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C# 整数[,]的数独求解算法_C#_Multidimensional Array_Int_Sudoku_Solver - Fatal编程技术网

C# 整数[,]的数独求解算法

C# 整数[,]的数独求解算法,c#,multidimensional-array,int,sudoku,solver,C#,Multidimensional Array,Int,Sudoku,Solver,大家好 我一直在开发一个C#数独解算器应用程序,但我真诚地低估了求解数独的算法的难度。我一直在网上搜索我可以实现的算法,但我没有找到一个简单的算法,我可以让我的头脑 我发现了一个可能在我的应用程序中工作的算法,但是这个人正在使用一个一维数组来计算它。 我试图改变它,使其与多维数组一起工作,但无法使其正常工作 有谁能给我一些建议,或者告诉我如何修改代码,使其与多维数组(int[,])一起工作?我自己似乎找不到。代码可在此处找到: 如果你有另一个算法可以处理int[,],那当然也很好 我已经找了很长

大家好

我一直在开发一个C#数独解算器应用程序,但我真诚地低估了求解数独的算法的难度。我一直在网上搜索我可以实现的算法,但我没有找到一个简单的算法,我可以让我的头脑

我发现了一个可能在我的应用程序中工作的算法,但是这个人正在使用一个一维数组来计算它。 我试图改变它,使其与多维数组一起工作,但无法使其正常工作

有谁能给我一些建议,或者告诉我如何修改代码,使其与多维数组(int[,])一起工作?我自己似乎找不到。代码可在此处找到:

如果你有另一个算法可以处理int[,],那当然也很好

我已经找了很长时间了,非常感谢您的帮助。
提前谢谢

您链接的代码在逻辑上已经使用了2D数组,它只使用1D数组作为支持。更改此项:

private int[] vals = new int[81];
public int this[int row, int column]
{
    get { return vals[FindIndex(row, column)]; }
    set
    {
        vals[FindIndex(row, column)] = value;
    }
}

private int FindIndex(int row, int column)
{
    return (((column - 1) * 9) + row - 1);
}
致:


(当前代码的其余部分需要
-1
,因为
行和
列从1开始,而不是从0开始。)

递归回溯、暴力、算法

public class SudokoSolver
{
    private readonly Grid _grid;

    public SudokoSolver(Grid grid)
    {
        _grid = grid;
        _grid.Validate();
    }

    public int?[,] SolvePuzzle()
    {
        Solve();
        Console.WriteLine(_grid.Assigns + " tries total.");
        return _grid.Data;
    }

    private bool Solve()
    {
        int row, col;
        if (!_grid.FindUnassignedLoc(out row, out col))
        {
            return true;
        }

        for (int num = 1; num <= 9; num++)
        {
            if (_grid.NoConflicts(row, col, num))
            {
                _grid.Assign(row, col, num);

                if (Solve())
                {
                    return true;
                }
                _grid.Unassign(row, col);
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    public int?[,] Data
    {
        get { return _grid.Data; }
    }
}

public class Grid
{
    public int?[,] Data { get; private set; }
    private int _curC = 0;
    private int _curR = 0;
    private int _assigns = 0;

    public Grid(int?[,] data)
    {
        Data = data ?? new int?[9,9];
    }
    public bool FindUnassignedLoc(out int row, out int col)
    {
        while (Data[_curR, _curC].HasValue)
        {
            _curC++;

            if (_curC == 9)
            {
                _curR++;
                _curC = 0;
            }

            if (_curR == 9)
            {
                row = -1;
                col = -1;
                return false;
            }
        }

        row = _curR;
        col = _curC;

        return true;
    }

    public bool NoConflicts(int row, int col, int num)
    {
        for (int r = 0; r < 9; ++r)
        {
            if (Data[r, col] == num)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        for (int c = 0; c < 9; c++)
        {
            if (Data[row, c] == num)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        int fromC = 3 * (col/3);
        int fromR = 3 * (row / 3);

