Hibernate 尝试设置Tomcat和JDBC连接池：通信链路故障

来自tomcat窗口的完整错误消息：

[localhost-startStop-1] ERROR org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator - HHH000342: Could not obtain connection to query metadata: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Communications link failure)

基本上，每次我启动tomcat时，它都会在远程linux服务器上（在我必须VPN接入的专用网络上）尝试与我的mysql数据库建立jdbc连接时出现通信链路故障，我不知道为什么

有谁能告诉我为什么会出现这个错误，以及我如何着手解决它。一如既往，感谢您的时间和帮助

已采取的步骤

。将MySQL配置为允许远程连接到数据库。我尝试将my.cnf中的绑定地址设置为0.0.0.0，并将数据库所在服务器的IP设置为0.0.0.0，但在这两种情况下都会出现相同的错误。我添加了一个新用户，并使用GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES命令授予该用户从127.0.0.1和数据库所在服务器的IP远程访问数据库的权限

。尝试完全禁用我的防火墙，但没有效果

。在本地计算机上的intellij中，我尝试使用持久性菜单中的设置用户和密码与数据库建立JDBC连接。当我已经接入专用网络，并且能够很好地查看数据库时，这种方法就可以工作了

。使用我的tomcat文件夹中的此资源标记更新了server.xml：

<Resource name="jdbc/mydb"
      global="jdbc/mydb"
      auth="Container"
      type="javax.sql.DataSource"
      driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
      url="jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of the database server):3306/DBname"
      username="user"
      password="password"
      maxActive="10"
      maxIdle="10"
      minIdle="5"
      maxWait="10000"/>

。使用以下资源链接更新了tomcat文件夹中的context.xml文件：

<ResourceLink name="jdbc/mydb" 
       global="jdbc/mydb"
       auth="Container"
       type="javax.sql.DataSource" />

。更新了我的hibernate.cfg.xml文件，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

    <!-- For Database Access -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname</property>
    <property name="connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/mydb</property>
    <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

    <!-- List of XML mapping files -->
    <mapping resource="db-full.hbm.xml"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo1"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo2"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo3"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo4"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo5"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo6"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo7"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

    <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
                 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="springmvc.controllers, data.service, data.DAO" />

    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="resources" />

    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname" />
        <beans:property name="username" value="user" />
        <beans:property name="password" value="password" />
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="sessionFactory"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <beans:property name="configLocation" value="WEB-INF/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml" />
    </beans:bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven />
    <beans:bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd
     http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-common_3_1.xsd"
     version="3.1">

<display-name>Web Application</display-name>


<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>WEB-INF/resources/application-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>WEB-INF/springDispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- RESOURCE REF (TRIED RUNNING WITH AND WITHOUT) -->
<!--<resource-ref>-->
    <!--<description>Connection Pool</description>-->
    <!--<res-ref-name>jdbc/mydb</res-ref-name>-->
    <!--<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>-->
    <!--<res-auth>Container</res-auth>-->
<!--</resource-ref>-->

</web-app>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.project.procect-name</groupId>
    <artifactId>ProjectName</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <org.springframework.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.49</mysql.connector.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.50</mysql.connector.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- JDBC Driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.35</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
            <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- HSQL Database -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
            <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>20160810</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Jackson To Convert java to JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Application View -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache Commons DBCP (Connection Pooling) -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Log4J -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>ROOT</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>2.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <webXml>src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\web.xml</webXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

org.hibernate.dialogue.mysqldialogue
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc:mysql://（数据库服务器的IP地址）：3306/DBname
java:comp/env/jdbc/mydb
线

。更新了mydispatcher servlet.xml，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

    <!-- For Database Access -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname</property>
    <property name="connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/mydb</property>
    <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

    <!-- List of XML mapping files -->
    <mapping resource="db-full.hbm.xml"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo1"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo2"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo3"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo4"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo5"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo6"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo7"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

    <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
                 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="springmvc.controllers, data.service, data.DAO" />

    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="resources" />

    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname" />
        <beans:property name="username" value="user" />
        <beans:property name="password" value="password" />
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="sessionFactory"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <beans:property name="configLocation" value="WEB-INF/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml" />
    </beans:bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven />
    <beans:bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd
     http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-common_3_1.xsd"
     version="3.1">

<display-name>Web Application</display-name>


<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>WEB-INF/resources/application-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>WEB-INF/springDispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- RESOURCE REF (TRIED RUNNING WITH AND WITHOUT) -->
<!--<resource-ref>-->
    <!--<description>Connection Pool</description>-->
    <!--<res-ref-name>jdbc/mydb</res-ref-name>-->
    <!--<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>-->
    <!--<res-auth>Container</res-auth>-->
<!--</resource-ref>-->

</web-app>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.project.procect-name</groupId>
    <artifactId>ProjectName</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <org.springframework.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.49</mysql.connector.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.50</mysql.connector.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- JDBC Driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.35</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
            <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- HSQL Database -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
            <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>20160810</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Jackson To Convert java to JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Application View -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache Commons DBCP (Connection Pooling) -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Log4J -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>ROOT</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>2.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <webXml>src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\web.xml</webXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

。更新了myweb.xml，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

    <!-- For Database Access -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname</property>
    <property name="connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/mydb</property>
    <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

    <!-- List of XML mapping files -->
    <mapping resource="db-full.hbm.xml"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo1"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo2"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo3"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo4"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo5"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo6"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo7"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

