Multithreading 在std:：线程（非std:：async）的std:：packaged_任务中使用成员函数

我试图从std:：thread获得std:：future，似乎唯一的方法（？）是使用std:：packaged_任务。另外，我想在std:：thread中调用的函数是一个类成员函数。我可以找到这个线程，但是他们使用std:：async而不是std:：thread。我试着根据那篇文章编译一些东西，但当我试着在这里编译这段代码时：

#include <iostream>
#include <future>
#include <thread>

class test
{
    int fthread(int b)
    {
        return a + b;
    }

    int a;
public:
    test(int a_) : a(a_) {}

    int run(int b)
    {
        std::packaged_task<int(int)>
            task(std::bind(&test::fthread, this));

        //std::thread a(std::move(std::ref(task)), 5, 1);
        std::thread th(std::move(std::ref(task)), b);//<--Edit typo...

        std::future<int> fut = task.get_future();

        return fut.get();
    }
};

int main()
{
    int a = 5, b = 1;
    test t(a);

    int c = t.run(b);

    if (c != (a+b))
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

#包括
#包括
#包括
课堂测试
{
intfthread（intb）
{
返回a+b；
}
INTA；
公众：
测试（inta_uu）：a（a_u）{
int运行（int b）
{
打包任务
任务（std:：bind（&test:：fthread，this））；
//std:：线程a（std:：move（std:：ref（task）），5,1）；
std:：thread th（std:：move（std:：ref（task）），b）；/C:\MesProgs\Microsoft visualstudio 12.0\VC\include\functional（1137）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“int std:：_Bind:：_Do_call（std:：tuple，std:_Arg_idx）”
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ty=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（1137）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“int std:：_Bind:：_Do_call（std:：tuple，std:_Arg_idx）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ty=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xrefwrap（283）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“int std:：_Bind:：operator（）（_Ty&&）”
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ty=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xrefwrap（283）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“int std:：_Bind:：operator（）（_Ty&&）”
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ty=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（228）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化参考“\u Ret std:：\u Callable\u obj:：\u ApplyX（\u Ty&&）”
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Rx=int
1> ，_Ty=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（228）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化参考“\u Ret std:：\u Callable\u obj:：\u ApplyX（\u Ty&&）”
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Rx=int
1> ，_Ty=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（226）：编译类模板成员函数“int std:：_Func\u impl:：_Do_call（int&）”时
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Alloc=std:：分配器
1> ，_Ret=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（495）：请参阅正在编译的类模板实例化“std:：_Func_impl”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Alloc=std:：分配器
1> ，_Ret=int
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（396）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“void std:：_Func_class:：_Do_alloc（_Fty&&，_alloc）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Alloc=std:：分配器
1> ，_Fty=std:：_Bind
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（396）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“void std:：_Func_class:：_Do_alloc（_Fty&&，_alloc）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Alloc=std:：分配器
1> ，_Fty=std:：_Bind
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（385）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“void std:：_Func_class:：_Reset_alloc（_Fty&&，_alloc）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Fty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Alloc=std:：分配器
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（385）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“void std:：_Func_class:：_Reset_alloc（_Fty&&，_alloc）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Fty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Alloc=std:：分配器
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（671）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“void std:：_Func_class:：_Reset（_Fty&&）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Fty=std:：_Bind
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional（671）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“void std:：_Func_class:：_Reset（_Fty&&）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Fty=std:：_Bind
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\future（588）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“std:：function:：function（_Fx&&）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Fx=std:：_Bind
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\future（588）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“std:：function:：function（_Fx&&）”的参考
1> 与
1>          [
1> _Ret=int
1> ，_Ty=std:：_Bind
1> ，_Fx=std:：_Bind
1>          ]
1> C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\future（1742）：请参阅正在编译的函数模板实例化“std:：_packated_state:：_packated_state（_Fty2&&）”
1> wi
error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function taking 1 arguments
class does not define an 'operator()' or a user defined conversion operator to a pointer-to-function or reference-to-function that takes appropriate number of arguments

