.x、Django 1.8.x和Python 3.4.x

更新

我已经试过了，但还是没有乐趣<代码>集合\u项目
在我的
创建中为空。这要么与它是嵌套对象的事实有关，要么与我的视图中发生的事情有关

    stream = BytesIO()
    image = Image.new('RGB', (100, 100))
    image.save(stream, format='jpeg')
    uploaded_file = SimpleUploadedFile("temp.jpeg", stream.getvalue())

    payload = {
        "title": "Test Collection",
        "collection_items": [{"image": uploaded_file}],
    }

    self.api_factory.credentials(Authorization='Bearer ' + self.test_access.token)
    response = self.api_factory.post(url, data=payload, format='multipart')

更新2

如果我将有效负载更改为使用
json.dumps
，它现在似乎可以看到该文件，但这当然不起作用

payload = json.dumps({
            "title": "Test Collection",
            "collection_items": [{"image": uploaded_file}],
        })

错误

我明白了

{'image': <SimpleUploadedFile: temp.jpeg (text/plain)>}

{'image'：}
使用多部分解析器，您只需在post参数中传递文件处理程序（请参阅）。在您的代码中，您提交了一个json编码的部分作为数据有效负载，并在
files
参数中提交了文件部分，我认为它不能以这种方式工作

请尝试以下代码：

from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO
from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile

stream = BytesIO()
image = Image.new('RGB', (100, 100))
image.save(stream, format='jpeg')

uploaded_file = SimpleUploadedFile("file.jpg", stream.getvalue(), content_type="image/jpg")
payload = {
    "title": "Test collection",
    "collection_items": [{"image": uf}],
}
self.api_factory.credentials(Authorization='Bearer ' + self.token)
self.api_factory.post(url, data=payload, format='multipart')
...

我不完全确定嵌套序列化是否有效，但至少文件上传应该有效。
您好，我已经根据这个答案更新了我的OP，但它仍然是空的！：（请注意，字段映像在ItemCollectionDetailSerializer中设置为只读。无论如何，我建议您使用pdb逐步检查序列化程序验证方法，以找出问题所在。