Python 3.x 如何使用控件小部件向绘图添加子绘图

我想用一对控件滑块控制的两个子窗口来扩展这个问题的解决方案

我试过的代码没有错误，但它既不显示图形也不显示控件

from ipywidgets import widgets
from IPython.display import display
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
%matplotlib notebook

fig1, ax1 = plt.subplots(211)
line1, = ax1.semilogx([],[], label='Multipath')
hline1 = ax1.axhline(y = 0, linewidth=1.2, color='black',ls='--')
text1 = ax1.text(0, 0, "T Threshold",
                verticalalignment='top', horizontalalignment='left',
                transform=ax1.get_yaxis_transform(),
                color='brown', fontsize=10)
ax1.set_xlabel('Separation Distance, r (m)')
ax1.set_ylabel('Received Power, $P_t$ (dBm)')
ax1.grid(True,which="both",ls=":")
ax1.legend()

fig2, ax2 = plt.subplots(212)
line2, = ax2.semilogx([],[], label='Monostatic Link')
hline2 = ax2.axhline(y = 0, linewidth=1.2, color='black',ls='--')
text2 = ax2.text(0, 0, "R Threshold",
                verticalalignment='top', horizontalalignment='left',
                transform=ax2.get_yaxis_transform(),
                color='brown', fontsize=10)
ax2.set_xlabel('Separation Distance, r (m)')
ax2.set_ylabel('Received Power, $P_t$ (dBm)')
ax2.grid(True,which="both",ls=":")
ax2.legend()

def update_plot(h1, h2):
    D = np.arange(0.5, 12.0, 0.0100)
    r = np.sqrt((h1-h2)**2 + D**2)
    freq = 865.7 #freq = 915 MHz
    lmb = 300/freq 
    H = D**2/(D**2+2*h1*h2)
    theta = 4*np.pi*h1*h2/(lmb*D)
    q_e = H**2*(np.sin(theta))**2 + (1 - H*np.cos(theta))**2
    q_e_rcn1 = 1
    P_x_G = 4 # 4 Watt EIRP
    sigma = 1.94
    N_1 = np.random.normal(0,sigma,D.shape)
    rnd = 10**(-N_1/10)
    F = 10
    y = 10*np.log10( 1000*(P_x_G*1.622*((lmb)**2) *0.5*1) / (((4*np.pi*r)**2) *1.2*1*F)*q_e*rnd*q_e_rcn1 )
    line1.set_data(r,y)

    hline1.set_ydata(-18)
    text1.set_position((0.02, -18.5))
    ax1.relim()
    ax1.autoscale_view()
    fig1.canvas.draw_idle()
    ######################################
    rd =np.sqrt((h1-h2)**2 + D**2)
    rd = np.sort(rd)
    P_r=0.8
    G_r=5 # 7dBi
    q_e_rcn2 = 1
    N_2 = np.random.normal(0, sigma*2, D.shape)
    rnd_2 = 10**(-N_2/10)
    F_2 = 126 # 21 dB for K=3dB and P_outage = 0.05
    y = 10*np.log10(  1000*(P_r*(G_r*1.622)**2*(lmb)**4*0.5**2*0.25)/((4*np.pi*rd)**4*1.2**2*1**2*F_2)*
            q_e**2*rnd*rnd_2*q_e_rcn1*q_e_rcn2  )
    line2.set_data(rd,y)
    hline2.set_ydata(-80)
    text2.set_position((0.02, -80.5))
    ax2.relim()
    ax2.autoscale_view()
    fig2.canvas.draw_idle()

r_height = widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.5, max=4, value=0.9, description= 'R_Height:')
t_height = widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.15, max=1.5, value=0.5, description= 'T_Height:')
widgets.interactive(update_plot, h1=r_height, h2=t_height)

在第二个子图中，y=-80处有一条水平线，其中的文本应以与图的第一个子图类似的方式移动

如何使用相同的控件添加第二个子批

---

注意。

此代码确实会产生错误。问题是，您正在创建一个包含211（即两百个deleven）子地块的地物。它们存储在一个名为

ax1

的数组中，该数组没有

.semilogx

方法。因此错误

AttributeError:'numpy.ndarray'对象没有属性'semilogx'

因此，您只需要两个子包，可以直接解包

fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=2)

