Python django rest框架中的IntegrityError

我正在玩DRF，并制作了一个简单的博客，匿名者可以在博客上发表评论。我现在只是在使用可浏览的API，在我尝试发表评论之前，一切似乎都很好。按预期删除、获取和放置所有工作，仅发布

我得到的错误是/api/posts/I-had-a-blog-his-name-was-bingo/comments/：blog\u comment.blogpost\u id不能为NULL

我已经彻底地寻找了为什么会发生这种情况的答案，但没有任何帮助。这是我的密码

型号.py

class BlogPost(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    owner = models.ForeignKey('auth.User', related_name='posts')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
    content = models.TextField()
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=100, unique=True, editable=False)
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.title)
        super(BlogPost, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
    @permalink
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return ('post-detail', { 'slug': self.slug })
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created',)

class Comment(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    blogpost = models.ForeignKey(BlogPost, related_name='comments')
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=False)
    content = models.TextField()
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created', 'author', 'content')

class CommentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    post = serializers.Field(source='blogpost.title')

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ('id', 'author', 'content', 'post')    


class BlogPostSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    owner = serializers.Field(source='owner.username')
    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='post-detail')
    comments = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='comment-list')

    class Meta:
        model = BlogPost
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'title', 'content', 'owner', 'comments')

class CommentList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)


class CommentDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsAdminOrNoEdit,)

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)

commentpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', views.CommentList.as_view(), name='comment-list'),
    url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.CommentDetail.as_view(), name='comment-detail'),
)


urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
    url(r'^$', 'api_root'),
    url(r'^posts/$', views.PostList.as_view(), name='post-list'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/$', views.PostDetail.as_view(), name='post-detail'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/comments/', include(commentpatterns)),
    url(r'^users/$', views.UserList.as_view(), name='user-list'),
    url(r'^users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.UserDetail.as_view(), name='user-detail'),
)

序列化程序.py

class BlogPost(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    owner = models.ForeignKey('auth.User', related_name='posts')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
    content = models.TextField()
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=100, unique=True, editable=False)
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.title)
        super(BlogPost, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
    @permalink
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return ('post-detail', { 'slug': self.slug })
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created',)

class Comment(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    blogpost = models.ForeignKey(BlogPost, related_name='comments')
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=False)
    content = models.TextField()
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created', 'author', 'content')

class CommentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    post = serializers.Field(source='blogpost.title')

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ('id', 'author', 'content', 'post')    


class BlogPostSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    owner = serializers.Field(source='owner.username')
    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='post-detail')
    comments = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='comment-list')

    class Meta:
        model = BlogPost
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'title', 'content', 'owner', 'comments')

class CommentList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)


class CommentDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsAdminOrNoEdit,)

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)

commentpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', views.CommentList.as_view(), name='comment-list'),
    url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.CommentDetail.as_view(), name='comment-detail'),
)


urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
    url(r'^$', 'api_root'),
    url(r'^posts/$', views.PostList.as_view(), name='post-list'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/$', views.PostDetail.as_view(), name='post-detail'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/comments/', include(commentpatterns)),
    url(r'^users/$', views.UserList.as_view(), name='user-list'),
    url(r'^users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.UserDetail.as_view(), name='user-detail'),
)

视图.py

class BlogPost(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    owner = models.ForeignKey('auth.User', related_name='posts')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
    content = models.TextField()
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=100, unique=True, editable=False)
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.title)
        super(BlogPost, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
    @permalink
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return ('post-detail', { 'slug': self.slug })
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created',)

class Comment(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    blogpost = models.ForeignKey(BlogPost, related_name='comments')
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=False)
    content = models.TextField()
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created', 'author', 'content')

class CommentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    post = serializers.Field(source='blogpost.title')

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ('id', 'author', 'content', 'post')    


class BlogPostSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    owner = serializers.Field(source='owner.username')
    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='post-detail')
    comments = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='comment-list')

    class Meta:
        model = BlogPost
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'title', 'content', 'owner', 'comments')

class CommentList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)


class CommentDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsAdminOrNoEdit,)