        for (int c = fromC; c < fromC + 3; c++)
        {
            for (int r = fromR; r < fromR + 3; r++)
            {
                if (Data[r, c] == num)
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    public void Assign(int row, int col, int num)
    {
        _assigns++;
        Data[row, col] = num;
    }

    public void Unassign(int row, int col)
    {
        Data[row, col] = null;
        _curC = col;
        _curR = row;
    }

    public int Assigns
    {
        get { return _assigns; }
    }

    public void Validate()
    {
        if (Data.Length != 81)
        {
            throw new Exception("Invalid dimentions!");
        }

        if (!IsLegal())
        {
            throw new Exception("Illigal numbers populated!");
        }
    }

    public bool IsLegal()
    {
        var container = new HashSet<int>();
        //vertical check 
        for (int c = 0; c < 9; ++c)
        {
            container.Clear();
            for (int r = 0; r < 9; ++r)
            {
                if (Data[r, c].HasValue)  
                {
                    if (container.Contains(Data[r, c].Value))
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                    container.Add(Data[r, c].Value);
                }
            }
        }
        // horizontal check
        for (int r = 0; r < 9; ++r)
        {
            container.Clear();
            for (int c = 0; c < 9; ++c)
            {
                if (Data[r, c].HasValue)
                {
                    if (container.Contains(Data[r, c].Value))
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                    container.Add(Data[r, c].Value);
                }
            }
        }

        // square check
        var topLeftCorners = new List<Tuple<int, int>>
        {
            new Tuple<int, int>(0,0),
            new Tuple<int, int>(0,3),
            new Tuple<int, int>(0,6),
            new Tuple<int, int>(3,0),
            new Tuple<int, int>(3,3),
            new Tuple<int, int>(3,6),
            new Tuple<int, int>(6,0),
            new Tuple<int, int>(6,3),
            new Tuple<int, int>(6,6)
        };

        foreach (var topLeftCorner in topLeftCorners)
        {
            int fromC = topLeftCorner.Item2;
            int fromR = topLeftCorner.Item1;

            container.Clear();

            for (int c = fromC; c < fromC + 3; c++)
            {
                for (int r = fromR; r < fromR + 3; r++)
                {
                    if (Data[r, c].HasValue)
                    {
                        if (container.Contains(Data[r, c].Value))
                        {
                            return false;
                        }
                        container.Add(Data[r, c].Value);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return true;
    }
}
公共级SudokoSolver
{
专用只读网格_网格;
公共SudokoSolver(网格)
{
_网格=网格;
_grid.Validate();
}
公共整数?[,]SolvePuzzle()
{
Solve();
Console.WriteLine(_grid.Assigns+“trys total”);
返回_grid.Data;
}
私有布尔解算()
{
int row,col;
如果(!\u网格findunsignedloc(行外、列外))
{
返回true;
}

对于(int num=1;num然后编写一个方法,将2d数组更改为1d,并使用该代码。解数独的算法?我所做的只是教我的计算机数独规则,然后使用蛮力,哈哈。是的,但我还不够聪明,无法创建这样的东西。你看,我是一个相当初级的程序员:).我甚至在努力用Tim的想法实现我想要的。你应该阅读我关于C#的简单图形着色算法的系列文章。系列的最后一集对你特别感兴趣,但从一开始就开始。你是对的,它实际上使用了一个逻辑2D数组。我将尝试你的方法,谢谢你的帮助!请e解释你问题的细节。强力算法,带回溯。从(0,0)->(0,1)->(0,2)开始分配,直到全部填满。如果在某一点上,选项用尽,回溯到上一个分配,等等。。
public class SudokoSolver
{
    private readonly Grid _grid;

    public SudokoSolver(Grid grid)
    {
        _grid = grid;
        _grid.Validate();
    }

    public int?[,] SolvePuzzle()
    {
        Solve();
        Console.WriteLine(_grid.Assigns + " tries total.");
        return _grid.Data;
    }

