Python 如何消除多余的X轴刻度？

这是一个从.xlsx文件读取数据并利用Plotly库绘制气泡图的程序。 以下是.xlsx文件的原始数据：

             1991  1992  1993  1994  1995  1996  1997  1998  1999
         US    10    14    16    18    20    42    64   100    50
      JAPAN   100    30    70    85    30    42    64    98    24
         CN    50    22    30    65    70    66    60    45    45
      INDIA    90    88    35    50    90    60    40    66    76
         UK    40    50    70    50    25    30    22    40    60

代码如下：

# Version 2
import plotly as py
import plotly.graph_objs as go
import openpyxl
import pandas as pd


wb = openpyxl.load_workbook('grape output.xlsx')
sheet = wb['Sheet1']
row_max = sheet.max_row
col_max = sheet.max_column
first_row_list = []
first_col_list = []
for col_n in range(2, col_max+1):
    first_row_list.append(sheet.cell(row=1, column=col_n).value)
for row_n in range(2,row_max+1):
    first_col_list.append(sheet.cell(row=row_n, column=1).value)

data_all = pd.read_excel('grape output.xlsx')
data_selected = data_all.loc[:,first_row_list]

df = pd.DataFrame(data_selected)
df.index = first_col_list
colors = ['rgb(150,204,90)','rgb(255, 130, 71)','rgb(255, 193, 37)','rgb(180,240,190)','rgb(255, 10, 1)',
          'rgb(25, 19, 3)','rgb(100, 100, 100)','rgb(45,24,200)','rgb(33, 58, 108)','rgb(35, 208, 232)']

data = [go.Scatter(
    x=df.columns,
    y=[country]*len(df.columns),
    mode='markers+text',
    marker=dict(
        color=colors[num],
        size= df.loc[country],
        showscale = False,
        ),
    text=list(map(str, df.loc[country])),
    textposition='middle center',
    )
    for num, country in enumerate(reversed(df.index))
]

layout = go.Layout(plot_bgcolor='rgb(10, 10, 10)',
                   paper_bgcolor='rgb(20, 55, 100)',
                   font={
                       'size': 15,
                       'family': 'sans-serif',
                       'color': 'rgb(255, 255, 255)'
                   },
                   width=1000,
                   height=800,
                   xaxis=dict(
                       title='Output of grapes per year in different countries',
                       nticks = col_max+1,
                   ),
                   showlegend=False,
                   margin=dict(l=100, r=100, t=100, b=100),
                   hovermode = False,
                   )

fig = go.Figure(data=data, layout=layout)
py.offline.plot(fig, filename='basic-scatter.html')

气泡图绘制如下： 除了1990年和2000年的两个多余刻度以及两条白色垂直线外，一切正常。

---

我怎样才能做出一些改变来摆脱它们？谢谢大家!

如果在

xaxis

布局中设置

type='category'

，两个多余的记号和相应的网格线将不再显示在绘图中，请参见下面的代码

import plotly as py
import plotly.graph_objs as go
import openpyxl
import pandas as pd

wb = openpyxl.load_workbook('grape output.xlsx')

sheet = wb['Sheet1']
row_max = sheet.max_row
col_max = sheet.max_column
first_row_list = []
first_col_list = []
for col_n in range(2, col_max+1):
    first_row_list.append(sheet.cell(row=1, column=col_n).value)
for row_n in range(2,row_max+1):
    first_col_list.append(sheet.cell(row=row_n, column=1).value)

data_all = pd.read_excel('grape output.xlsx')
data_selected = data_all.loc[:,first_row_list]

df = pd.DataFrame(data_selected)
df.index = first_col_list
colors = ['rgb(150,204,90)','rgb(255, 130, 71)','rgb(255, 193, 37)','rgb(180,240,190)','rgb(255, 10, 1)',
          'rgb(25, 19, 3)','rgb(100, 100, 100)','rgb(45,24,200)','rgb(33, 58, 108)','rgb(35, 208, 232)']

data = [go.Scatter(
    x=df.columns,
    y=[country]*len(df.columns),
    mode='markers+text',
    marker=dict(
        color=colors[num],
        size= df.loc[country],
        showscale = False,
        ),
    text=list(map(str, df.loc[country])),
    textposition='middle center',
    )
    for num, country in enumerate(reversed(df.index))
]

layout = go.Layout(plot_bgcolor='rgb(10, 10, 10)',
                   paper_bgcolor='rgb(20, 55, 100)',
                   font={
                       'size': 15,
                       'family': 'sans-serif',
                       'color': 'rgb(255, 255, 255)'
                   },
                   width=1000,
                   height=800,
                   xaxis=dict(
                       title='Output of grapes per year in different countries',
                       nticks = col_max+1,
                       type='category'
                   ),
                   showlegend=False,
                   margin=dict(l=100, r=100, t=100, b=100),
                   hovermode = False,
                   )

fig = go.Figure(data=data, layout=layout)
py.offline.plot(fig, filename='basic-scatter.html')

---

谢谢！gflvia