1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(1137) : see reference to function template instantiation 'int std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >::_Do_call<_Ty,0x00>(std::tuple<_Ty &>,std::_Arg_idx<0x00>)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ty=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(1137) : see reference to function template instantiation 'int std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >::_Do_call<_Ty,0x00>(std::tuple<_Ty &>,std::_Arg_idx<0x00>)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ty=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xrefwrap(283) : see reference to function template instantiation 'int std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >::operator ()<_Ty>(_Ty &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ty=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\xrefwrap(283) : see reference to function template instantiation 'int std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >::operator ()<_Ty>(_Ty &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ty=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(228) : see reference to function template instantiation '_Ret std::_Callable_obj<std::_Bind<true,_Ret,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >,false>::_ApplyX<_Rx,_Ty>(_Ty &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Rx=int
1>  ,            _Ty=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(228) : see reference to function template instantiation '_Ret std::_Callable_obj<std::_Bind<true,_Ret,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >,false>::_ApplyX<_Rx,_Ty>(_Ty &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Rx=int
1>  ,            _Ty=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(226) : while compiling class template member function 'int std::_Func_impl<_MyWrapper,_Alloc,_Ret,int>::_Do_call(int &&)'
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Alloc=std::allocator<std::_Func_class<int,int>>
1>  ,            _Ret=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(495) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::_Func_impl<_MyWrapper,_Alloc,_Ret,int>' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Alloc=std::allocator<std::_Func_class<int,int>>
1>  ,            _Ret=int
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(396) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>::_Do_alloc<_Myimpl,_Ty,_Alloc>(_Fty &&,_Alloc)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Alloc=std::allocator<std::_Func_class<int,int>>
1>  ,            _Fty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(396) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>::_Do_alloc<_Myimpl,_Ty,_Alloc>(_Fty &&,_Alloc)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Alloc=std::allocator<std::_Func_class<int,int>>
1>  ,            _Fty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(385) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>::_Reset_alloc<_Ty,std::allocator<std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>>>(_Fty &&,_Alloc)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Alloc=std::allocator<std::_Func_class<int,int>>
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(385) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>::_Reset_alloc<_Ty,std::allocator<std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>>>(_Fty &&,_Alloc)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Alloc=std::allocator<std::_Func_class<int,int>>
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(671) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>::_Reset<_Ty>(_Fty &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\functional(671) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void std::_Func_class<_Ret,int>::_Reset<_Ty>(_Fty &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\future(588) : see reference to function template instantiation 'std::function<_Ret (int)>::function<_Ty>(_Fx &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fx=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\future(588) : see reference to function template instantiation 'std::function<_Ret (int)>::function<_Ty>(_Fx &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fx=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\future(1742) : see reference to function template instantiation 'std::_Packaged_state<_Ret (int)>::_Packaged_state<_Ty>(_Fty2 &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fty2=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          C:\MesProgs\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include\future(1744) : see reference to function template instantiation 'std::_Packaged_state<_Ret (int)>::_Packaged_state<_Ty>(_Fty2 &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Ret=int
1>  ,            _Ty=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>  ,            _Fty2=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          main.cpp(51) : see reference to function template instantiation 'std::packaged_task<int (int)>::packaged_task<std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >>(_Fty2 &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Fty2=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]
1>          main.cpp(51) : see reference to function template instantiation 'std::packaged_task<int (int)>::packaged_task<std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >>(_Fty2 &&)' being compiled
1>          with
1>          [
1>              _Fty2=std::_Bind<true,int,std::_Pmf_wrap<int (__cdecl test::* )(int),int,test,int>,test *const >
1>          ]

int run(int b)
{
    std::packaged_task<int(int)>
            task(std::bind(&test::fthread, this, std::placeholders::_1));
    std::future<int> fut = task.get_future();

    std::thread(std::move(task), b).join();

    return fut.get();
}

int run(int b)
{
    return std::async(std::launch::async, [this,b]{ return fthread(b); }).get();
}