    private bool Solve()
    {
        int row, col;
        if (!_grid.FindUnassignedLoc(out row, out col))
        {
            return true;
        }

        for (int num = 1; num <= 9; num++)
        {
            if (_grid.NoConflicts(row, col, num))
            {
                _grid.Assign(row, col, num);

                if (Solve())
                {
                    return true;
                }
                _grid.Unassign(row, col);
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    public int?[,] Data
    {
        get { return _grid.Data; }
    }
}

public class Grid
{
    public int?[,] Data { get; private set; }
    private int _curC = 0;
    private int _curR = 0;
    private int _assigns = 0;

    public Grid(int?[,] data)
    {
        Data = data ?? new int?[9,9];
    }
    public bool FindUnassignedLoc(out int row, out int col)
    {
        while (Data[_curR, _curC].HasValue)
        {
            _curC++;

            if (_curC == 9)
            {
                _curR++;
                _curC = 0;
            }

            if (_curR == 9)
            {
                row = -1;
                col = -1;
                return false;
            }
        }

        row = _curR;
        col = _curC;

        return true;
    }

    public bool NoConflicts(int row, int col, int num)
    {
        for (int r = 0; r < 9; ++r)
        {
            if (Data[r, col] == num)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        for (int c = 0; c < 9; c++)
        {
            if (Data[row, c] == num)
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        int fromC = 3 * (col/3);
        int fromR = 3 * (row / 3);

        for (int c = fromC; c < fromC + 3; c++)
        {
            for (int r = fromR; r < fromR + 3; r++)
            {
                if (Data[r, c] == num)
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    public void Assign(int row, int col, int num)
    {
        _assigns++;
        Data[row, col] = num;
    }

    public void Unassign(int row, int col)
    {
        Data[row, col] = null;
        _curC = col;
        _curR = row;
    }

    public int Assigns
    {
        get { return _assigns; }
    }

    public void Validate()
    {
        if (Data.Length != 81)
        {
            throw new Exception("Invalid dimentions!");
        }

        if (!IsLegal())
        {
            throw new Exception("Illigal numbers populated!");
        }
    }

    public bool IsLegal()
    {
        var container = new HashSet<int>();
        //vertical check 
        for (int c = 0; c < 9; ++c)
        {
            container.Clear();
            for (int r = 0; r < 9; ++r)
            {
                if (Data[r, c].HasValue)  
                {
                    if (container.Contains(Data[r, c].Value))
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                    container.Add(Data[r, c].Value);
                }
            }
        }
        // horizontal check
        for (int r = 0; r < 9; ++r)
        {
            container.Clear();
            for (int c = 0; c < 9; ++c)
            {
                if (Data[r, c].HasValue)
                {
                    if (container.Contains(Data[r, c].Value))
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                    container.Add(Data[r, c].Value);
                }
            }
        }

        // square check
        var topLeftCorners = new List<Tuple<int, int>>
        {
            new Tuple<int, int>(0,0),
            new Tuple<int, int>(0,3),
            new Tuple<int, int>(0,6),
            new Tuple<int, int>(3,0),
            new Tuple<int, int>(3,3),
            new Tuple<int, int>(3,6),
            new Tuple<int, int>(6,0),
            new Tuple<int, int>(6,3),
            new Tuple<int, int>(6,6)
        };

        foreach (var topLeftCorner in topLeftCorners)
        {
            int fromC = topLeftCorner.Item2;
            int fromR = topLeftCorner.Item1;

            container.Clear();

            for (int c = fromC; c < fromC + 3; c++)
            {
                for (int r = fromR; r < fromR + 3; r++)
                {
                    if (Data[r, c].HasValue)
                    {
                        if (container.Contains(Data[r, c].Value))
                        {
                            return false;
                        }
                        container.Add(Data[r, c].Value);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return true;
    }
}