其余的基本上是根据新的情况调整代码。然后应该是这样的：

from ipywidgets import widgets
from IPython.display import display
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
%matplotlib notebook

fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=2)
line1, = ax1.semilogx([],[], label='Multipath')
hline1 = ax1.axhline(y = 0, linewidth=1.2, color='black',ls='--')
text1 = ax1.text(0, 0, "T Threshold",
                verticalalignment='top', horizontalalignment='left',
                transform=ax1.get_yaxis_transform(),
                color='brown', fontsize=10)
ax1.set_xlabel('Separation Distance, r (m)')
ax1.set_ylabel('Received Power, $P_t$ (dBm)')
ax1.grid(True,which="both",ls=":")
ax1.legend()

line2, = ax2.semilogx([],[], label='Monostatic Link')
hline2 = ax2.axhline(y = 0, linewidth=1.2, color='black',ls='--')
text2 = ax2.text(0, 0, "R Threshold",
                verticalalignment='top', horizontalalignment='left',
                transform=ax2.get_yaxis_transform(),
                color='brown', fontsize=10)
ax2.set_xlabel('Separation Distance, r (m)')
ax2.set_ylabel('Received Power, $P_t$ (dBm)')
ax2.grid(True,which="both",ls=":")
ax2.legend()

def update_plot(h1, h2):
    D = np.arange(0.5, 12.0, 0.0100)
    r = np.sqrt((h1-h2)**2 + D**2)
    freq = 865.7 #freq = 915 MHz
    lmb = 300/freq 
    H = D**2/(D**2+2*h1*h2)
    theta = 4*np.pi*h1*h2/(lmb*D)
    q_e = H**2*(np.sin(theta))**2 + (1 - H*np.cos(theta))**2
    q_e_rcn1 = 1
    P_x_G = 4 # 4 Watt EIRP
    sigma = 1.94
    N_1 = np.random.normal(0,sigma,D.shape)
    rnd = 10**(-N_1/10)
    F = 10
    y = 10*np.log10( 1000*(P_x_G*1.622*((lmb)**2) *0.5*1) / (((4*np.pi*r)**2) *1.2*1*F)*q_e*rnd*q_e_rcn1 )
    line1.set_data(r,y)

    hline1.set_ydata(-18)
    text1.set_position((0.02, -18.5))
    ax1.relim()
    ax1.autoscale_view()

    ######################################
    rd =np.sqrt((h1-h2)**2 + D**2)
    rd = np.sort(rd)
    P_r=0.8
    G_r=5 # 7dBi
    q_e_rcn2 = 1
    N_2 = np.random.normal(0, sigma*2, D.shape)
    rnd_2 = 10**(-N_2/10)
    F_2 = 126 # 21 dB for K=3dB and P_outage = 0.05
    y = 10*np.log10(  1000*(P_r*(G_r*1.622)**2*(lmb)**4*0.5**2*0.25)/((4*np.pi*rd)**4*1.2**2*1**2*F_2)*
            q_e**2*rnd*rnd_2*q_e_rcn1*q_e_rcn2  )
    line2.set_data(rd,y)
    hline2.set_ydata(-80)
    text2.set_position((0.02, -80.5))
    ax2.relim()
    ax2.autoscale_view()

    fig.canvas.draw_idle()

r_height = widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.5, max=4, value=0.9, description= 'R_Height:')
t_height = widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.15, max=1.5, value=0.5, description= 'T_Height:')
widgets.interactive(update_plot, h1=r_height, h2=t_height)

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非常感谢。绘图将随控件无缝更新。我想问你们最后一个问题，我怎样才能将其中一个子图从semilogx转换成散点图？我试图更改

semilogx

以获得

scatter

，但给出了错误，因为scatter是不可编辑的。它说“'PathCollection'对象是不可编辑的”，如果我在

line2

之后去掉逗号（isscatter是第二个子图），则错误是“AttributeError:'PathCollection'对象没有属性'set_data'”并指向第2行。设置数据（rd，y）。这是一个完全不同的问题。。如果你在谷歌上搜索“matplotlib更新散布”，这肯定在别处有答案。你是对的。我已经搜索过了，但只找到了带有散点图的动画中提到的偏移量的答案。参见示例。