Python APT命令行界面,如是/否输入?

Python APT命令行界面,如是/否输入?,python,Python,有没有什么捷径可以实现APT(高级包工具)命令行界面在Python中的功能 我的意思是,当包管理器提示一个yes/no问题,后跟[yes/no],脚本接受yes/Y/yes/Y或输入(默认为yes,大写字母表示) 我在官方文件中找到的唯一东西是输入和原始输入 我知道模仿并不难,但重写起来很烦人:|正如你提到的,最简单的方法是使用raw\u input()(或者简单地说是input())。没有内置的方法可以做到这一点。发件人: 导入系统 def查询是否(问题,默认为“是”): “”“通过原始输入(

有没有什么捷径可以实现APT(高级包工具)命令行界面在Python中的功能

我的意思是,当包管理器提示一个yes/no问题,后跟
[yes/no]
,脚本接受
yes/Y/yes/Y
或输入(默认为
yes
,大写字母表示)

我在官方文件中找到的唯一东西是
输入
原始输入


我知道模仿并不难,但重写起来很烦人:|

正如你提到的,最简单的方法是使用
raw\u input()
(或者简单地说是
input()
)。没有内置的方法可以做到这一点。发件人:

导入系统 def查询是否(问题,默认为“是”): “”“通过原始输入()询问是/否问题并返回他们的答案。 “问题”是呈现给用户的字符串。 “默认”是假定的答案,如果用户刚刚点击。 它必须是“是”(默认值)、“否”或“无”(表示 需要用户提供答案)。 “回答”返回值对于“是”为True,对于“否”为False。 """ valid={“yes”:True,“y”:True,“ye”:True,“no”:False,“n”:False} 如果默认值为无: prompt=“[y/n]” elif default==“是”: prompt=“[Y/n]” elif默认值==“否”: prompt=“[y/N]” 其他: raise VALUERROR(“无效的默认答案:“%s]”%default) 尽管如此: 系统标准输出写入(问题+提示) 选项=输入() 如果默认值不是None且选项==“”: 返回有效[默认值] elif选择有效: 返回有效[选择] 其他: sys.stdout.write(“请回答‘是’或‘否’”(或‘是’或‘n’)。\n) (对于Python 2,使用
raw_input
而不是
input
) 用法示例:

>>> query_yes_no("Is cabbage yummier than cauliflower?")
Is cabbage yummier than cauliflower? [Y/n] oops
Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' (or 'y' or 'n').
Is cabbage yummier than cauliflower? [Y/n] [ENTER]
>>> True

>>> query_yes_no("Is cabbage yummier than cauliflower?", None)
Is cabbage yummier than cauliflower? [y/n] [ENTER]
Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' (or 'y' or 'n').
Is cabbage yummier than cauliflower? [y/n] y
>>> True
我会这样做:

# raw_input returns the empty string for "enter"
yes = {'yes','y', 'ye', ''}
no = {'no','n'}

choice = raw_input().lower()
if choice in yes:
   return True
elif choice in no:
   return False
else:
   sys.stdout.write("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no'")
对于单个选择,一种非常简单(但不是非常复杂)的方法是:

msg = 'Shall I?'
shall = input("%s (y/N) " % msg).lower() == 'y'
您还可以围绕以下内容编写一个简单(稍加改进)的函数:

def yn_choice(message, default='y'):
    choices = 'Y/n' if default.lower() in ('y', 'yes') else 'y/N'
    choice = input("%s (%s) " % (message, choices))
    values = ('y', 'yes', '') if choices == 'Y/n' else ('y', 'yes')
    return choice.strip().lower() in values

注意:在Python 2上,使用
raw\u input
而不是
input
Python的标准库中有一个函数
strtobool

您可以使用它来检查用户的输入,并将其转换为
True
False
值。

如何:

def yes(prompt = 'Please enter Yes/No: '):
while True:
    try:
        i = raw_input(prompt)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        return False
    if i.lower() in ('yes','y'): return True
    elif i.lower() in ('no','n'): return False

您可以尝试下面的代码,以便能够使用此处显示的变量“accepted”中的选项:

print( 'accepted: {}'.format(accepted) )
# accepted: {'yes': ['', 'Yes', 'yes', 'YES', 'y', 'Y'], 'no': ['No', 'no', 'NO', 'n', 'N']}
这是密码

#!/usr/bin/python3

def makeChoi(yeh, neh):
    accept = {}
    # for w in words:
    accept['yes'] = [ '', yeh, yeh.lower(), yeh.upper(), yeh.lower()[0], yeh.upper()[0] ]
    accept['no'] = [ neh, neh.lower(), neh.upper(), neh.lower()[0], neh.upper()[0] ]
    return accept

accepted = makeChoi('Yes', 'No')

def doYeh():
    print('Yeh! Let\'s do it.')

def doNeh():
    print('Neh! Let\'s not do it.')

choi = None
while not choi:
    choi = input( 'Please choose: Y/n? ' )
    if choi in accepted['yes']:
        choi = True
        doYeh()
    elif choi in accepted['no']:
        choi = True
        doNeh()
    else:
        print('Your choice was "{}". Please use an accepted input value ..'.format(choi))
        print( accepted )
        choi = None

