Java 你能用Mockito模拟一个调用静态方法的非静态方法吗？

我知道你不能用mockito模拟静态方法。但是我试图模拟的方法不是静态的，但是它在其中调用了静态方法。那么我可以嘲笑这个方法吗

我在运行测试时遇到异常。对静态方法的调用是否是此异常的原因

要测试的类：

public class MyAction{
        public ActionForward search(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            MyService service = new MyService();
            **form.setList(service.getRecords(searchRequest));**
        }
    }

public class MyService{
    public List getRecords(SearchRequest sr){
        List returnList = new ArrayList();
        MyDao dao = DAOFactory.getInstance().getDAO();---->Call to static method
        // Some codes
        return returnList;
    }
}

public class DAOFactory{
        private static DAOFactory instance = new DAOFactory();

         public static DAOFactory getInstance() {------> The static method
            return instance;
        }       
    }

@Test
public void testSearch() throws Exception{
    MyService service = mock(MyService.class);
    MyAction action = new MyAction();

    List<MyList> list = new ArrayList<MyList>();
    when(service.getRecords(searchRequest)).thenReturn(list);
    ActionForward forward = action.search(mapping, form, request, response);        
}

模拟类和方法：

public class MyAction{
        public ActionForward search(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            MyService service = new MyService();
            **form.setList(service.getRecords(searchRequest));**
        }
    }

public class MyService{
    public List getRecords(SearchRequest sr){
        List returnList = new ArrayList();
        MyDao dao = DAOFactory.getInstance().getDAO();---->Call to static method
        // Some codes
        return returnList;
    }
}

public class DAOFactory{
        private static DAOFactory instance = new DAOFactory();

         public static DAOFactory getInstance() {------> The static method
            return instance;
        }       
    }

@Test
public void testSearch() throws Exception{
    MyService service = mock(MyService.class);
    MyAction action = new MyAction();

    List<MyList> list = new ArrayList<MyList>();
    when(service.getRecords(searchRequest)).thenReturn(list);
    ActionForward forward = action.search(mapping, form, request, response);        
}

使用静态方法初始化：

public class MyAction{
        public ActionForward search(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            MyService service = new MyService();
            **form.setList(service.getRecords(searchRequest));**
        }
    }

public class MyService{
    public List getRecords(SearchRequest sr){
        List returnList = new ArrayList();
        MyDao dao = DAOFactory.getInstance().getDAO();---->Call to static method
        // Some codes
        return returnList;
    }
}

public class DAOFactory{
        private static DAOFactory instance = new DAOFactory();

         public static DAOFactory getInstance() {------> The static method
            return instance;
        }       
    }

@Test
public void testSearch() throws Exception{
    MyService service = mock(MyService.class);
    MyAction action = new MyAction();

    List<MyList> list = new ArrayList<MyList>();
    when(service.getRecords(searchRequest)).thenReturn(list);
    ActionForward forward = action.search(mapping, form, request, response);        
}

我的测试：

public class MyAction{
        public ActionForward search(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            MyService service = new MyService();
            **form.setList(service.getRecords(searchRequest));**
        }
    }

public class MyService{
    public List getRecords(SearchRequest sr){
        List returnList = new ArrayList();
        MyDao dao = DAOFactory.getInstance().getDAO();---->Call to static method
        // Some codes
        return returnList;
    }
}

public class DAOFactory{
        private static DAOFactory instance = new DAOFactory();

         public static DAOFactory getInstance() {------> The static method
            return instance;
        }       
    }

@Test
public void testSearch() throws Exception{
    MyService service = mock(MyService.class);
    MyAction action = new MyAction();

    List<MyList> list = new ArrayList<MyList>();
    when(service.getRecords(searchRequest)).thenReturn(list);
    ActionForward forward = action.search(mapping, form, request, response);        
}

@测试
public void testSearch（）引发异常{
MyService=mock（MyService.class）；
MyAction动作=新的MyAction（）；
列表=新的ArrayList（）；
when（service.getRecords（searchRequest）），然后return（list）；
ActionForward=action.search（映射、表单、请求、响应）；
}

这是我运行测试时的堆栈跟踪。请记住，为了简单起见，我已经更改了类的名称。

---

问题在于，您的

搜索

方法无法使用服务模拟，因为它通过

MyService service=new MyClass（）创建自己的实例。因此，您必须重构
MyAction
类，以允许
MyService
注入并在其中注入模拟。或者使用更重的武器-PowerMock

最简单、最安全的重构

在IDE“extract method”重构中使用以提取构造“new MyClass（）”。因此，它将成为：

public class MyAction{
        public ActionForward search(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            MyService service = getMyService();
            **form.setList(service.getRecords(searchRequest));**
        }
        MyService getMyService() {
          return new MyClass();
        }

    }

然后在单元测试中，您可以通过创建内部子类来注入模拟：

public class MyActionTest {
   private MyService service = mock(MyService.class);
   private MyAction action = new MyAction(){
       @Override
       MyService getMyService() {return service;}
   };

    @Test
    public void testSearch() throws Exception{

        List<MyList> list = new ArrayList<MyList>();
        when(service.getRecords(searchRequest)).thenReturn(list);
        ActionForward forward = action.search(mapping, form, request, response);        
    }

}

公共类MyActionTest{
私有MyService=mock（MyService.class）；
private MyAction=new MyAction（）{
@凌驾
MyService getMyService（）{return service；}
};
@试验
public void testSearch（）引发异常{
列表=新的ArrayList（）；
when（service.getRecords（searchRequest）），然后return（list）；
ActionForward=action.search（映射、表单、请求、响应）；
}
}
Doh-我一直在寻找更复杂的情况，完全忽略了服务模拟未使用的事实…@JonSkeet He。。。他是一名学生……：）尽管重构目前不是一个选项，因为我被要求为一些遗留代码编写测试，但我如何重构它以便注入模拟代码？Thanks@javaStudent我已将其中一种方法添加到我的answer@javaStudent一个被模拟的方法根本不会被执行，所以它对什么都不重要。