使用AppleScript为Mavericks上的应用程序启用辅助访问：本地化和优雅

从MacOS10.9Mavericks开始，苹果

对于给定的应用程序，我编写了以下AppleScript函数来处理此问题。该脚本适合我，但有两个缺陷：

当操作系统以英语以外的语言运行时，硬编码的按钮名称将出错，脚本将失败。我如何才能发现操作系统运行的语言，以及“单击锁进行更改”按钮在该语言中的名称？或者，是否有方法在不读取按钮名称的情况下确定此按钮是否处于

锁定

、

验证

或

解锁

状态

脚本在等待用户输入管理员用户名和密码时使用紧密的重复循环。是否有更好的策略可以用来等待对话框成功取消

====

将输出设置为AllowAsistiveAccessfor（“Skype”）
如果（输出的| quitWhenDone |），那么
告诉应用程序“系统首选项”退出
如果结束
关于AllowAsistiveAccessfor（应用程序名称）
将quitWhenDone设置为not（应用程序“系统首选项”正在运行）
将输出设置为{quitWhenDone:quitWhenDone}
告诉应用程序“系统首选项”
激活
显示窗格id“com.apple.preference.security”的主播“Privacy\u Accessibility”
告诉应用程序“系统事件”
告诉流程“系统首选项”
--查找包含应用程序图标和复选框的表
尝试
将appTable设置为窗口“安全和隐私”选项卡组1的组1滚动区域1的表1
关于错误消息
返回输出&{state:-1，message:errorMessage}
结束尝试
将total设置为appTable的行数
--查找引用applicationName的行
重复上述步骤，使rowNumber从1到total
如果（appTable行rowNumber的UI元素1的名称=applicationName），则
将appCheckbox设置为appTable行rowNumber的UI元素1的复选框1
如果（appCheckbox的值为布尔值），则
--已为此应用程序启用辅助访问
返回输出&{状态：0，消息：“已启用”}
其他的
--单击“单击锁进行更改”按钮。
如果存在“安全和隐私”窗口的“单击锁进行更改”按钮，则
单击“安全和隐私”窗口的“单击锁进行更改”按钮
--用户现在必须输入管理员密码。这可能需要一些时间。
--按钮的名称将更改为“身份验证”。。。
将解锁设置为窗口“安全和隐私”的“身份验证…”按钮
解锁时重复此操作
结束重复
-- ... 然后“单击锁以防止进一步更改…”。。。除非用户取消
如果存在“安全和隐私”窗口的“单击锁进行更改”按钮，则
返回输出&{state:-1，消息：“User cancelled”}
如果结束
如果结束
--单击复选框。
--如果我们必须解锁“安全和隐私”窗格，则可能无法立即单击
--效果。尽可能多地尝试1秒，如果失败就放弃
将failMessage设置为“无法允许”&applicationName&“应用程序控制您的计算机”
将endDate设置为（当前日期）+1.0--从现在起1秒
重复
尝试
如果（（当前日期）>结束日期），则
--时间到了
返回输出&{state:-1，message:failMessage}
如果结束
单击应用复选框
如果（appCheckbox的值为布尔值），则
返回输出&{state:0，消息：“Success”}
如果结束
关于错误消息
--可怕的事情发生了。继续努力，直到时间到了
结束尝试
结束重复
如果结束
如果结束
结束重复
结束语
结束语
结束语
返回输出&{state:-1，消息：“Application”&applicationName&“notfound”}
end AllowsIsistiveAccessfor

不使用窗口和按钮名称，您可以将窗口称为“窗口1”，将锁定按钮称为“按钮4”。这样，系统使用的语言就不重要了

tell application "System Preferences"
    activate
    reveal anchor "Privacy_Accessibility" of pane id "com.apple.preference.security"
    tell application "System Events"
        tell process "System Preferences"
            tell button 4 of window 1 to click
        end tell
    end tell
end tell

一旦用户通过身份验证，按钮4的名称就会更改。所以你可以循环直到你看到改变。以下不是一个完美的解决方案，因为它只适用于英语语言系统，但它可能有助于您更进一步

tell application "System Preferences"
    activate
    reveal anchor "Privacy_Accessibility" of pane id "com.apple.preference.security"
    tell application "System Events"
        tell process "System Preferences"
            tell button 4 of window 1 to click
            with timeout of 180 seconds
                repeat until button "Click the lock to prevent further changes." of window 1 exists
                end repeat
                display dialog "Preference pane unlocked." with title (the name as text) buttons {"OK"} default button "OK" giving up after 60
            end timeout
        end tell
    end tell
end tell

