Python 使用sqlalchemy读取sql数据库：操作错误[Errno 111]连接被拒绝

这很好用

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
import pandas as pd

db_connection_str = 'mysql+pymysql://User:PW@localhost/DBName'
db_connection = create_engine(db_connection_str)

df = pd.read_sql('SELECT * FROM tablename', con=db_connection)

如果我用IP替换

localhost

，则不会

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
import pandas as pd

db_connection_str = 'mysql+pymysql://User:PW@192.168.0.7/DBName'
db_connection = create_engine(db_connection_str)

df = pd.read_sql('SELECT * FROM tablename', con=db_connection)

OperationalError:（pymysql.err.OperationalError）（2003，“无法连接到'192.168.0.7'上的MySQL服务器（[Errno 111]连接被拒绝）”） （此错误的背景信息位于：）

但是有必要用IP替换localhost，因为我想从客户端执行脚本

编辑：在我的

/etc/mysql/my.cnf

中没有

绑定地址：

-因此我添加了最后一行：

# The MariaDB configuration file
#
# The MariaDB/MySQL tools read configuration files in the following order:
# 1. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf" (this file) to set global defaults,
# 2. "/etc/mysql/conf.d/*.cnf" to set global options.
# 3. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/*.cnf" to set MariaDB-only options.
# 4. "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
#
# If the same option is defined multiple times, the last one will apply.
#
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.

#
# This group is read both both by the client and the server
# use it for options that affect everything
#
[client-server]

# Import all .cnf files from configuration directory
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

bind-address = 0.0.0.0

并执行

sudo systemctl restart mariadb

现在我有一条新的错误消息：

InternalError:（pymysql.err.InternalError）数据包序列号 错误-获取1应为0（此错误的背景信息位于： )

---

内部错误的解决方案：数据包序列号错误-获取1预期的0

错误可在此处找到：

检查MySQL服务器配置，查看是否设置了

绑定地址（或默认值）到
localhost
。尝试直接从PyMySQL运行以检查连接。如果使用
localhost
，则测试脚本正常工作，但它与IP不兼容：
InternalError:Packet sequence number error-得到1预期为0