Python 过滤Queryset并在Django中设计正确的URL.py和模板

我正在设计一个视频渲染儿童网站

• 该应用程序有家长类别，例如：卡通，教育节目等。每个类别有多个帖子，如丛林书，鸭子故事等卡通
• 每篇文章都有多集
• 我正在使用通用视图（listview、Detailview）作为视图

这是我的型号。py

from django.db import models
from personal.models import Post


class cartoons_post(models.Model):
    category= models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 140)
    thumbnail=models.ImageField()
    date=models.DateField()


    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse("posts:detail", kwargs={"id": self.id})


class post_episode(models.Model):
    post_id= models.ForeignKey(cartoons_post, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 140)
    thumbnail=models.ImageField()
    date=models.DateField()
    video=models.FileField()


    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse("posts:detail", kwargs={"id": self.id})

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView
from cartoons.models import cartoons_post,post_episode
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required

urlpatterns = [ 

                url(r'^$', login_required(ListView.as_view(
                                queryset=cartoons_post.objects.all().order_by("-date")[:10],
                                template_name="cartoons/cartoons.html"))),
                url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)$', login_required(ListView.as_view(
                                queryset=post_episode.objects.filter(post_id=1).order_by("-date"),
                                template_name="cartoons/post.html"))),
                url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+\d+)$',login_required(DetailView.as_view(
                                    model = post_episode,
                                    template_name="cartoons/post_episode.html"))),
            ]

这是我的url.py

from django.db import models
from personal.models import Post


class cartoons_post(models.Model):
    category= models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 140)
    thumbnail=models.ImageField()
    date=models.DateField()


    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse("posts:detail", kwargs={"id": self.id})


class post_episode(models.Model):
    post_id= models.ForeignKey(cartoons_post, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 140)
    thumbnail=models.ImageField()
    date=models.DateField()
    video=models.FileField()


    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse("posts:detail", kwargs={"id": self.id})

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView
from cartoons.models import cartoons_post,post_episode
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required

urlpatterns = [ 

                url(r'^$', login_required(ListView.as_view(
                                queryset=cartoons_post.objects.all().order_by("-date")[:10],
                                template_name="cartoons/cartoons.html"))),
                url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)$', login_required(ListView.as_view(
                                queryset=post_episode.objects.filter(post_id=1).order_by("-date"),
                                template_name="cartoons/post.html"))),
                url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+\d+)$',login_required(DetailView.as_view(
                                    model = post_episode,
                                    template_name="cartoons/post_episode.html"))),
            ]

从django.conf.url导入url，包括
从django.views.generic导入ListView，DetailView
从cartons.models导入卡通
从django.contrib.auth.decorators导入所需的登录名
urlpatterns=[
url（r'^$'，需要登录（ListView.as\u视图(
queryset=cartons\u post.objects.all（）.order\u by（“-date”）[：10]，
template_name=“cartoons/cartoons.html”），
url（r'^（？P\d+）$），需要登录（ListView.as\u视图(
queryset=post\u插曲.objects.filter（post\u id=1）.order\u by（“-date”），
template_name=“cartoons/post.html”），
url（r'^（？P\d+\d+$），需要登录（DetailView.as\u视图(
模型=后一集，
template_name=“cartons/post_eposion.html”），
]

这是我的三个模板

cartoons.html

{%extends“personal/header.html”%}
{%load staticfiles%}
{%block content%}
{对象列表%中的卡通发布百分比}
{%endfor%}
{%EntBule%} <代码> > P>您应该考虑创建<代码>视图.Py < /C>文件，而不是在URLS.PY中使用泛型视图。我认为问题在于下面这句话

url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)$',login_required(ListView.as_view(queryset=post_episode.objects.filter(post_id=1).order_by("-date"),template_name="cartoons/post.html"))),

然后将url路由到该视图：

from <yourapp.views> import EpisodeListView
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
url(r'^episodes/(?P<pk>\d+)$',login_required(EpisodeListView.as_view())

从导入EpiodeListView
从django.contrib.auth.decorators导入所需的登录名
url（r'^scents/（？P\d+）$），需要登录（eposodelistView.as\u view（））
您应该使用@python\u 2\u unicode\u compitable，而不是自定义unicode和str