---

无论操作系统运行的语言是什么，我的脚本的这个版本都可以工作。用法语和俄语测试。它仍然使用紧密的重复循环来检查用户是否关闭了身份验证对话框，但这似乎不会影响性能

tell application "System Preferences"
    activate
    reveal anchor "Privacy_Accessibility" of pane id "com.apple.preference.security"
    tell application "System Events"
        tell process "System Preferences"
            tell button 4 of window 1 to click
            with timeout of 180 seconds
                repeat until button "Click the lock to prevent further changes." of window 1 exists
                end repeat
                display dialog "Preference pane unlocked." with title (the name as text) buttons {"OK"} default button "OK" giving up after 60
            end timeout
        end tell
    end tell
end tell

set output to allowAssistiveAccessFor("skype")

if (the |quitWhenDone| of output) then
    tell application "System Preferences" to quit
end if

get output


on allowAssistiveAccessFor(applicationName)
    set quitWhenDone to not (application "System Preferences" is running)
    set output to {quitWhenDone:quitWhenDone}

    tell application "System Preferences"

        reopen -- to ensure that the application will be open and window 1 will contain a tab group
        activate

        -- Open the Accessibility pane of the Security & Privacy Preferences
        reveal anchor "Privacy_Accessibility" of pane id "com.apple.preference.security"

        -- The "Security & Privacy" window and its contents are only available through System Events
        tell application "System Events" to tell process "System Preferences"

            -- Find the table that contains the application icons and checkboxes. This will be in
            -- window 1 which is called "Security & Privacy" in English. If assistive access is
            -- not enabled for AppleScript, then we will have no access to any window.
            try
                set securityAndPrivacyWindow to window 1
                set appTable to table 1 of scroll area 1 of group 1 of tab group 1 of securityAndPrivacyWindow

            on error errorMessage
                return output & {state:-1, message:errorMessage}
            end try

            -- If we get here, then the assistive access is enabled for AppleScript.
            -- Let's find the row that refers to applicationName 
            set total to the number of rows of appTable
            repeat with rowNumber from 1 to total
                if (name of UI element 1 of row rowNumber of appTable = applicationName) then

                    -- We have found the row containing the applicationName checkbox
                    set appCheckbox to checkbox 1 of UI element 1 of row rowNumber of appTable

                    if (value of appCheckbox as boolean) then
                        -- Assistive access is already enabled for this application
                        return output & {state:0, message:"Already enabled"}

                    else
                        (*  Attempt to click on appCheckbox. If its value changes then the
                        Security & Privacy window was already unlocked. If it fails, then we will
                        need to ask the user to enter an admin name and password
                    *)

                        click appCheckbox

                        if (value of appCheckbox as boolean) then
                            return output & {state:0, message:"Success"}
                        end if

                        (*  If we get here, then the click on appCheckbox had no effect, presumably
                        because this window is locked. We need to simulate a click on the 
                        “Click the lock to make changes.” button. This may have different names in
                        different languages. All we know for certain is:
                        •   It is button 4 (in Mavericks at least)
                        •   Its name will change to something meaning "Authenticating…" when it is
                            clicked
                        •   If it was in its locked state:
                            -   a dialog will now show, and it will take the user a significant amount of
                                time to respond to the dialog
                            -   Its name will change again when the user clicks on one of the buttons
                                in the dialog
                            -   If its name reverts to the name it had before, then the user canceled
                                the dialog
                            -   If its name becomes something new, then the user successfully
                                entered an admin name and password
                        •   If it were in its unlocked state, it would immediately lock and its name would
                            not change again, so we would wait forever in the `repeat while` loop
                            However, if it were in its unlocked state then we would already have changed
                            the state of the applicationName checkbox, so we would not be here.
                        *)

                        set lockButton to button 4 of securityAndPrivacyWindow
                        click lockButton

                        -- The name of the button will have changed to something like "Authenticating"...
                        set unlocking to button 4 of securityAndPrivacyWindow

                        -- The user will now have to enter an admin password. This can take some time.
                        repeat while exists unlocking
                            -- The user has not yet clicked on either the Cancel or the Unlock button yet
                        end repeat

                        (*  The user has closed the dialog. If s/he clicked Cancel then:
                            •   The original name of the button will have been restored
                            •   We cannot continue
                        *)
                        if exists lockButton then
                            return output & {state:-1, message:"User canceled"}
                        end if

                        -- If we get here, we can simulate a click on the <applicationName> checkbox.
                        click appCheckbox

                        if (value of appCheckbox as boolean) then
                            return output & {state:0, message:"Success after authentication"}
                        else
                            return output & {state:-1, message:"Failure after authentication"}
                        end if
                    end if
                end if
            end repeat
        end tell
    end tell

    return output & {state:-1, message:"Application " & applicationName & " not found"}
end allowAssistiveAccessFor