    <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
                 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="springmvc.controllers, data.service, data.DAO" />

    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="resources" />

    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname" />
        <beans:property name="username" value="user" />
        <beans:property name="password" value="password" />
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="sessionFactory"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <beans:property name="configLocation" value="WEB-INF/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml" />
    </beans:bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven />
    <beans:bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd
     http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-common_3_1.xsd"
     version="3.1">

<display-name>Web Application</display-name>


<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>WEB-INF/resources/application-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>WEB-INF/springDispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- RESOURCE REF (TRIED RUNNING WITH AND WITHOUT) -->
<!--<resource-ref>-->
    <!--<description>Connection Pool</description>-->
    <!--<res-ref-name>jdbc/mydb</res-ref-name>-->
    <!--<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>-->
    <!--<res-auth>Container</res-auth>-->
<!--</resource-ref>-->

</web-app>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.project.procect-name</groupId>
    <artifactId>ProjectName</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <org.springframework.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.49</mysql.connector.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.50</mysql.connector.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- JDBC Driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.35</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
            <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- HSQL Database -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
            <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>20160810</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Jackson To Convert java to JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Application View -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache Commons DBCP (Connection Pooling) -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Log4J -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>ROOT</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>2.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <webXml>src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\web.xml</webXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

Web应用程序
上下文配置位置
WEB-INF/resources/application-context.xml
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
springDispatcherServlet
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
上下文配置位置
WEB-INF/springDispatcher-servlet.xml
1.
springDispatcherServlet
/

。更新了pom.xml，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

    <!-- For Database Access -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname</property>
    <property name="connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/mydb</property>
    <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

    <!-- List of XML mapping files -->
    <mapping resource="db-full.hbm.xml"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo1"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo2"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo3"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo4"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo5"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo6"/>
    <mapping class="POJOs.Pojo7"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

    <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
                 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
                 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="springmvc.controllers, data.service, data.DAO" />

    <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="resources" />

    <beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://(IP-address of database server):3306/DBname" />
        <beans:property name="username" value="user" />
        <beans:property name="password" value="password" />
    </beans:bean>

    <beans:bean id="sessionFactory"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <beans:property name="configLocation" value="WEB-INF/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml" />
    </beans:bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven />
    <beans:bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd
     http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-common_3_1.xsd"
     version="3.1">

<display-name>Web Application</display-name>


<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>WEB-INF/resources/application-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>WEB-INF/springDispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- RESOURCE REF (TRIED RUNNING WITH AND WITHOUT) -->
<!--<resource-ref>-->
    <!--<description>Connection Pool</description>-->
    <!--<res-ref-name>jdbc/mydb</res-ref-name>-->
    <!--<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>-->
    <!--<res-auth>Container</res-auth>-->
<!--</resource-ref>-->

</web-app>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.project.procect-name</groupId>
    <artifactId>ProjectName</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <org.springframework.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.49</mysql.connector.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <mysql.connector.version>5.5.50</mysql.connector.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- JDBC Driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.35</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.10.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
            <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- HSQL Database -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
            <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>20160810</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Jackson To Convert java to JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Application View -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache Commons DBCP (Connection Pooling) -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Log4J -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>ROOT</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                <version>2.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <webXml>src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\web.xml</webXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

4.0.0
com.project.procect-name
项目名称
战争
1.0-快照
Maven Webapp
http://maven.apache.org
4.3.2.1发布
5.2.1.最终版本
5.5.49
5.2.1.最终版本
5.5.50
mysql
mysql连接器java
5.1.35
朱尼特
朱尼特
3.8.1
测试
javax.servlet
javax.servlet-api
3.1.0
假如
org.springframework
spring上下文
${org.springframework.version}
org.springframework
SpringWebMVC
${org.springframework.version}
org.springframework
德克萨斯州春季
${org.springframework.version}
org.springframework
春季甲虫
${org.springframework.version}
org.springframework.data
spring数据jpa
1.10.2.1发布
org.hibernate
冬眠核心
5.1.1.最终版本
org.hibernate.javax.persistence
hibernate-jpa-2.0-api
1.0.1.最终版本
org.hibernate
休眠实体管理器
5.1.1.最终版本
javax.transaction
jta
1.1
org.hsqldb
hsqldb
2.3.2
org.json
json
20160810
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
杰克逊数据绑定
2.8.1
jstl
jstl
1.2
org.apache.commons
commons-dbcp2
2
log4j
log4j
1.2.17
根
org.apache.maven.plugins
maven编译器插件
2.5.1
1.8
1.8
org.apache.maven.plugins
maven战争插件
src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\WEB.xml

如果使用以下属性，则无需声明

JNDI

变量

hibernate.connection.url
hibernate.connection.username
hibernate.connection.password
hibernate.connection.driver_class

例子： 然后在hibernate文件中，可以将数据源指定为

java:comp/env/datasource

由于已经指定了数据源本身，因此可以跳过

hibernate.connection.url

属性

---

请参阅以获取参考。

对于任何想知道的人，我无法连接的原因是因为我必须使用VPN接入的专用网络只允许某些端口访问数据库

---

在我的例子中，默认的MySQL端口3306在该网络上被阻塞，必须更改为允许的端口之一。

因此，如果我理解正确，如果使用上述四个变量，则不需要使用JNDI资源。是否所有这些都需要在hibernate.cfg.xml中设置？或者在dispatcher中的hibernate数据源bean中指定它们就足够了吗