Python 如何解决使用Flask在Heroku上部署模型后导致的应用程序错误？

该应用程序在本地计算机上运行良好，但在部署到Heroku后，当我尝试在浏览器中打开应用程序时，会出现应用程序错误。检查了日志文件，自己解决了一些小问题，但我现在不能再进一步了。部署前我所做的工作：

pip安装gunicorn

pip freeze>requirements.txt

创建了procfile，我在里面写了web:gunicorn-app:app

heroku登录

git初始化

heroku git：远程-我的应用程序

git添加

git提交-am“1”

git推送heroku主机

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2020-10-30T21:02:37.970885+00:00应用程序[web.1]：worker.init_进程（）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970885+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py”，第119行，在初始化过程中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970886+00:00应用程序[web.1]：self.load_wsgi（）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970886+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py”，第144行，在load\u wsgi中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970886+00:00应用程序[web.1]：self.wsgi=self.app.wsgi（）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/app/base.py”，wsgi第67行
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00应用程序[web.1]：self.callable=self.load（）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py”，第49行，已加载
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00应用程序[web.1]：返回self.load_wsgiapp（）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970889+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py”，第39行，在load_wsgiapp中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970889+00:00应用程序[web.1]：返回util.import\u应用程序（self.app\u uri）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970890+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/util.py”，第358行，在导入应用程序中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970890+00:00应用程序[网站1]：mod=importlib.import\u模块（模块）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970890+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/\uuuu init\uuuuu.py”，第126行，在导入模块中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970891+00:00应用程序[web.1]：返回引导程序。导入gcd（名称[级别：]，包，级别）
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970892+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第994行，在导入中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970892+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第971行，在“查找”和“加载”中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970892+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第955行，在“查找”和“加载”中解锁
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970893+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第665行，在“加载”中
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970893+00:00应用程序[web.1]：exec_模块中678行的文件“”
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970893+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第219行，在“调用”中删除“帧”
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970894+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/app.py”，第2行，在
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970894+00:00应用程序[web.1]：来自主要导入视图
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970894+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/main/views.py”，第5行，在
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970895+00:00应用程序[web.1]：来自main.utils导入管道模型
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970895+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/main/utils.py”，第6行，在
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970896+00:00应用程序[网站1]：导入cv2
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970897+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/cv2/_init__.py”，第5行
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970897+00:00应用程序[网站1]：来自.cv2导入*
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970905+00:00应用程序[web.1]：导入错误：libGL.so.1:无法打开共享对象文件：没有此类文件或目录
2020-10-30T21:02:37.973156+00:00应用程序[web.1]：[2020-10-30 21:02:37+0000][10][INFO]工人退出（pid:10）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493246+00:00应用程序[web.1]：[2020-10-30 21:02:38+0000][11][错误]工作进程中出现异常
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493257+00:00应用程序[web.1]：回溯（最近一次通话）：
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493259+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py”，第583行，在spawn_worker中
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493259+00:00应用程序[web.1]：worker.init_进程（）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493260+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py”，第119行，在初始化过程中
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493260+00:00应用程序[web.1]：self.load_wsgi（）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493261+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py”，第144行，在load\u wsgi中
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493261+00:00应用程序[web.1]：self.wsgi=self.app.wsgi（）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493262+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/app/base.py”，wsgi第67行
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493262+00:00应用程序[web.1]：self.callable=self.load（）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493263+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py”，第49行，已加载
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493263+00:00应用程序[web.1]：返回self.load_wsgiapp（）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493263+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py”，第39行，在load_wsgiapp中
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493264+00:00应用程序[web.1]：返回util.import\u应用程序（self.app\u uri）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493264+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site packages/gunicorn/util.py”，第358行，在导入应用程序中
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493264+00:00应用程序[网站1]：mod=importlib.import\u模块
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493265+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/\uuuu init\uuuuu.py”，第126行，在导入模块中
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493265+00:00应用程序[web.1]：返回引导。导入（名称[级别：]，包，级别）
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493266+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第994行，输入
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493267+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第971行，在“查找”和“加载”中
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493267+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，第955行，在“查找”和“加载”中解锁
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493267+00:00应用程序[web.1]：文件“”，l
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970885+00:00 app[web.1]: worker.init_process()
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970885+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 119, in init_process
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970886+00:00 app[web.1]: self.load_wsgi()
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970886+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 144, in load_wsgi
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970886+00:00 app[web.1]: self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00 app[web.1]: self.callable = self.load()
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 49, in load
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970888+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.load_wsgiapp()
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970889+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 39, in load_wsgiapp
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970889+00:00 app[web.1]: return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970890+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 358, in import_app
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970890+00:00 app[web.1]: mod = importlib.import_module(module)
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970890+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970891+00:00 app[web.1]: return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970892+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970892+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970892+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970893+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970893+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970893+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970894+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/app.py", line 2, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970894+00:00 app[web.1]: from main import views
