C++ “如何修复”；不支持GLSL 3.30“；SDL2错误

我正在用OpenGL和SDL2在屏幕上画一个三角形

我的问题在于着色器编译阶段

以下是我得到的错误：

错误：：着色器：：顶点：：编译失败 0:1（10）：错误：不支持GLSL 3.30。支持的版本有：1.10、1.20、1.30、1.40、1.00 ES和3.00 ES

错误：：着色器：：片段：：编译失败 0:1（10）：错误：不支持GLSL 3.30。支持的版本有：1.10、1.20、1.30、1.40、1.00 ES和3.00 ES

错误：：着色器：：程序：：链接失败 错误：链接未编译/未专用着色器错误：链接未编译/未专用着色器

我在一些论坛上看到人们有相同的错误消息，他们被告知默认情况下，MESA将切换到compatibility profile而不是core profile，但问题是我已经明确告诉SDL2创建一个core context profile：

SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);

顺便说一下，我已经在同一台计算机上使用了OpenGL版本3.30和GLSL 3.30，通过与GLFW和GLAW一起使用，没有任何问题，但现在我只想让它与SDL2和GLEW一起使用

以下是

glxinfo | grep“version”

命令的结果：

server glx version string: 1.4
client glx version string: 1.4
GLX version: 1.4
    Max core profile version: 3.3
    Max compat profile version: 3.1
    Max GLES1 profile version: 1.1
    Max GLES[23] profile version: 3.1
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 19.1.7
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30
OpenGL version string: 3.1 Mesa 19.1.7
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.40
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.1 Mesa 19.1.7
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.10
    GL_EXT_shader_implicit_conversions, GL_EXT_shader_integer_mix,

以及我主要职能的内容：

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // =====> INIT VARS
    SDL_Window* window;
    SDL_Renderer* renderer;
    SDL_GLContext glContext;
    GLenum err;
    // INIT VARS <=====

    if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_RED_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_GREEN_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BLUE_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_ALPHA_SIZE, 8);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_BUFFER_SIZE, 32);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE, 24);

    window = createWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "TP_PROGRAMMATION_3D");
    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }
    renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
    if(renderer == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // OPENGL CONTEXT FOR THE WINDOW
    glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(window);

    // GLEW INIT
    err = glewInit();
    if(err != GLEW_OK)
    {
        std::cout << glewGetErrorString(err) << std::endl;
        SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer); SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // EVERYTHING'S FINE : TIME TO PAINT IT GREY
    glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(1);
    glClearColor(Color::LIGHT_GREY[0], Color::LIGHT_GREY[1], Color::LIGHT_GREY[2], Color::LIGHT_GREY[3]);

    // OPENGL DRAWING CALLS AND MAIN DRAWING LOOP
    draw_gl(window);

    // END
    SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
    SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
    SDL_Quit();

    return 0;
}

---

好吧，我让它工作了，但老实说，我不知道为什么我做了一些小改动，现在它工作了，因为它看起来几乎是一样的

代码如下：

#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "color.hpp"

#define WIDTH 800
#define HEIGHT 600

float triangle[] =
{
    -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
    0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f
};

const char* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n"
"}";

const char* fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   color = vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);\n"
"}";

SDL_Window* createWindow(int w, int h, std::string title)
{
    SDL_Window* window = nullptr;

    if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return nullptr;
    }

    // OPENGL VERSION
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 3);

    // DOUBLE BUFFER
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE, 24);

    if(w == 0 and h == 0)
    {
        window = SDL_CreateWindow(
                title.c_str(),
                SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                w,
                h,
                SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN);
    }
    window = SDL_CreateWindow(
            title.c_str(),
            SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
            SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
            w,
            h,
            SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);

    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return nullptr;
    }

    return window;
}

int processInput()
{
    SDL_Event event;

    if(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
    {
        if(event.type == SDL_QUIT)
            return -1;
        if(event.type == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_RESIZED)
            glViewport(0, 0, event.window.data1, event.window.data2);
    }
    return 1;
}

void draw_gl(SDL_Window* window)
{
    // VAO
    GLuint vao1;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao1);
    glBindVertexArray(vao1);

    // VBO for a triangle
    GLuint vbo1;
    glGenBuffers(1, &vbo1);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo1);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(triangle), triangle, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    // VertexAttribPointer
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

    // Vertex shader
    GLuint vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(vertexShader);

    // Fragment shader
    GLuint fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(fragmentShader);

    // Check for compile errors if any
    int success;
    char infoLog[512];

    glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    // Shader program
    GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
    glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

    glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
    glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
    glUseProgram(shaderProgram);

    while(true)
    {
        if(processInput() == -1)
            break;

        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
        SDL_GL_SwapWindow(window);
    }
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // =====> INIT VARS
    SDL_Window* window;
    SDL_Renderer* renderer;
    SDL_GLContext glContext;
    GLenum err;
    // INIT VARS <=====

    window = createWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "OPENGL");
    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // OPENGL CONTEXT FOR THE WINDOW
    glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(window);

