Python 骰子计数器错误

我正在用Python2.7制作一个掷骰子的程序，然后计算每个数字被掷的次数。但我似乎无法解决这个问题

它返回：回溯（最近一次调用last）： 文件“dicerroller.py”，第16行，在 计数器[s]+=1 关键错误：3 从随机导入randint

while True:
    z = raw_input("How many sides should the dice(s) have?\n> ")
    i = 0
    x = raw_input("How many dices do you want?\n> ")
    dice = {}
    while i <= int(x):

        dice[i] = randint(1,int(z))
        i += 1

    counter = {}
    for p, s in dice.iteritems():
        counter[s] += 1

    print counter

    raw_input("Return to restart.") 

为True时：
z=原始输入（“骰子应该有多少边？\n>”）
i=0
x=原始输入（“您想要多少个骰子？\n>”）
骰子={}
当i将每个计数器设置为值
+1
：

counter[s] =+ 1
#           ^^^

您没有在那里使用
+=
；Python认为这是：

counter[s] = (+1)

交换
+
和
=
：

counter[s] += 1

这将引发异常，因为键
s
不会第一次出现；在这种情况下，使用
counter.get（）
获取默认值：

counter[s] = counter.get(s, 0) + 1

或者使用字典而不是普通字典：

from collections import defaultdict

counter = defaultdict(int)
for s in dice.itervalues():
    counter[s] =+ 1

或使用a进行计数：

from collections import Counter

counter = Counter(dice.itervalues())

使用xrange并在运行时增加每个计数，如果您只想计算每侧滚动的次数，则无需使用两个DICT：

from collections import defaultdict
from random import randint
z = int(raw_input("How many sides should the dice(s) have?\n> "))
x = int(raw_input("How many dices do you want?\n> "))

counts = defaultdict(int) # store dices sides as keys, counts as values

# loop in range of how many dice
for _ in xrange(x):
    counts[randint(1,z)] += 1 


for side,count in counts.iteritems():
    print("{} was rolled {} time(s)".format(side,count))

输出：

How many sides should the dice(s) have?
> 6
How many dices do you want?
> 10
1 was rolled 2 time(s)
2 was rolled 3 time(s)
3 was rolled 1 time(s)
4 was rolled 1 time(s)
5 was rolled 1 time(s)
6 was rolled 2 time(s)

如果要在输出中包含所有骰子边，可以使用xrange创建计数dict：

 counts = {k:0 for k in xrange(1, z+1)}

因此，输出将是：

How many sides should the dice(s) have?
> 6
How many dices do you want?
> 10
1 was rolled 0 time(s)
2 was rolled 2 time(s)
3 was rolled 0 time(s)
4 was rolled 0 time(s)
5 was rolled 5 time(s)
6 was rolled 3 time(s)

我切换是因为：如果我做+=1，我会得到以下错误：回溯（最近一次调用last）：文件“dicerroller.py”，第16行，在计数器[s]+=1键错误：3我将修复OP@HåvardNygård：是的，因为您无法添加到字典中尚未包含的值。有关解决方案，请参阅我的更新。