正如@Alexander Artemenko所提到的,这里有一个使用strtobool的简单解决方案

from distutils.util import strtobool

def user_yes_no_query(question):
    sys.stdout.write('%s [y/n]\n' % question)
    while True:
        try:
            return strtobool(raw_input().lower())
        except ValueError:
            sys.stdout.write('Please respond with \'y\' or \'n\'.\n')

#usage

>>> user_yes_no_query('Do you like cheese?')
Do you like cheese? [y/n]
Only on tuesdays
Please respond with 'y' or 'n'.
ok
Please respond with 'y' or 'n'.
y
>>> True

我知道这已经得到了一系列的回答,这可能无法回答OP的具体问题(包括标准列表),但这是我为最常见的用例所做的,它比其他回答简单得多:

answer = input('Please indicate approval: [y/n]')
if not answer or answer[0].lower() != 'y':
    print('You did not indicate approval')
    exit(1)
这就是我使用的:

import sys

# cs = case sensitive
# ys = whatever you want to be "yes" - string or tuple of strings

#  prompt('promptString') == 1:               # only y
#  prompt('promptString',cs = 0) == 1:        # y or Y
#  prompt('promptString','Yes') == 1:         # only Yes
#  prompt('promptString',('y','yes')) == 1:   # only y or yes
#  prompt('promptString',('Y','Yes')) == 1:   # only Y or Yes
#  prompt('promptString',('y','yes'),0) == 1: # Yes, YES, yes, y, Y etc.

def prompt(ps,ys='y',cs=1):
    sys.stdout.write(ps)
    ii = raw_input()
    if cs == 0:
        ii = ii.lower()
    if type(ys) == tuple:
        for accept in ys:
            if cs == 0:
                accept = accept.lower()
            if ii == accept:
                return True
    else:
        if ii == ys:
            return True
    return False
您也可以使用

无耻地摘自自述:

#pip install prompter

from prompter import yesno

>>> yesno('Really?')
Really? [Y/n]
True

>>> yesno('Really?')
Really? [Y/n] no
False

>>> yesno('Really?', default='no')
Really? [y/N]
True
我就是这样做的

输出

Is it raining today? Specify 'Y' or 'N'
> Y
answer = 'Y'

我修改了fmark对python2/3兼容的python的回答

看看您是否对更具错误处理能力的内容感兴趣

# PY2/3 compatibility
from __future__ import print_function
# You could use the six package for this
try:
    input_ = raw_input
except NameError:
    input_ = input

def query_yes_no(question, default=True):
    """Ask a yes/no question via standard input and return the answer.

    If invalid input is given, the user will be asked until
    they acutally give valid input.

    Args:
        question(str):
            A question that is presented to the user.
        default(bool|None):
            The default value when enter is pressed with no value.
            When None, there is no default value and the query
            will loop.
    Returns:
        A bool indicating whether user has entered yes or no.

    Side Effects:
        Blocks program execution until valid input(y/n) is given.
    """
    yes_list = ["yes", "y"]
    no_list = ["no", "n"]

    default_dict = {  # default => prompt default string
        None: "[y/n]",
        True: "[Y/n]",
        False: "[y/N]",
    }

    default_str = default_dict[default]
    prompt_str = "%s %s " % (question, default_str)

    while True:
        choice = input_(prompt_str).lower()

        if not choice and default is not None:
            return default
        if choice in yes_list:
            return True
        if choice in no_list:
            return False

        notification_str = "Please respond with 'y' or 'n'"
        print(notification_str)

下面是我的看法,如果用户没有确认操作,我只想中止

import distutils

if unsafe_case:
    print('Proceed with potentially unsafe thing? [y/n]')
    while True:
        try:
            verify = distutils.util.strtobool(raw_input())
            if not verify:
                raise SystemExit  # Abort on user reject
            break
        except ValueError as err:
            print('Please enter \'yes\' or \'no\'')
            # Try again
    print('Continuing ...')
do_unsafe_thing()

在2.7中,这是否太不符合Python

if raw_input('your prompt').lower()[0]=='y':
   your code here
else:
   alternate code here

它至少捕获了Yes的任何变体。

对python 3.x执行相同操作,其中
raw\u input()
不存在:

def ask(question, default = None):
    hasDefault = default is not None
    prompt = (question 
               + " [" + ["y", "Y"][hasDefault and default] + "/" 
               + ["n", "N"][hasDefault and not default] + "] ")

    while True:
        sys.stdout.write(prompt)
        choice = input().strip().lower()
        if choice == '':
            if default is not None:
                return default
        else:
            if "yes".startswith(choice):
                return True
            if "no".startswith(choice):
                return False

        sys.stdout.write("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' "
                             "(or 'y' or 'n').\n")
您可以使用的
confirm
方法

import click

if click.confirm('Do you want to continue?', default=True):
    print('Do something')
这将打印:

$ Do you want to continue? [Y/n]:
应适用于Linux、Mac或Windows上的Python 2/3


文档:

对于Python 3,我使用以下函数:

def user_prompt(question: str) -> bool:
    """ Prompt the yes/no-*question* to the user. """
    from distutils.util import strtobool

    while True:
        user_input = input(question + " [y/n]: ")
        try:
            return bool(strtobool(user_input))
        except ValueError:
            print("Please use y/n or yes/no.\n")
函数将字符串转换为布尔值。如果无法分析字符串,则会引发ValueError

在Python 3中,原始输入()已重命名为

正如Geoff所说,strtobool实际上返回0或1,因此必须将结果转换为bool


这是strtobool的实现,如果您希望特殊单词被识别为
true
,您可以复制代码并添加自己的案例

def strobool(val):
“”“将真值的字符串表示形式转换为真(1)或假(0)。
真值为“y”、“是”、“t”、“真”、“开”和“1”;假值
是“n”、“否”、“f”、“false”、“off”和“0”。如果
“瓦尔”是别的意思。
"""
val=val.lower()
如果val在('y','yes','t','true','on','1'):
返回1
elif val in('n','no','f','false','off','0'):
返回0
其他:
raise VALUERROR(“无效真值%r”%(val,))

作为一个编程能手,我发现上面的一系列答案过于复杂,特别是如果目标是拥有一个简单的函数,您可以将各种是/否问题传递给用户,迫使用户选择是或否。在浏览了本页和其他几页,并借用了所有各种好主意后,我得出以下结论:

def yes_no(question_to_be_answered):
    while True:
        choice = input(question_to_be_answered).lower()
        if choice[:1] == 'y': 
            return True
        elif choice[:1] == 'n':
            return False
        else:
            print("Please respond with 'Yes' or 'No'\n")

#See it in Practice below 

musical_taste = yes_no('Do you like Pine Coladas?')
if musical_taste == True:
    print('and getting caught in the rain')
elif musical_taste == False:
    print('You clearly have no taste in music')

一个经过清理的Python 3示例:

# inputExample.py

def confirm_input(question, default="no"):
    """Ask a yes/no question and return their answer.

    "question" is a string that is presented to the user.
    "default" is the presumed answer if the user just hits <Enter>.
        It must be "yes", "no", or None (meaning
        an answer is required of the user).

    The "answer" return value is True for "yes" or False for "no".
    """
    valid = {"yes": True, "y": True, "ye": True,
             "no": False, "n": False}
    if default is None:
        prompt = " [y/n] "
    elif default == "yes":
        prompt = " [Y/n] "
    elif default == "no":
        prompt = " [y/N] "
    else:
        raise ValueError("invalid default answer: '{}}'".format(default))

    while True:
        print(question + prompt)
        choice = input().lower()
        if default is not None and choice == '':
            return valid[default]
        elif choice in valid:
            return valid[choice]
        else:
            print("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' "
                             "(or 'y' or 'n').\n")

def main():

    if confirm_input("\nDo you want to continue? "):
        print("You said yes because the function equals true. Continuing.")
    else:
        print("Quitting because the function equals false.")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#inputExample.py
def确认_输入(问题,默认值=“否”):
“问一个是/否的问题,并返回他们的答案。
“问题”是呈现给用户的字符串。
“默认”是假定的答案,如果用户刚刚点击。
必须是“是”、“否”或“无”(意思是
需要用户提供答案)。
“回答”返回值对于“是”为True,对于“否”为False。
"""
valid={“yes”:真,“y”:真,“ye”:真,
“否”:False,“n”:False}
如果默认值为无:
prompt=“[y/n]”
elif default==“是”:
prompt=“[Y/n]”
elif默认值==“否”:
prompt=“[y/N]”
其他:
raise VALUERROR(“无效的默认答案:'{}'”。格式(默认))
尽管如此:
打印(问题+提示)
选项=输入()
如果默认值不是None且选项='':
返回有效[默认值]
elif选择有效:
返回有效[选择]
其他:
打印(“请
# inputExample.py

def confirm_input(question, default="no"):
    """Ask a yes/no question and return their answer.

    "question" is a string that is presented to the user.
    "default" is the presumed answer if the user just hits <Enter>.
        It must be "yes", "no", or None (meaning
        an answer is required of the user).

    The "answer" return value is True for "yes" or False for "no".
    """
    valid = {"yes": True, "y": True, "ye": True,
             "no": False, "n": False}
    if default is None:
        prompt = " [y/n] "
    elif default == "yes":
        prompt = " [Y/n] "
    elif default == "no":
        prompt = " [y/N] "
    else:
        raise ValueError("invalid default answer: '{}}'".format(default))

    while True:
        print(question + prompt)
        choice = input().lower()
        if default is not None and choice == '':
            return valid[default]
        elif choice in valid:
            return valid[choice]
        else:
            print("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' "
                             "(or 'y' or 'n').\n")

def main():

    if confirm_input("\nDo you want to continue? "):
        print("You said yes because the function equals true. Continuing.")
    else:
        print("Quitting because the function equals false.")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

while res:= input("When correct, press enter to continue...").lower() not in {'y','yes','Y','YES',''}: pass
res = True
while res:
    res = input("Please confirm with y/yes...").lower(); res = res not in {'y','yes','Y','YES',''}