    // GLEW INIT
    glewExperimental = true;
    err = glewInit();
    if(err != GLEW_OK)
    {
        std::cout << glewGetErrorString(err) << std::endl;
        SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer); SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // EVERYTHING'S FINE : TIME TO PAINT IT GREY
    glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(1);
    glClearColor(Color::LIGHT_GREY[0], Color::LIGHT_GREY[1], Color::LIGHT_GREY[2], Color::LIGHT_GREY[3]);

    // OPENGL DRAWING CALLS AND MAIN DRAWING LOOP
    draw_gl(window);

    // END
    SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
    //SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
    SDL_Quit();

    return 0;
}

#包括
#包括
#包括
#包括“color.hpp”
#定义宽度800
#定义高度600
浮动三角形[]=
{
-0.5f，-0.5f，0.0f，
0.5f，-0.5f，0.0f，
0.0f，0.5f，0.0f
};
const char*vertexShaderSource=“#版本330核心\n”
“vec3 aPos中的布局（位置=0）；\n”
“void main（）\n”
“{\n”
“gl_Position=vec4（aPos.x，aPos.y，aPos.z，1.0）；\n”
"}";
常量字符*fragmentShaderSource=“#版本330核心\n”
“输出vec4颜色；\n”
“void main（）\n”
“{\n”
color=vec4（1.0f，1.0f，0.0f，1.0f）；\n
"}";
SDL_Window*createWindow（整数w、整数h、标准：：字符串标题）
{
SDL_Window*Window=nullptr；
if（SDL_Init（SDL_Init_视频）<0）
{
std：：cout“[…]我做了一些小改动[…]”-你能指出你改变了什么吗？请注意，在问题中你没有发布完整的代码，因此不可能比较问题代码和答案代码。没有这一点，答案是无用的。我只是删除了SDL_渲染器对象的使用。显然这就是问题所在，因为当我尝试创建DL_渲染器使用SDL_CreateRenderer，它再次打印了一些错误！
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "color.hpp"

#define WIDTH 800
#define HEIGHT 600

float triangle[] =
{
    -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
    0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f
};

const char* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n"
"}";

const char* fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"   color = vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);\n"
"}";

SDL_Window* createWindow(int w, int h, std::string title)
{
    SDL_Window* window = nullptr;

    if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return nullptr;
    }

    // OPENGL VERSION
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 3);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 3);

    // DOUBLE BUFFER
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);
    SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DEPTH_SIZE, 24);

    if(w == 0 and h == 0)
    {
        window = SDL_CreateWindow(
                title.c_str(),
                SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
                w,
                h,
                SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN);
    }
    window = SDL_CreateWindow(
            title.c_str(),
            SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
            SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
            w,
            h,
            SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);

    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        return nullptr;
    }

    return window;
}

int processInput()
{
    SDL_Event event;

    if(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
    {
        if(event.type == SDL_QUIT)
            return -1;
        if(event.type == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_RESIZED)
            glViewport(0, 0, event.window.data1, event.window.data2);
    }
    return 1;
}

void draw_gl(SDL_Window* window)
{
    // VAO
    GLuint vao1;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao1);
    glBindVertexArray(vao1);

    // VBO for a triangle
    GLuint vbo1;
    glGenBuffers(1, &vbo1);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo1);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(triangle), triangle, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    // VertexAttribPointer
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

    // Vertex shader
    GLuint vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(vertexShader);

    // Fragment shader
    GLuint fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(fragmentShader);

    // Check for compile errors if any
    int success;
    char infoLog[512];

    glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    // Shader program
    GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
    glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

    glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
    if(! success)
    {
        glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, nullptr, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }

    glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
    glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
    glUseProgram(shaderProgram);

    while(true)
    {
        if(processInput() == -1)
            break;

        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
        SDL_GL_SwapWindow(window);
    }
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // =====> INIT VARS
    SDL_Window* window;
    SDL_Renderer* renderer;
    SDL_GLContext glContext;
    GLenum err;
    // INIT VARS <=====

    window = createWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "OPENGL");
    if(window == nullptr)
    {
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // OPENGL CONTEXT FOR THE WINDOW
    glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(window);

    // GLEW INIT
    glewExperimental = true;
    err = glewInit();
    if(err != GLEW_OK)
    {
        std::cout << glewGetErrorString(err) << std::endl;
        SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer); SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
        SDL_Quit();
        return -1;
    }

    // EVERYTHING'S FINE : TIME TO PAINT IT GREY
    glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    SDL_GL_SetSwapInterval(1);
    glClearColor(Color::LIGHT_GREY[0], Color::LIGHT_GREY[1], Color::LIGHT_GREY[2], Color::LIGHT_GREY[3]);

    // OPENGL DRAWING CALLS AND MAIN DRAWING LOOP
    draw_gl(window);

    // END
    SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
    //SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
    SDL_Quit();

    return 0;
}