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970894+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/main/views.py", line 5, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970895+00:00 app[web.1]: from main.utils import pipeline_model
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970895+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/main/utils.py", line 6, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970896+00:00 app[web.1]: import cv2
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970897+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970897+00:00 app[web.1]: from .cv2 import *
2020-10-30T21:02:37.970905+00:00 app[web.1]: ImportError: libGL.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2020-10-30T21:02:37.973156+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-10-30 21:02:37 +0000] [10] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 10)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493246+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-10-30 21:02:38 +0000] [11] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493257+00:00 app[web.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493259+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 583, in spawn_worker
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493259+00:00 app[web.1]: worker.init_process()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493260+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 119, in init_process
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493260+00:00 app[web.1]: self.load_wsgi()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493261+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 144, in load_wsgi
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493261+00:00 app[web.1]: self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493262+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493262+00:00 app[web.1]: self.callable = self.load()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493263+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 49, in load
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493263+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.load_wsgiapp()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493263+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 39, in load_wsgiapp
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493264+00:00 app[web.1]: return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493264+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 358, in import_app
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493264+00:00 app[web.1]: mod = importlib.import_module(module)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493265+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493265+00:00 app[web.1]: return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493266+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493267+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493267+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493267+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493268+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493268+00:00 app[web.1]: File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493269+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/app.py", line 2, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493269+00:00 app[web.1]: from main import views
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493269+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/main/views.py", line 5, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493270+00:00 app[web.1]: from main.utils import pipeline_model
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493270+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/main/utils.py", line 6, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493271+00:00 app[web.1]: import cv2
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493271+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493272+00:00 app[web.1]: from .cv2 import *
2020-10-30T21:02:38.493280+00:00 app[web.1]: ImportError: libGL.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2020-10-30T21:02:38.494646+00:00 app[web.1]: [2020-10-30 21:02:38 +0000] [11] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 11)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.670078+00:00 app[web.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-10-30T21:02:38.670085+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 209, in run
2020-10-30T21:02:38.670559+00:00 app[web.1]: self.sleep()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.670617+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 357, in sleep
2020-10-30T21:02:38.671121+00:00 app[web.1]: ready = select.select([self.PIPE[0]], [], [], 1.0)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.671176+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 242, in handle_chld
2020-10-30T21:02:38.671571+00:00 app[web.1]: self.reap_workers()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.671632+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 525, in reap_workers
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672179+00:00 app[web.1]: raise HaltServer(reason, self.WORKER_BOOT_ERROR)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672283+00:00 app[web.1]: gunicorn.errors.HaltServer: <HaltServer 'Worker failed to boot.' 3>
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672324+00:00 app[web.1]:
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672325+00:00 app[web.1]: During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672325+00:00 app[web.1]:
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672407+00:00 app[web.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672450+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/bin/gunicorn", line 8, in <module>
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672772+00:00 app[web.1]: sys.exit(run())
2020-10-30T21:02:38.672828+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 58, in run
2020-10-30T21:02:38.673110+00:00 app[web.1]: WSGIApplication("%(prog)s [OPTIONS] [APP_MODULE]").run()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.673183+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 228, in run
2020-10-30T21:02:38.673593+00:00 app[web.1]: super().run()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.673651+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 72, in run
2020-10-30T21:02:38.673950+00:00 app[web.1]: Arbiter(self).run()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.674006+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 229, in run
2020-10-30T21:02:38.674395+00:00 app[web.1]: self.halt(reason=inst.reason, exit_status=inst.exit_status)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.674451+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 342, in halt
2020-10-30T21:02:38.674927+00:00 app[web.1]: self.stop()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.674986+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 393, in stop
2020-10-30T21:02:38.675477+00:00 app[web.1]: time.sleep(0.1)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.675534+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 242, in handle_chld
2020-10-30T21:02:38.675933+00:00 app[web.1]: self.reap_workers()
2020-10-30T21:02:38.675990+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 525, in reap_workers
2020-10-30T21:02:38.676549+00:00 app[web.1]: raise HaltServer(reason, self.WORKER_BOOT_ERROR)
2020-10-30T21:02:38.676613+00:00 app[web.1]: gunicorn.errors.HaltServer: <HaltServer 'Worker failed to boot.' 3>
2020-10-30T21:02:38.760092+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1
2020-10-30T21:02:38.805325+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to crashed
2020-10-30T21:03:14.847423+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=face-1907.herokuapp.com request_id=9cc9542b-0ea0-481c-b2bd-29b1cc407769 fwd="88.252.193.107" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https