Python 如何在Dicts中实现基本搜索

我有一份目录如下：

[
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"Body","age":22},
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"One", "age":23},
    {"name":"Any", "surname":"Body", "age":20}
]

def search(data:dict, **kwargs):
    pass

search(mydict, surname="Body")
[
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"Body","age":22},
    {"name":"Any", "surname":"Body", "age":20}
]

search(mydict, name="Some")
[
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"Body","age":22},
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"One", "age":23}
]

search(mydict, age=23)
[
    {"name":"Any", "surname":"Body", "age":20}
]

我需要一个函数，它可以在dicts上进行搜索，如下所示：

[
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"Body","age":22},
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"One", "age":23},
    {"name":"Any", "surname":"Body", "age":20}
]

def search(data:dict, **kwargs):
    pass

search(mydict, surname="Body")
[
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"Body","age":22},
    {"name":"Any", "surname":"Body", "age":20}
]

search(mydict, name="Some")
[
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"Body","age":22},
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"One", "age":23}
]

search(mydict, age=23)
[
    {"name":"Any", "surname":"Body", "age":20}
]

我怎样才能做到这一点

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环境

• Python 3.5

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这里有一种方法，使用

all

测试包含

kwargs

中确切键值的词典：

lst = [
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"Body","age":22},
    {"name":"Some", "surname":"One", "age":23},
    {"name":"Any", "surname":"Body", "age":20}
]


def search(data:dict, **kwargs):
    return [d for d in data if all(d[k]==v for k, v in kwargs.items())] 

print(search(lst, surname="Body", age=22))
# [{'name': 'Some', 'age': 22, 'surname': 'Body'}]

您可以使用dict的

.get

方法处理缺少的键，然后将sentinel对象作为默认值传递：

def search(data:dict, **kwargs):
    return [d for d in data if all(d.get(k, object())==v for k, v in kwargs.items())]

---

如果您确实想在

搜索中传递键、值对的组合，这可能更有趣…欢迎使用StackOverflow。请阅读并遵循帮助文档中的发布指南。在这里申请。StackOverflow不是设计、编码或教程服务。这就是为什么我使用了
**kwargs
？是的，你的例子并不建议你这样做。我们也猜不出你到底想要什么。最好是尽最大努力说明问题所在。例如，是否希望保留这些键、值对中的任何一个？或者全部？依我看，这可能不是dupe，因为dupe目标中的情况不是多值的。我可能倾向于使用
all（d.get（k，object（））==v…
@juanpa.arrivillaga Nice one。谢谢！