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)

commentpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', views.CommentList.as_view(), name='comment-list'),
    url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.CommentDetail.as_view(), name='comment-detail'),
)


urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
    url(r'^$', 'api_root'),
    url(r'^posts/$', views.PostList.as_view(), name='post-list'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/$', views.PostDetail.as_view(), name='post-detail'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/comments/', include(commentpatterns)),
    url(r'^users/$', views.UserList.as_view(), name='user-list'),
    url(r'^users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.UserDetail.as_view(), name='user-detail'),
)

url.py

class BlogPost(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    owner = models.ForeignKey('auth.User', related_name='posts')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
    content = models.TextField()
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=100, unique=True, editable=False)
    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.title)
        super(BlogPost, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
    @permalink
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return ('post-detail', { 'slug': self.slug })
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created',)

class Comment(models.Model):
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    blogpost = models.ForeignKey(BlogPost, related_name='comments')
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=False)
    content = models.TextField()
    class Meta:
        ordering = ('created', 'author', 'content')

class CommentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    post = serializers.Field(source='blogpost.title')

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ('id', 'author', 'content', 'post')    


class BlogPostSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    owner = serializers.Field(source='owner.username')
    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='post-detail')
    comments = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='comment-list')

    class Meta:
        model = BlogPost
        fields = ('url', 'id', 'title', 'content', 'owner', 'comments')

class CommentList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)


class CommentDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    serializer_class = CommentSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsAdminOrNoEdit,)

    def get_queryset(self):
        slug = self.kwargs['slug']
        return Comment.objects.filter(blogpost__slug=slug)

commentpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', views.CommentList.as_view(), name='comment-list'),
    url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.CommentDetail.as_view(), name='comment-detail'),
)


urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
    url(r'^$', 'api_root'),
    url(r'^posts/$', views.PostList.as_view(), name='post-list'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/$', views.PostDetail.as_view(), name='post-detail'),
    url(r'^posts/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/comments/', include(commentpatterns)),
    url(r'^users/$', views.UserList.as_view(), name='user-list'),
    url(r'^users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.UserDetail.as_view(), name='user-detail'),
)

commentpatterns=模式（“”，
url（r'^$'，views.CommentList.as_view（），name='comment-list'），
url（r'^（？P[0-9]+）/$'，views.CommentDetail.as_view（），name='comment-detail'），
)
urlpatterns=patterns（'blog.views'，
url（r'^$'，api_root'），
url（r“^posts/$”，views.PostList.as_view（），name='post-list'），
url（r'^posts/（？P[-\w]+）/$，views.postdail.as_view（），name='post-detail'），
url（r'^posts/（？P[-\w]+）/comments/，包括（commentpatterns）），
url（r“^users/$”，views.UserList.as_view（），name='user-list'），
url（r'^users/（？P[0-9]+）/$，views.UserDetail.as_view（），name='user-detail'），
)

---

任何帮助都将不胜感激，这让我发疯。

您的

注释
模型定义了一个
外键
，它不允许为
null
：

class Comment(models.Model):
    ...
    blogpost = models.ForeignKey(BlogPost, related_name='comments')
    ...

这是可以的，但是您的序列化程序不包含
blogpost
id，因此即使您的请求包含它，它也将被忽略。更正序列化程序以包含
blogpost
字段：

class CommentSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    post = serializers.Field(source='blogpost.title')
    blogpost = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField()

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ('id', 'author', 'content', 'post', 'blogpost')

现在，当您创建一个帖子请求时，
blogpost
字段应该包含您要附加此评论的博客帖子的
id
。
您能告诉我们您在发布什么吗？由于注释必须始终属于模型中的blogpost，因此在创建新注释时必须提供blogpost id。这就是它所抱怨的。我发布了作者和内容，没有选择发送blogpost id。同样，我正在使用可浏览API来测试一切。andrean的回答让我更接近了，但它没有正确设置blogpost id。谢谢！成功了。快速补充问题：在发布评论的表单中，是否有方法使blogpost字段不可编辑？当我在序列化程序中将其设置为read_only=True时，我再次遇到错误。对于post请求，它必须保持可编辑状态，但您可以对不同的请求方法使用不同的序列化程序。例如，您可以创建一个新的
CommentUpdateSerializer
，字段
blogpost
为只读，然后在视图中重写
get\u serializer\u class
方法，检查请求方法，并返回相应的类。对于post请求，使用普通的
CommentSerializer
，对于put和patch请求，使用
CommentUpdateSerializer
类。